Order of the Sacred Treasure

The Order of the Sacred Treasure (瑞宝章, Zuihō-shō) is a Japanese order, established on 4 January 1888 by Emperor Meiji as the Order of Meiji. Originally awarded in eight classes (from 8th to 1st, in ascending order of importance), since 2003 it has been awarded in six classes, the lowest two medals being abolished that year. The most widely conferred Japanese order, it is awarded to those who have made distinguished achievements in research fields, business industries, healthcare, social work, state/local government fields or the improvement of life for handicapped/impaired persons.[1]

Order of the Sacred Treasure
瑞宝章
Star of the Order of the Sacred Treasure
Awarded by the Emperor of Japan
TypeOrder
Awarded forLong and/or meritorious civil or military service
StatusCurrently constituted
SovereignHis Imperial Majesty
The Emperor
Grades1st through 8th Class (1888–2003)
Since 2003:
Grand Cordon
Gold and Silver Star (Rays, Principal Grade)
Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon (Cordon, Middle Grade)
Gold Rays with Rosette (Cordon, Junior Grade)
Gold and Silver Rays (Double Rays)
Silver Rays (Single Ray)
Precedence
Next (higher)Order of the Rising Sun
Next (lower)Order of Culture

Ribbon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure – new type

Originally a male-only decoration, the order has been made available to women since 1919; it is awarded for both civil and military merit, though of a lesser degree than that required for the conferment of the Order of the Rising Sun.

Classes

The Order can be awarded in any of six classes. Conventionally, a diploma is prepared to accompany the insignia of the order, and in some rare instances, the personal signature of the emperor will have been added. As an illustration of the wording of the text, a translation of a representative 1929 diploma says:

"By the grace of Heaven, Emperor of Japan, seated on the throne occupied by the same dynasty from time immemorial,

We confer the Second Class of the Imperial Order of Meiji upon Henry Waters Taft, a citizen of the United States of America and a director of the Japan Society of New York, and invest him with the insignia of the same class of the Order of the Double Rays of the Rising Sun, in expression of the good will which we entertain towards him.

"In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hand and caused the Grand Seal of State to be affixed at the Imperial Palace, Tokyo, this thirteenth day of the fifth month of the fourth year of Shōwa, corresponding to the 2,589th year from the accession to the throne of Emperor Jimmu."[2]

Insignia

The insignia of the order incorporates symbols for the three imperial treasures: the Yata Mirror, so sacred that not even the Emperor is allowed to look at it; the Yasakani Jewel, which is made of the finest jade; and the Emperor's personal sword.

The star for the Grand Cordon and Second Class is similar to the badge as described above, but effectively with two sets of Maltese crosses, one in gilt and one placed diagonally in silver. It is worn on the left chest by the Grand Cordon, on the right chest (without any other insignia) by the 2nd class.

The badge for the first through sixth classes is a Maltese cross, in gilt (1st–4th classes), gilt and silver (5th class) and silver (6th class), with white enameled rays (representing the sword). The central disc is blue, bearing an eight-pointed silver star (representing the mirror), surrounded by a wreath with red-enameled dots (representing the jewel). The badge is suspended on a ribbon, worn as a sash on the right shoulder by the Grand Cordon, as a necklet by males of the 2nd and 3rd classes, on the left chest (the ribbon folded into a triangle) by the 4th to 6th classes (with a rosette for the 4th class). For females of the 2nd to 6th classes, the ribbon is a bow worn on the left shoulder (with a rosette for the 4th class).

Until 2003, when it was abolished, the badge of the seventh and eighth classes was an eight-pointed silver medal, partially gilded for the 7th class, with representations of just the mirror and the jewel. The badge is suspended on a ribbon, worn by men on the left chest (the ribbon folded into a triangle). For women, the ribbon is a bow worn on the left shoulder.

Until 2003, the ribbon of the order was very pale blue with a gold stripe near the borders; since then the ribbon has been light blue, but retains the gold stripe near the borders. When the ribbon is worn alone, the ribbon for the Fourth Class and above incorporates a blue-and-gold rosette (very pale blue until 2003), with a solid gold bar for the Grand Cordon, a gold and silver bar for the Second Class, a solid silver bar for the Third Class and only the rosette for the Fourth Class. The ribbon for the Fifth and Sixth Classes has a centered blue disc (very pale blue until 2003) with gold rays radiating from its center, eight rays for the Fifth Class and six rays for the Sixth Class. Formerly, the ribbon for the Seventh and Eighth Classes had a centered very pale blue disc with gold rays radiating from its center, four rays for the Seventh Class and three rays for the Eighth Class.

Ribbons of the Order of the Sacred Treasure
1888–2003
 First Class
 Second Class
 Third Class
 Fourth Class
 Fifth Class
 Sixth Class
 Seventh Class
 Eighth Class
 General ribbon of the order
2003–present
 Grand Cordon
 Gold and Silver Star
 Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon
 Gold Rays with Rosette
 Gold and Silver Rays
 Silver Rays
 General ribbon of the order

After the 2003 reform

In 2003 the lowest two classes of the Order were abolished. Moreover, the badges of the Order will from now on be suspended from three white-enamelled paulownia leaves (not chrysanthemum leaves as the Decoration Bureau page claims).

Selected recipients
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

1st class, Grand Cordon

Lieutenant-General Sir Edward Altham Altham, KCB, CMG. awarded 1918 Lieutenant-General Sir Frederick Thomas Clayton, KCB, KCMG. awarded 1918 Lieutenant-General Sir John Steven Cowans, GCMG, KCB, MV. awarded 1918 Lieutenant-General Sir David Henderson, KCB, DSO. awarded 1918 Lieutenant-General Sir Lancelot Edward Kiggell, KCB, KCMG. awarded 1918 Lieutenant-General Sir Cecil Frederick Nevil Macready, GCMG, KCB. awarded 1918 Lieutenant-General Sir Archibald James Murray, GCMG, KCB, CVO, DSO. awarded 1918 Lieutenant-General Sir James Wolfe Murray, KCB. awarded 1918 Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Crichton SCLATER, GCB. awarded 1918

2nd class, Gold and Silver Star

3rd class, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon

4th class, Gold Rays with Rosette

5th class, Gold and Silver Rays

6th class, Silver Rays

  • His Majesty Ariki Tuheitia of New Zealand, awarded 2015

7th class: abolished

While established with the original induction of the First 6 classes, Class 7 has never been issued or given an official designation or design.

Officially the Medal and its designation were abolished in 2003; there are no known recipients or issuances of this Medal in its original design from 1887.

8th class: abolished

While established with the original induction of the First 6 classes, Class 8 has never been issued or designated a design, like Class 7 Before it.

Officially the Medal and its designation were abolished in 2003; there are no known recipients or issuances of this Medal in its original design from 1887.

General Class

  • Order of the Sacred Treasure
  • Order of the Sacred Treasure (class 3)
  • Order of the Sacred Treasure (class 5)
  • Order of the Sacred Treasure (class 6)
  • Ribbon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure – old type

See also

References

  1. Order of the Sacred Treasure profile Archived 19 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine, www8.cao.go.jp; accessed 6 July 2014.
  2. Honor awarded 1929 – "Japanese Emperor Honors H.W. Taft; Consul-General Gives Insignia for Fostering International Friendship. Diploma Also Presented; Brother of Chief Justice Receives Order of Rising Sun at Exercises Here," Archived 5 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine New York Times, 28 June 1929.
  3. "L'Ordre du Trésor Sacré (The Order of the Sacred Treasure)". L'Harmattan (in French). December 2007. Archived from the original on 12 November 2011. Retrieved 22 April 2009.
  4. "No. 32428". The London Gazette (Supplement). 19 August 1921. p. 6569.
  6. Abdullah Ahmad Badawi profile Archived 4 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine; accessed 2 July 2014
  7. King, Wayne; Warren Weaver, Jr. (2 May 1986). "Briefing: Boorstin and the Emperor". New York Times. Archived from the original on 12 March 2009.
  8. "The Gateway's Oriental Treasure". Time. 17 June 1966. Archived from the original on 28 October 2010.
  9. Japan Society of London. "Sir Hugh Cortazzi profile at". AIM25. Retrieved 2 July 2014. Grand Cordon, Order of the Sacred Treasure (Japan), 1995
  10. "Takuma Dan profile". Time. 14 March 1932. Archived from the original on 11 September 2010.
  11. "Henry Willard Denison, Portraits of State and National Legislators and Others on the First Floor of The State House, New Hampshire Division of Historical Resources". nh.gov. Archived from the original on 9 June 2011.
  12. The Admiral: The Memoirs of Albert Gleaves, Admiral, USN
  13. "Obituary: Chushiro Hayashi (1920-2010)", adsabs.harvard.edu, December 2011.
  14. "Passing of Norio Ohga, Senior Advisor and former President and Chairman, Sony Corporation" Archived 4 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine, sony.net, 23 April 2011; retrieved 8 August 2011.
  15. Krebs, Alvin; Robert McG. Thomas (15 January 1981). "Notes on People: Hester Honored". New York Times. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.
  16. "KIYOSHI SUMIYA". Philippines Japan Society Medal of Merit Awardees. Archived from the original on 6 May 2016.
  17. Kirkup, James. Masaru Ibuka obituary Archived 15 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine, independent.co.uk, The Independent (London, UK), 22 December 1997; accessed 2 July 2014.
  18. Umezawa Michiharu
  19. "Akio Morita: Biography". Sony Corporation of America. 3 October 1999. Archived from the original on 22 October 2012.
  20. Strom, Stephanie "Nakamura Utaemon VI, 84, International Star of Kabuki" Archived 8 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine, New York Times, 4 April 2001.
  21. "No. 30363". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 October 1917. p. 11322.
  22. "Fellowship to Recognise Contribution to Language Teaching and Learning" Archived 14 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Centre for Information on Language Teaching and Research (CILT), 27 March 2002; retrieved 19 June 2011.
  23. Sir Julian Ridsdale profile, timesonline.co.uk, 23 July 2004; accessed 6 July 2014.
  24. "訃報（経団連名誉会長、当社社友名誉会長　斎藤英四郎殿）[News of death: President Emeritus of Keidanren, Honorary Chairman of our company, Saito Eishiro]". Nippon Steel. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  25. Shoichiro Toyoda profile Archived 4 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine, toyota.com; accessed 2 July 2014.
  26. "No. 32180". The London Gazette. 4 January 1921. p. 62.
  27. "C.V. Archived 3 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine", Hirotugu Akaike Memorial Website (Institute of Statistical Mathematics).
    Tong, Howell (2010), "Obituary: Professor Hirotugu Akaike, 1927‐2009", Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 173: 451–454, doi:10.1111/j.1467-985X.2009.00633.x.
  28. Oblas, Peter (1 March 2004). "Naturalist Law and Japan's Legitimization of Empire in Manchuria: Thomas Baty and Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs". Diplomacy & Statecraft. 15 (1): 35–55. doi:10.1080/09592290490438051. ISSN 0959-2296.
  29. "MASTERPIECES OF JAPANESE ART FROM THE MARY GRIGGS BURKE COLLECTION - The Metropolitan Museum of Art". Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.
  30. "Pierre Cardin Bio" (PDF). pierrecardin.com.
  31. W. Edwards Deming profile Archived 12 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine, editions-harmattan.fr; accessed 6 July 2014.
  32. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  33. Cited in the Congressional Record, 5 November 1973, Volume 119, No. 168.
  34. Profile of Ted Fujita Archived 14 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine, uchicago.edu; accessed 2 July 2014.
  35. Beam, George (2001). Quality Public Management. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 252. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  36. "Joseph Juran: American pioneer of quality control who wrote the definitive manual and helped create Japan's postwar economic miracle". The Times. London, UK. 6 March 2008. Archived from the original on 23 May 2010.
  37. Yuet Keung Kan profile, Bulletin of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (p. 5)
  38. Lord, Frances. "Bernard Leach archive". Crafts Study Centre. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  39. "Mike M. Masaoka papers, 1931-1991". Archives West. University of Utah Libraries, Special Collections. 2019. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  40. "L'Ordre du Trésor Sacré (The Order of the Sacred Treasure)". L'Harmattan (in French). Archived from the original on 12 November 2011. Retrieved 22 April 2009. Order with gold and silver star
  41. Chubu Regional Construction Bureau, Ministry of Construction, Kiso River Lower Reaches Works Office. Johannis de Rijke profile, The Father of the Riparian Work on the Kiso-Sansen: Johannis de Rijke, page 6
  42. L'Harmattan entry for Sakıp Sabancı (misspelled as Sakip Sananci) Archived 12 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine; accessed 6 July 2014.
  43. Adler, Cyrus (1921). Profile of Jacob Henry Schiff, books.google.com; accessed 2 July 2014.]
  44. National Research Institute for Cultural Properties (NRI), 田中一松 Archived 16 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, 1983.
  45. "Nihon no shashinka", Biographic Dictionary of Japanese Photography (Tokyo: Nichigai Associates, 2005); ISBN 4-8169-1948-1, p. 291 (in Japanese)
  46. 20世紀西洋人名事典. "ウィルフレッド・C. ツキヤマとは". コトバンク (in Japanese). Retrieved 28 January 2019.
  47. Davis, Henry Blaine Jr. (1998). Generals in Khaki. Raleigh, NC: Pentland Press. p. 363-364. ISBN 978-1-5719-7088-6 – via Google Books.
  48. "VADM Eugene P. "Dennis" Wilkinson (retired)". U.S. Navy Submarine Force Museum. Archived from the original on 7 October 2006. Retrieved 15 January 2007.
  49. Crockford's Clerical Directory 1929/30 p75: Oxford, OUP, 1929]
  50. 2017 Spring Conferment of Decoration on Foreign Nationals, Page 23 Archived 7 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine; accessed 6 September 2017.
  51. Oblas, Peter (1 March 2004). "Naturalist Law and Japan's Legitimization of Empire in Manchuria: Thomas Baty and Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs". Diplomacy & Statecraft. 15 (1): 35–55. doi:10.1080/09592290490438051. ISSN 0959-2296.
  52. Delmer Brown profile Archived 22 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine, csuchico.edu; accessed 2 July 2014.
  53. "No. 33630". The London Gazette. 1 August 1930. p. 4801.
  54. "Kun Santo Zuiho Sho" Archived 1 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Niemöller, Pätzold & Chung (1995) 'Lux Oriente', KBMf 188, p. IV
  55. Profile of Günther Gumprich Archived 11 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine, ritterkreuztraeger-1939-45.de; accessed 6 July 2014.
  56. John E. Tuhy, Sam Hill: The Prince of Castle Nowhere (1983), Portland, Oregon, USA: Timber Press, ISBN 0-917304-77-2, p. 178
  57. "Japan Decorates Our Naval Attache" (PDF), New York Times, 25 March 1919
  58. "Pax Britannica (3rd Class)" Archived 15 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Time, 16 May 1932.
  59. Dunne, A., & Bowen, R. (2003): Trevor Pryce Leggett profile, Britain & Japan: biographical portraits (Vol. 4, pp. 323–33). London: Routledge; ISBN 978-1-9033-5014-0
  60. Toshiro Mifune profile Archived 1 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine, mifuneproductions.co.jp; accessed 2 July 2014.
  61. Tetsuya Noda The Works 1964 - 2016 ISBN 978-4-87242-430-0
  62. Brenson, Michael (31 December 1988). "Isamu Noguchi, the Sculptor, Dies at 84". New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 March 2009.
  63. Duquesne/Wecht Institute of Forensic Science and Law profile of Thomas Noguchi Archived 6 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine, jfk.duq.edul accessed 2 July 2014.
  64. "Dr Ozato Conferral" (PDF). Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Washington Office. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  65. 西へ！―アメリカ人の太平洋開拓史 [To the west! – History of American pioneering in the Pacific Ocean] (in Japanese). Tokyo, Japan: Kinokuniya. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
  66. Hemphill, Elizabeth (1969). The Road to KEEP (First ed.). New York and Tokyo: John Weatherhill Inc. p. 186.
  67. "Tadahiro Sekimoto, Former Chairman of NEC, Passed Away on November 11, 2007" Archived 16 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine, NEC Corporation, nec.co.jp, 12 November 2007.
  68. Profile of Hiroko Sho Archived 25 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine, oist.jp; accessed 2 July 2014.
  69. 20世紀日本人名事典,367日誕生日大事典. "杉野 芳子(スギノ ヨシコ)とは". コトバンク (in Japanese). Retrieved 25 October 2019.
  70. Profile of Akira Suzuki Archived 10 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine, nobelprize.org; accessed 2 July 2014.
  71. Prominent People of the Maritime Provinces, p. 193
  72. Takeo Uesugi profile Archived 27 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine, rafu.com; accessed 2 July 2014.
  73. Tsuji, Masanobu (1997) Japan's Greatest Victory, Britain's Worst Defeat, p. 108
  74. Profile Archived 15 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Tuttle Publishing Internet homepage, peripluspublishinggroup.com; accessed 2 July 2014.
  75. "Obituary: Elizabeth Vining". The Economist. 11 December 1999. Archived from the original on 30 May 2012.
  76. Allen, David (29 January 2007), "Veteran writes book on proper chopstick use", Stars and Stripes
  77. Recipient with citation
  78. "「佐々木英治」を編集中" – via Wikipedia.
  79. Recipient with citation
  80. Woo, Elaine. "Floyd Schmoe; Activist for Peace for Nearly a Century". Archived from the original on 9 December 2012.
  81. Sullivan, K. (2003): A lifetime of Judo: 90 year old Keiko Fukuda, the martial art's highest-ranked woman, still goes to the mat for her Bay Area students Archived 9 June 2004 at the Wayback Machine, judoinfo.com, reproduced from the San Francisco Chronicle, 17 October 2003; retrieved 25 April 2010.
  82. Mostel, Raphael (1 January 2013). "Beate Sirota Gordon Dies at 89". Forward. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013.
  83. Herbert Keppler profile Archived 5 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine, ny.us.emb-japan.go.jp; accessed 2 July 2014.
  84. 三木 露風　ミキ ロフウ. Kotobank (in Japanese). Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  85. Nishiyama bio Archived 12 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, ITKF.org; accessed 2 July 2014.
  86. Bird, David and Robert McG. Thomas Jr. "Notes on People: Japanese Writer for Times Decorated by Hirohito", New York Times, 13 May 1982.
  87. Agnes Mitsue Niyekawa profile Archived 14 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine, 1 January 1999; accessed 2 July 2014.
  88. Britton, Dorothy. (1997). Richard Ponsonby-Fane profile, "A Modern William Adams"], Britain and Japan: Biographical Portraits], books.google.com, page 203; accessed 6 July 2014.
  89. About Shozo Sato Archived 9 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine, University of Illinois at Urbana website; 10 November 2006; accessed 2 July 2014.
  90. Oskar Ritter und Edler von Xylander, home.att.net; accessed 2 July 2014.
  91. Serizawa Keisuke profile Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, seribi.jp; accessed 2 July 2014.
  92. Funai website; accessed 2 July 2014.
  93. Takahashi, Masao (2005). Mastering Judo. Windsor, Ontario: Human Kinetics. p. 213. ISBN 073605099X.
  94. Forward. Yokohama, Japan: St. Joseph College. 1956. p. 8.
  95. Letter from the Consulate General of Japan, 3 October 1988. C. Elizabeth Boyd '33 Archives, Wilson College, Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, United States.
  96. Dr. Andrew Tsubaki profile Archived 14 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Consulate General of Japan website; accessed 2 July 2014.
  97. From Tozaburo to Thomas, page 130.
  98. Chinen, Karleen C. (2012). Hawaii's AJA pioneers : one hundred profiles commemorating the centennial of the Hawaii Hochi. Honolulu, Hawaii: Hawaii Hochi Ltd. pp. 37–38.
  99. George Gauntlett profile Archived 25 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Local Information Department, Okayama Prefectural Library website; accessed 6 July 2014.
  100. "L'Ordre du Trésor Sacré (The Order of the Sacred Treasure)". L'Harmattan (in French). Archived from the original on 12 November 2011. Retrieved 22 April 2009. Order with gold and silver rays
  101. Niklaus, Robert L., John S. Sawin, & Samuel J. Stoesz. All for Jesus: God at Work in The Christian and Missionary Alliance Over One Hundred Years. Camp Hill, PA: Christian Publications, 1986, p. 201.
  102. Chiura Obata profile Archived 10 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine, fandrfinearts.com; accessed 2 July 2014.
  103. Yoshio Tamiya profile Archived 29 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine, tamiya.com; accessed 2 July 2014.
  104. "Judo Alberta". Archived from the original on 12 January 2012.
  105. Kubota Garden Foundation Archived 26 June 2014 at the Wayback Machine, kubotagarden.org; accessed 2 July 2014.
  106. Azalia Peet profile Archived 10 August 2014 at the Wayback Machine, fivecolleges.edu; accessed 10 August 2014.
  107. Friendship through Flowers, History of the Second Twenty-five Years 1981 – 2006, p80 Archived 7 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 28 December 2015
  108. []{{ }}
  109. Lamott, Willis, ed. (1932). "Obituary". Japan Christian Yearbook. Ginza: Federation of Christian Missions in Japan (30th). Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  110. "Portrait of the Week". The Japan Society. The Japan Society, London, UK. Archived from the original on 26 July 2014. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  111. Balendonck, Marybel (Winter 2001). "Bonsai Hero". National Bonsai Foundation Bulletin. 12.
  112. Pace, Eric (22 November 1999). "Faubion Bowers, 82, Defender of Kabuki in Occupied Japan". New York Times. Archived from the original on 8 March 2009.
  113. "Cruiser 'Livia' in Kobe to Greet Italians", Osaka Mainichi, 29 July 1922.
  114. "Prof. Chaplin's New Post; He will be Chancellor of the Washington University" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, New York Times, 30 August 1891.
  115. Van Gelder, Laurence. "Footlights: Honor Bound" Archived 7 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine, New York Times, 4 November 1998.
  116. L'Harmattan web site Archived 12 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
  117. "Uncle Bob" Archived 8 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Time, 10 September 1945.
  118. Yoshikawa, Eiji. (1995). Musashi (transl. Charles S. Terry), p. 971.
  119. L'Harmattan web site Archived 12 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine; accessed 2 July 2014 (in French)
  120. Scott, Janny. "John W. Hall, Historian of Japan, Dies at 81" Archived 21 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine, New York Times, 27 October 1997; accessed 2 July 2014.
  121. "Text of Treaty; Signed by the Emperor of Japan and Czar of Russia" Archived 23 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine, New York Times, 17 October 1905.
  122. Brownlee, John. (1997). Japanese historians and the national myths, 1600–1945: the age of the gods and Emperor Jinmu, p. 96
  123. L'Harmattan web site (in French) Archived 11 April 2012 at WebCite, Order with gold rays and cross; UNICEF: Goodwill Ambassador Kuroyanagi profile Archived 10 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine; accessed 6 July 2014.
  124. L'Harmattan web site (in French) Archived 12 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine; accessed 6 July 2014.
  125. "Lawrence Olson, 73, An Expert on Japan" Archived 10 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine New York Times, 2 April 1992.
  126. Davison, Charles (1924). "Fusakichi Omori and his work on Earthquakes". Bulletin of the Seismic Society of America. 14: 240–255. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
  127. Briscoe, David (13 March 2008). "John Roderick; AP Correspondent Captured a Changing China". Associated Press. Washington Post. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2008.
  128. L'Harmattan web site (in French) Archived 12 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine, editions-harmattan.fr; accessed 6 July 2014.
  129. "Japan Expert, Linguist & Writer Jack Seward Passes away at 86", southjnews.com; accessed 6 July 2014.
  130. "No. 32095". The London Gazette. 22 October 1920. p. 10197.
  131. "Kenjiro Takayanagi, Electrical Engineer, 91" Archived 24 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine, New York Times, 25 July 1990.
  132. Morrison, Donald. "Japan's Master of Monsters" Archived 11 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Time. 13 December 2007.
  133. "A Victory for the Chinese; Japanese Driven with Heavy Loss from Ping-yang" Archived 10 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, New York Times, 22 August 1894.
  134. "Embassy of Japan in Myanmar". www.mm.emb-japan.go.jp. Archived from the original on 5 August 2017.

Sources

  • Peterson, James W., Barry C. Weaver and Michael A. Quigley. (2001). Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States. San Ramon, California: Orders and Medals Society of America. ISBN 1-890974-09-9
  • Rossiter, Johnson, ed. (1904). The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans, Vol. II. Boston: The Biographical Society....Click link for digitized, full text copy of this book
  • Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary, Kenkyusha Limited, Tokyo 1991, ISBN 4-7674-2015-6

Media related to Order of the Sacred Treasure at Wikimedia Commons

gollark: AP just gave me a free purple nebula!
gollark: But is it very reflective, almost metallic looking?
gollark: Another several days, another gold missed.
gollark: If NDs can be hatched in minutes then prizekins can be hatched in an hour or whatever.
gollark: Wait, release tonight?
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.