Order of Carol I

The Order of Carol I (Romanian: Ordinul Carol I) was the highest ranking of the Romanian honours of the Kingdom of Romania until the abolition of the monarchy in 1947. It was instituted on 10 May 1906[1] by King Carol I to celebrate the Ruby Jubilee of 40 years of his reign.

Order of Carol I Ordinul Carol I
Badge and sash of the order
Awarded by the King of Romania
Type	Dynastic Order
Royal house	House of Romania
Religious affiliation	Romanian Orthodox
Ribbon	Pale blue with gold edges bearing a narrow red stripe
Motto	PRIN STATORNICIE LA IZBÂNDĂ ("To Victory Through Steadiness")
Awarded for	Conspicuous and special merit
Status	Currently constituted
Grades	Collar, Grand Cross, Grand Officer, Commander
Precedence
Next (higher)	None (highest)
Next (lower)	Order of the Crown
Ribbon of the order

During its time as a national order, it was widely used to reward members of the Romanian royal family, Romanian Prime Ministers, Romanian politicians, foreign monarchs and heads of state, selected consorts and heirs, and other people thought to be worthy of receiving the order by the King of Romania.

It is currently a dynastic order of the former Romanian royal family. It is the highest-ranking award among all the decorations of the Romanian Royal House and is administered by its head. There are currently no foreign knights or dames of the order, except for members of the Romanian royal family.

Classes

The order has only the superior classes, each of them with limited numbers:[2]

• Collar (limited to 10)
• Grand Cross (limited to 20)
• Grand Officer (limited to 30)
• Commander (limited to 40)

Insignia

Collar

The Collar is in Gold and consists of 8 links of the emblems of the Danubian Principalities of The: Principality of Wallachia, Principality of Moldavia, Principality of Oltenia and Principality of Dobruja, 4 emblems on either side of the collar with 2 of the emblems of the House of Hohenzollern between each two Principalities; between each emblem is the monogram of King Carol I.[3] At the back of the collar is the lock which is an Eagle with open wings which suspends in half to wear.[4] At the front of the collar is the Steel Crown of Romania which the badge of the order suspends from.[5]

Badge

• The Badge is the Romanian Eagle on top of a square Gold sunray on top of a Red Maltese cross. The Eagle wears the Crown of Romania, holds the Orthodox cross in its beak, holds the Sword of King Carol I in its left claw, holds the Royal Mantle in its right claw and supports the ribbon inscribed "PRIN STATORNICIE LA IZBÂNDĂ" by both its claws whilst on its chest is a small Gold effigy of King Carol I.[6]

On the obverse is the Red Maltese cross on top of the Gold sunray, in the middle of the Maltese Cross is a small Gold monogram of King Carol I.[7]

• The Badge is featured on: The Collar, The Sash, The Medal and The Necklet.

Stars

There are two types of stars of the order: 1st which is for the Grand Cross with Collar/Grand Cross and the 2nd which is for the Grand Officer; both are to worn on the left stomach.

• The 1st Star is in Gold which is 8-pointed, set in sunray's and is similar in shape of the Swedish Royal Order of the Seraphim; the Eagle which is on the Badge is on top of the star and set in Silver.[8]
• The 2nd Star is also in Gold and also in sunray's, it is set in a Rhombus shape and is similar in shape of the Dutch Order of the Crown; the Eagle which is on the Badge is on top of the star and set in Gold.[9]

Sash

The Sash is pale Blue with Gold edges bearing a narrow Red stripe; at the bottom of the sash is a bow which joins both sides together and where the badge hangs from; It is worn from the right shoulder.[10]

Recipients

Grand Cross with Collar

Romanian royal family

•  Kingdom of Romania: King Carol I of Romania[11][12]
•  Kingdom of Romania: Queen Elisabeth of Romania[13]
•  Kingdom of Romania: King Ferdinand I of Romania[14][15]
•  Kingdom of Romania: Queen Marie of Romania[16][17]
• House of Hohenzollern: Prince Carol of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen[18][19] - revoked
• House of Hohenzollern: Prince Nicholas of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen[20][21] - revoked
• House of Romania: King Michael I of Romania[22][23]
• House of Romania: Queen Anne of Romania[22][24]
• House of Romania: Margareta, Custodian of the Crown of Romania[22][25][26]

Romania

•  Kingdom of Romania: Gheorghe Manu, 17th Prime Minister of Romania[27]
•  Kingdom of Romania: Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino, 20th & 23rd Prime Minister of Romania[28]
•  Kingdom of Romania: Patriarch Miron of Romania, 38th Prime Minister of Romania and 7th Patriarch of All Romania[29]

Foreign

• Albanian Royal Family: Former King Zog I of Albania[30]
•  Kingdom of Bulgaria: King Boris III of the Bulgarians[31][32]
•  Czechoslovakia: Edvard Beneš, 2nd President of Czechoslovakia
•  Kingdom of Egypt: King Fuad I of Egypt
• Egyptian Royal Family: Former King Farouk I of Egypt
•  France: Albert François Lebrun, 15th President of France[33]
• German Imperial and Royal Family: Former Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany[34]
• Kingdom of Greece: King Constantine I of Greece[35]
• Kingdom of Greece: King George II of Greece[36]
• Kingdom of Greece: King Paul I of Greece[37]
• Ottoman Imperial Family: Former Emperor Abdul Hamid II of the Ottoman Empire, 33rd Ottoman Caliph[38]
•  United Kingdom: Colin Robert Ballard, Brigadier of the British Army[39]
•  Netherlands: Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands[40][41]
•  Norway: King Haakon VII of Norway[42]
• Russian Imperial Family: Former Emperor Nicholas II of Russia[43]
• Kingdom of Yugoslavia: King Alexander I of Yugoslavia[44]

Grand Cross

Romanian Royal Family

• House of Romania: Queen Mother Helen of Romania[22]
• House of Romania: Prince Radu of Romania[22][45]

Romania

•  Kingdom of Romania: Theodor Rosetti, 16th Prime Minister of Romania[46]
•  Kingdom of Romania: Alexandru Averescu, 24th, 27th and 31st Prime Minister of Romania[47][48]
• Romanian Royal Family: Alexandru Vaida-Voevod, 28th, 35th and 37th Prime Minister of Romania[49]
•  Kingdom of Romania: Nicolae Iorga, 34th Prime Minister of Romania[50]
• Romanian Royal Family: Gheorghe Tătărescu, 36th and 42nd Prime Minister of Romania[51]
•  Kingdom of Romania: Constantin Prezan, 28th and 25th Chief of the Romanian General Staff[52]

Foreign

•  Belgium: King Albert I of Belgium[53][54]
•  Belgium: Queen Elisabeth, Queen Grandmother of Belgium[54]
•  Belgium: Former King Leopold III of Belgium[54]
• Sultanate of Egypt: King Abbas II of Egypt
• Germany
  • German Imperial and Royal Family: Empress Augusta Victoria, Former Empress Consort of Germany
    • Grand Ducal Family of Mecklenburg-Strelitz: Prince Georg Alexander, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz[55]
• Kingdom of Greece: Queen Sophia, Queen Mother of Greece
• Greek Royal Family: Queen Frederica, Queen Mother of Greece[37]
• Italian Royal Family: Former King Umberto II of Italy[56]
•  Poland: Józef Piłsudski, Chief of State of Poland[57][58]
• Russian Imperial Family: Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, The Former Empress Consort of Russia
•  Kingdom of Yugoslavia: Prince Arsen of Yugoslavia[59]
•  Kingdom of Yugoslavia: Nikola Pašić, Prime Minister of Serbia and Yugoslavia[60]

Grand Officer

Romanian Royal Family

• Romanian Royal Family: Princess Elisabeth of Romania[61]
• Romanian Royal Family: Queen Maria, Queen Mother of Yugoslavia[62]
• Romanian Royal Family: Princess Ileana of Romania[63]
• House of Romania: Princess Elena of Romania[22][64]

Romania

•  Kingdom of Romania: Constantin C. Arion, 50th Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania
•  Romania: General Nicolae Samsonovici, 20th Chief of the Romanian General Staff[65]

See also

• Romanian Royal Family
• Decorations of the Romanian Royal House

References

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External links

• Orders and Decorations of the Romanian Royal Family