Nosferatu molango

Nosferatu molango
	Nosferatu molango
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cichliformes
Family:	Cichlidae
Genus:	Nosferatu
Species:	N. molango
Binomial name
	Nosferatu molango; (De la Maza-Benignos & Lozano-Vilano, 2013)
Synonyms
	Herichthys molango De la Maza-Benignos & Lozano-Vilano, 2013

Nosferatu molango (previously placed in the genus Herichthys),[1] also known as Aztec Cichlid, is a species of cichlid endemic to the "Laguna Azteca", in the headwaters of the Rio Moctezuma (Rio Panuco Basin), in the municipality of Molango, state of Hidalgo, Mexico at 1,270 meters above sea level. It is distinguished from other species of the genus in "having a slender (slightly broader than long), well-spaced, unicuspid and conical, posterior slightly flattened, indented lower pharyngeal plate (instead of having large molars),[2] with 2 rows of 8–9 medium-sized, lightly pigmented molars that flank the midline; 11–13 nonenlarged conic teeth along the posterior margin. Distinguished from all other species in the genus by a combination of the following characters: predorsal contour deep and nonacute, which is not concave before the eye; head short (mean 35%, SD 3%), rostral tip to the pectoral fin origin distance (mean 33%, SD 1%); caudal peduncle short (mean 15%, SD 1%) and deep (mean 16%, SD 1%), long anal fin (origin to hypural base distance; mean 40%, SD 1%); wide preorbit (mean 30%, SD 3%); eye small (mean 21%, SD 2%). Peritoneum is uniformly very dark."

Panoramic view of Laguna Azteca, Molango, Hidalgo, Mexico

Its live color is light goldenrod to olive in dorsal areas and very light on the flanks and belly. Snout and head are densely covered with speckles that extend posteriorly to nuchal area and onto gill cleft. Scales over flanks fringed by diamond-shaped darker outlines (scale-pockets), thicker over posterior-ventral half, giving the flanks a reticulate appearance. All specimens with red marking at axil, behind pectoral fin. Dorsal and caudal fins are same color as the body with four lines of red dots extending onto soft areas and conspicuous on inter-radial membranes. Tip of caudal fin reddish.

Conservation

The Aztec cichlid has been effectively extirpated from Laguna Azteca.[2] The species and its habitat have been severely impacted by the introduction of tilapias, largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and sunfish (Lepomis spp.), which greatly threaten the viability of the entire N. molango population.[3]

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References

De la Maza-Benignos, M.; Ornelas-García, C. P.; Lozano-Vilano, M.d.L.; García-Ramírez, M.E. & Doadrio, I. (2015). "Phylogeographic analysis of genus Herichthys (Perciformes: Cichlidae), with descriptions of Nosferatu new genus and H. tepehua n. sp". Hydrobiologia. 748 (1): 201–231. doi:10.1007/s10750-014-1891-8. hdl:10261/126238.
Díaz-Pardo, E., Pineda-López, R. & Gutiérrez-Hernández, A. (2002): Natural history of Chichlasoma labridens (Teleostei: Cichlidae), a Mexican species in danger of extinction. In: Lozano-Vilano (editor). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Mexico, 223-240.
De La Maza-Benignos, M. & Lozano-Vilano, M.d.L. (2013). "Description of three new species of the genus Herichthys (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from eastern Mexico, with redescription of H. labridens, H. steindachneri, and H. pantostictus". Zootaxa. 3734 (2): 101–129. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3734.2.1. PMID 25277902.

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[De_la_Maza-Benignos_et_al_2015-1] De la Maza-Benignos, M.; Ornelas-García, C. P.; Lozano-Vilano, M.d.L.; García-Ramírez, M.E. & Doadrio, I. (2015). "Phylogeographic analysis of genus Herichthys (Perciformes: Cichlidae), with descriptions of Nosferatu new genus and H. tepehua n. sp". Hydrobiologia. 748 (1): 201–231. doi:10.1007/s10750-014-1891-8. hdl:10261/126238.

[Diaz-Pardoetal2002-2] Díaz-Pardo, E., Pineda-López, R. & Gutiérrez-Hernández, A. (2002): Natural history of Chichlasoma labridens (Teleostei: Cichlidae), a Mexican species in danger of extinction. In: Lozano-Vilano (editor). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Mexico, 223-240.

[3] De La Maza-Benignos, M. & Lozano-Vilano, M.d.L. (2013). "Description of three new species of the genus Herichthys (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from eastern Mexico, with redescription of H. labridens, H. steindachneri, and H. pantostictus". Zootaxa. 3734 (2): 101–129. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3734.2.1. PMID 25277902.