Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2501

Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2501 was a DC-4 propliner operating its daily transcontinental service between New York City and Seattle when it disappeared on the night of June 23, 1950. The flight was carrying 55 passengers and three crew members; the loss of all 58 on board made it the deadliest commercial airliner accident in American history at the time.[2]

Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2501
A DC-4 similar to the accident aircraft
Occurrence
DateJune 23, 1950 (1950-06-23)
SummaryUnexplained disappearance
SiteLake Michigan
42°22′N 86°37′W
Aircraft
Aircraft typeDouglas DC-4 (former C-54)
OperatorNorthwest Orient Airlines
RegistrationN95425[1] (formerly 42-72165)
Flight originLaGuardia Airport
New York City, New York
1st stopoverMinneapolis–St. Paul, Minnesota
2nd stopoverSpokane, Washington
DestinationSeattle, Washington
Passengers55
Crew3
Fatalities58 (all presumed; only body fragments found)

The aircraft was at approximately 3,500 feet (1,100 m) over Lake Michigan, 18 miles (29 km) NNW of Benton Harbor, Michigan[3] when flight controllers lost radio contact with it soon after the pilot had requested a descent to 2,500 feet (760 m). A widespread search was commenced including using sonar and dragging the bottom of Lake Michigan with trawlers, but to no avail. Considerable light debris, upholstery, and human body fragments were found floating on the surface, but divers were unable to locate the plane's wreckage.[4] The disappearance was the deadliest aviation disaster since the Llandow air disaster earlier that year, which killed 80.

Cause

It is known that Flight 2501 was entering a squall line and turbulence, but since the plane's wreckage underwater was not found, the cause of the crash was never determined.[4] There is output from a hindcast simulation of the possible weather conditions during the event. The incident was reported as follows:

A Northwest Airlines DC-4 airplane with fifty-eight persons aboard, last reported over Lake Michigan early today, was still missing tonight after hundreds of planes and boats had worked to trace the craft or any survivors. All air and surface craft suspended search operations off Milwaukee at nightfall except the Coast Guard cutter Woodbine. The airplane, a four-engine 'air coach' bound from New York to Minneapolis and Seattle, was last heard from at 1:13 o'clock this morning, New York Time, when it reported that it was over Lake Michigan, having crossed the eastern shore line near South Haven, Mich. The craft was due over Milwaukee at 1:27 A.M. and at Minneapolis at 3:23 A.M. If all aboard are lost, the crash will be the most disastrous in the history of American commercial aviation. The plane carried a capacity load of fifty-five passengers and a crew of three, headed by Capt. Robert Lind, 35 years old, of Hopkins, Minn. In Minneapolis, Northwest Airlines said the craft was 'presumed to be down,' and that they were beginning notification of relatives of passengers. In his last report, Captain Lind requested permission to descend from 3,500 to 2,500 feet because of a severe electrical storm which was lashing the lake with high velocity winds. Permission to descend was denied by the Civil Aeronautic Authority because there was too much traffic at the lower altitude.

— The New York Times, Milwaukee, June 25, 1950

Aftermath

The missing airliner is the subject of an annual search by Michigan Shipwreck Research Associates (MSRA), a Michigan-based non-profit organization. The search effort began in 2004 as a joint venture between author and explorer Clive Cussler and the MSRA. Cussler ended his involvement in 2013, but sent his side scan sonar operator back to Michigan in 2015, 2016, and 2017 to follow some leads discovered by MSRA.

In September 2008, MSRA affiliate Chriss Lyon, investigating the crash of Flight 2501, found an unmarked grave that contains the remains of some of the 58 victims. Valerie van Heest, MSRA co-director and author of the book Fatal Crossing, says human remains from the June 1950 crash into Lake Michigan washed ashore and were buried in a mass grave. She claims they were buried in a St. Joseph-area cemetery without the knowledge of the victims' families, and the grave was never marked.[5] In a 2008 ceremony at the cemetery with 58 family members of Flight 2501, a large black granite marker, donated by Filbrandt Family Funeral Home, was placed in Riverview Cemetery that now lists the names of the 58 and the words "In Memory of Northwest Flight 2501, June 23, 1950. Gone but Never Forgotten."

Another mass burial site was discovered in 2015 at Lakeview Cemetery in South Haven. The site had long been unmarked, until cemetery sexton Mary Ann Frazier and her mother, Beverly Smith, working on a genealogy project, found it. The women contacted van Heest and together they planned a memorial service before the 65th anniversary. Filbrandt organized the service, which was led by pastor Robert Linstrom. St. Joe Monument Works donated a marker for the gravesite; it was delivered to the cemetery a few days before the 65th anniversary of the crash. On Wednesday, June 24, 2015, a remembrance service was held at the grave site. South Haven Mayor Robert Burr, along with Craig Rich from the MSRA, read off all of the 58 victims' names. After each name was read, a bell was rung.[6]

The crash was featured on an episode of the Discovery Channel program Expedition Unknown (season 8, episode 2), which aired on February 12, 2020.[7]

gollark: You can live with one kidney.
gollark: It's durable, easy to manufacture, mostly inert, colorable, and thing 5.
gollark: Plastic is a great material!
gollark: Why are people obßessed with things not feeling "cheap"?
gollark: Thank you for showing me it.

References
  1. "FAA Registry (N95425)". Federal Aviation Administration.
  2. "58 FEARED LOST IN CRASH OF AIRLINER IN LAKE MICHIGAN; HUNT PROVES FUTILE; MANY FROM NEW YORK AREA ARE ABOARD; OIL SLICKS SIGHTED Plane from New York Runs Into Storm While on Trip to the West DIVER SEARCHES IN VAIN Report of 'Wreckage' Untrue --Loss May Be the Worst on Commercial Airlines". The New York Times. June 25, 1950. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  3. Accident description at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 2008-01-27
  4. "The Disappearance of Flight 2501". Michigan Shipwreck Research Associates. Retrieved 2013-11-25.
  5. "New developments in mysterious Michigan plane crash". wzzm13.com. AP. September 12, 2008. Archived from the original on February 9, 2013. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
  6. "New mass grave found for victims of NWA Flight 2501". WZZM 13 News. 2 July 2015. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
  7. "Discovery Channel Show To Study Lake Michigan Plane Crash". News/Talk 94.9 WSJM. Retrieved 2020-02-09.

Further reading
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