Niklaus Grunwald

Niklaus J. Grünwald is an American biologist and plant pathologist born and raised in Caracas, Venezuela of German and Swiss ancestry. He is currently a research scientist with the USDA Agricultural Research Service, a Professor (Courtesy) in the Department of Botany and Plant Pathology at Oregon State University, and a Professor (Adjunct) in the Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology at Cornell University.[1]

Niklaus J. Grünwald
Born
Caracas, Venezuela
NationalityVenezuela
Alma materUC Davis
Scientific career
FieldsBiology, ecology, plant pathology
InstitutionsUSDA Agricultural Research Service
Oregon State University
Cornell University
Websitegrunwaldlab.cgrb.oregonstate.edu

Education

Grünwald obtained a BSc in plant science at University of California, Davis (UC Davis) in 1992. He completed his PhD in ecology and plant pathology in 1997 at UC Davis studying the effect of cover crop decomposition on soil nutrient cycling and soil microbiology.[2][1] He pursued post-doctoral research at Cornell University.

Research

His academic research[3] focuses on the evolution, genomics, and ecology of plant pathogens in the genus Phytophthora and management of the diseases they cause. This pathogen group includes some of the most costly diseases affecting crops and ecosystems.[4][5] These pathogens have well characterized effectors Effector (biology) to circumvent plant host recognition that in the genus Phytophthora include RxLR, Crinkler and other small secreted proteins.[6][7][8][9] Grünwald is best known for providing novel insights into how plant pathogens emerge, methods to study pathogen evolution, particularly when populations are clonal, and characterizing the evolutionary history of Phytophthora pathogens. In collaboration with his student he developed the concept of heattrees to show differential abundance in species (or other hierarchical data like gene expression) in a tree format.[10]

Honors and awards

References
  1. American Phytopathological Society (2015). "Biographical Sketch".
  2. "Pds Sso". Harvest.lib.ucdavis.edu. Retrieved 2015-08-31.
  3. Niklaus Grunwald publications indexed by Google Scholar
  4. Kamoun, S.; Furzer, O.; Jones, J. D. G.; Judelson, H. S.; Ali, G. S.; Dalio, R. J. D.; Roy, S. G.; Schena, L.; Zambounis, A.; Panabières, F.; Cahill, D.; Ruocco, M.; Figueiredo, A.; Chen, X. R.; Hulvey, J.; Stam, R.; Lamour, K.; Gijzen, M.; Tyler, B. M.; Grünwald, N. J.; Mukhtar, M. S.; Tomé, D. F. A.; Tör, M.; Van Den Ackerveken, G.; McDowell, J.; Daayf, F.; Fry, W. E.; Lindqvist-Kreuze, H.; Meijer, H. J. G.; et al. (2015). "The Top 10 oomycete pathogens in molecular plant pathology". Molecular Plant Pathology. 16: 413–434. doi:10.1111/mpp.12190. PMC 6638381. PMID 25178392.
  5. Erwin, Donald C; Ribeiro, Olaf K (1996). Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide. The American Phytopathological Society. ISBN 978-0-89054-212-5.
  6. Tyler, B. M.; Tripathy, S.; Zhang, X.; Dehal, P.; Jiang, R.; Aerts, A.; Arredondo, F.; Baxter, L.; Bensasson, D.; Beynon, J. L.; Chapman, J.; Damasceno, C. M.; Dorrance, A. E.; Dou, D.; Dickerman, A. W.; Dubchak, I. L.; Garbelotto, M.; Gijzen, M.; Gordon, S. G.; Govers, F.; Grunwald, N. J.; Huang, W.; Ivors, K. L.; Jones, R. W.; Kamoun, S.; Krampis, K.; Lamour, K. H.; Lee, M. K.; McDonald, W. H.; Medina, M. (2006). "Phytophthora Genome Sequences Uncover Evolutionary Origins and Mechanisms of Pathogenesis" (PDF). Science. 313 (5791): 1261–1266. doi:10.1126/science.1128796. PMID 16946064.
  7. Haas, B. J.; Kamoun, S.; Zody, M. C.; Jiang, R. H. Y.; Handsaker, R. E.; Cano, L. M.; Grabherr, M.; Kodira, C. D.; Raffaele, S.; Torto-Alalibo, T.; Bozkurt, T. O.; Ah-Fong, A. M. V.; Alvarado, L.; Anderson, V. L.; Armstrong, M. R.; Avrova, A.; Baxter, L.; Beynon, J.; Boevink, P. C.; Bollmann, S. R.; Bos, J. I. B.; Bulone, V.; Cai, G.; Cakir, C.; Carrington, J. C.; Chawner, M.; Conti, L.; Costanzo, S.; Ewan, R.; et al. (2009). "Genome sequence and analysis of the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans". Nature. 461 (7262): 393–8. doi:10.1038/nature08358. PMID 19741609.
  8. Kamoun, S. (2006). "A Catalogue of the Effector Secretome of Plant Pathogenic Oomycetes". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 44: 41–60. doi:10.1146/annurev.phyto.44.070505.143436.
  9. Birch, P. R. J.; Rehmany, A. P.; Pritchard, L.; Kamoun, S.; Beynon, J. L. (2006). "Trafficking arms: Oomycete effectors enter host plant cells". Trends in Microbiology. 14: 8–11. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2005.11.007.
  10. Foster, Zachary S. L.; Sharpton, Thomas J.; Grünwald, Niklaus J.; Poisot, Timothée (21 February 2017). "Metacoder: An R package for visualization and manipulation of community taxonomic diversity data". PLOS Computational Biology. 13 (2): e1005404. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005404. PMC 5340466. PMID 28222096.
  11. "ARS :". Ars.usda.gov. Retrieved 2015-08-31.
  12. "Niklaus J. Grünwald". Apsnet.org. Retrieved 2015-08-31.
  13. "Niklaus J. Grünwald". Apsnet.org. Retrieved 2015-08-31.
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