Nicolas-Sylvestre Bergier

Nicolas-Sylvestre Bergier (French: [bɛʁʒje]; 31 December 1718 – 9 April 1790) was a French Catholic theologian. He was a critic of the philosophes, accusing them in particular of distorting the facts on social life in China and Confucianism.[1]

Portrait of Nicolas-Sylvestre Bergier. Painting from Joseph Aved. Réunion des musées nationaux Grand Palais.

Life

Bergier was born at Darney in Lorraine. After a course of theology in the University of Besançon, he received the degree of doctor, was ordained priest, and went to Paris to finish his studies. Returning to Besançon in 1748, he was given charge of a parish and later became president of the college of the city, which had formerly been under the direction of the Jesuits.

In 1769 the Archbishop of Paris, Christophe de Beaumont, appointed him canon of the cathedral, and from then on Bergier resided at Paris. He died at Versailles.

Works

A pious priest and an energetic student, he devoted a great part of his time to writing in defence of religion. He agreed to correct certain articles of the Encyclopédie, but found himself obliged to write entirely original articles which then formed the Dictionnaire de théologie as a part of the Encyclopédie. The works of Bergier are in the fields of apologetics and theology, except for Les elements primitifs des langues (Besançon, 1764) and L'origine des dieux du paganisme (Paris, 1767).

Among his apologetical and theological works, the most important are:

  • "Le Déisme refuté par lui-même" (Paris, 1765);
  • "La Certitude des preuves du christianisme" (Paris, 1767, also published in Migne's "Démonstrations évangéliques", XI);
  • "Réponses aux Conseils raisonnables de Voltaire" (Paris, 1771, also in Migne, ibid.);
  • "Apologie de la religion chrétienne" - against d'Holbach's "Christianisme devoilé" (Paris, 1769);
  • "Réfutation des principaux articles du dictionnaire philosophique";
  • "Examen du matérialisme" (Paris, 1771);
  • "Traité historique et dogmatique de la vraie religion" (Paris, 1780, and 8 vols. 8vo., 1820).

The Dictionnaire théologique has been often edited, especially by Gousset in 8 vols. (Besançon, 1838) and Migne (Paris, 1850). Some of his writings concerning divorce, the question of the mercy of God and the origin of evil, and one volume of sermons were published after his death.

Notes
  1. Jonathan Israel, Enlightenment Contested (2006), pp. 661-2.
gollark: If you don't have an infographic for that I can't possibly believe it.
gollark: This would displease me. I dislike "cottagecore".
gollark: First aid is valid, but "helping friends with mental and emotional problems" sounds extremely hard to teach. Although I guess that also applies to independent learning and stuff, and the solution is probably to structure stuff such that it arises easily instead of trying to manually teach it.
gollark: Well, that's different to boring adulty things and jobs.
gollark: I see.

References
  • Notice historique, as an introduction to the Dictionnaire theologique, ed. by Migne (Paris, 1850);
  • Ferdinand Janner in Kirchenlexikon, II, 408;
  • Hugo von Hurter, Nomenclator (Innsbruck, 1895), III;
  • Dublanchy in Dict. de theol. cath., s. v.
  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Nicolas-Sylvestre Bergier". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
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