Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal

Netiwit 'Frank' Chotiphatphaisal (Thai: เนติวิทย์ โชติภัทร์ไพศาล; born 10 September 1996) is a Thai student activist, librarian, conscientious objector, publisher, and author. He is also a founder of TERA (Thailand Educational Revolution Alliance) and Education for Liberation of Siam.[1] Both groups aim to reform the Thai education system.

Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal
เนติวิทย์ โชติภัทร์ไพศาล
Born (1996-09-10) 10 September 1996
Bangkok, Thailand
NationalityThai
Height1.70 m (5 ft 7 in)
Websitehttps://netiwit.com
Signature

Netiwit is one of the outspoken activists who against Thai Junta both on his Facebook and in the public. In 2018, the National Council for Peace and Order (NCPO) filed a police complaint against him and six activists for being leaders of the protest[2] and accused them, along with thirty-two other protesters, of violating the 2015 Public Assembly Act.,[3] which might cost him 7 – 9 years in jail.

In 2018, Netiwit was announced as 1 of 50 Asians to watch in public and social sector by the Straits Times as an honor to his social works, especially on democracy, education and military conscription.[4]

Netiwit was also the elected student council president at Chulalongkorn University[5] But he was striped off the position and reduced the behavioural points by university authorities after 2017 Chulalongkorn University incident, even the supports of him by Eight nobel laureates and the academics such as Noam Chomsky, Steven Pinker and many others. However, after he filed a petition with the Court against Chulalongkorn University, then a year later, the administrative court ruled in his favor and his position and behavioural points was returned. [6]

Netiwit is currently studying at Chulalongkorn University, majoring in political science. and a librarian at the Santi Pracha Dhamma Library. In April, 2020, He was voted by students of Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University to be a President of Political Science Student Union of Chulalongkorn University for 2020 - 2021.

Early life

Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal was born 10 September 1996 in Bangkok, Thailand. He is the second child of a middle-class family of shopkeepers, growing up in Samut Prakan Province.[7]

TERA

In 2012, Netiwit and a group of fellow students formed TERA (Thailand Education Revolution Alliance). A student-led organization, TERA aimed to pressure education authorities to reform the Thai education system. This includes abolishing of the strict uniform codes, increasing the quality of teachers and the curriculum, reducing rote-style education, and increasing the number of public schools.[8] Netiwit gained public recognition after appearing on a television program to speak about the organization and its cause.[9]

Education for Liberation of Siam

Education for Liberation of Siam was formed in December 2013 by Netiwit and other student activists. Netiwit serves as the first secretary of the organization. The purpose of the group is to provide a platform for student activism and disseminating questionable actions and misconduct by authority figures in the Thai education system. In 2014, under the secretary general Nattanan Warintarawet, the organization gained prominence for protesting against educational reforms put in place by the Junta.[10][11][12][13]

Activism at Chulalongkorn University

In July 2016, Netiwit and a friend caused controversy by refusing to prostrate before the statue of King Rama V at an annual Chulalongkorn University event citing that King Rama V himself abolished the act. He received both praise and criticism from the act, notably the ire of General Prayut Chan-o-cha, leader of Thailand's junta.[14][15][16] Netiwit has also spoken out against hazing in a common Thai initiation tradition known as "rub nong" (Thai: รับน้อง; RTGS: rap nong; IPA: [ráp nɔ́ːŋ]).[17]

In 2016, Netiwit personally invited activist Joshua Wong to speak at an event commemorating the 1976 Thammasat University massacre. Wong was detained for twelve hours upon entering Thailand but managed to speak to attendees via Skype after being deported.[18][19] In May 2017, Netiwit was elected as Student Council President at Chulalongkorn University.[20][21]

Removal from student council
Main article: 2017 Chulalongkorn University incident

Netiwit and seven other members of the student council walked out of an oath-giving ceremony requiring them to prostrate in front of a statue of King Rama VI in symbolic protest. As a result, one of the members was assaulted by a professor, Reungwit Bunjongrat, and the protesting members had their "behavioural scores" cut by the university as punishment. Subsequently, this led to the members, including Netiwit, being removed from their position on the student council.[22][23] Netiwit has since received support from academics and activists internationally,[24] including the Nobel Prize laureate Roald Hoffmann, the scholar and political activist Noam Chomsky, and the Harvard psychologist Steven Pinker. In January 2018, seven Nobel laureates sent a petition to Chulalongkorn University to appeal for Netiwit and his seven friends and to criticize the university.[25]

In 2019 after he filed a petition with the Court against Chulalongkorn University, the administrative court ruled in his favor since then Chulalongkorn university authority returned his position and behavioural points to him. [6]

Political case

2018 sedition charges

On 25 January 2018, Netiwit joined as an observer in an anti-junta protest organized by the Democracy Restoration Group (DRG) in the subway close to the MBK Center. On 29 January, the National Council for Peace and Order (NCPO) filed a police complaint against him and six activists for being leaders of the protest[2] and accused them, along with thirty-two other protesters, of violating the 2015 Public Assembly Act.[3]

On 8 February, the court released him unconditionally, along with the other thirty-two activists.[26] However, the police sent the appeal to the court, so the case is still not being ruled.

RDN50

On 10 February 2018, Netiwit joined as an observer in an anti-junta protest "Stop power Stop late election time up NCPO. start Democracy" in Mac Donald near Democracy Monument.[27] Next week, he has been accused for violating the 2015 Public Assembly Act and disturbing peace in the country. The case is still not ruled by the court.[28]

ARMY57

On 24 March 2018, Metiwit joined as an activity of Thammasart University and Royal Thai Army.[29] He has been one of the 57 people accusing by the police for violating the 2015 Public Assembly Act and disturbing peace in the country. The case is still not ruled by the court.[30]

UN 62

On 22 May 2018, Netiwit joined as a protester calling the Junta to give the general election to Thai people, and resign from the government. In that day, the protesters went to protest in front of the United Nation headquarter in Bangkok. Netiwit did not go there. However, next week he had been accused by the police for violating the 2015 Public Assembly Act and disturbing peace in the country. The case is still not ruled by the court.[31]

In May 2018, the Humboldt University student council stated the public statement on the official website calling on university leaders and student representatives in Germany to stand with him and asking the Thai government to drop all charges against him and others immediately.[32] [33]

Blocked by Police to be Board Member of Amnesty International Thailand

In 2018, He ran to be board members of Amnesty International Thailand, AIT, and to be elected in the Annual General Meeting 2019 on 21 July 2018. Then, AIT filed a request to the Bangkok Association Registrar to have a replacement of board member. However, the Bangkok Association Registrar informed AIT that they could not register and issue a permit for the registration of all new board members invoking Netiwit’s improper demeanor or lack of qualification to be a member of an Association’s Board. An appeal was filed as a result of which the authority accepted to register the three new board members save for Netiwit. [34]

AIT later filed an appeal with the Minister of Interior furhishing and was further informed that Netiwit was being held criminally liable in four cases for “being complicit in an act to defy the Head of the National Council for Peace and Order no. 3/2558 on “The Maintenance of Public Order and National Security’s Article 12”. The authority therefore deemed the demeanor of him was not fit for the administration of a good association that serves public interest and to set an example for general public and youth. It was deemed his behavior was improper and he was therefore not qualified to sit as a board member of the association since it may affect public order and national security.

The alleged police document leaked to Netiwit in 2020 outlines four points regarding his ‘unsuitable behavior’ from when he was in high school to his time at Chulalongkorn University. [35] [36]

The four points are:

  • insuitable behavior that breaches Thai etiquette and culture (citing his demand to abolish school hair-cut rules when he was in high school)
  • Non-cooperation with military conscription in accordance with the law
  • Leading and/or participating in a protest that would harm Thai diplomatic relations (citing his demonstration in support of Liu Xiaobo and 1989 Tiananmen Square protests)
  • Actions against provisions and litigation

In October 2019, AIT and Netiwit filed a lawsuit with the Administrative Court, the defendants are the registrar for alleged abuse of power in disqualifying Netiwit and Interior Minister Gen Anupong Paochinda for neglect of duty for failing to deliver the appeal result in the stipulated timeframe.


Recognition
  • In 2013, Netiwit had been nominated for a National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) award, but he rejected it, stating that he doubts whether the NHRC really takes the human rights issues seriously.[37]
  • In 2018 Netiwit was invited as one of the speakers at Oslo Freedom Forum 2018, which sponsored by the Human Rights Foundation.[38]
  • In 2018, Netiwit was announced as 1 of 50 Asians to watch in the public and social sector by the Straits Times (Singapore Press) as an honor to his social works, especially on democracy, education and military conscription.[4]

Publishing

After he was stripped of the position of the president of the student council, Netiwit and his colleagues founded Sam Nak Nisit Sam Yan Publishing (SCPH), non-profit publisher, with the aim of publishing students’ books and Thai translations of foreign political and philosophical works concerning with human rights and democratic ideas. In the statement on SCPH website, it emphasizes to bridge knowledge from the ‘east’ and ‘west’ together in order to promote a secure foundation for upholding human rights both in and out of Thailand as well as the mean to strengthen communication between professors, students and the general public.[39]

The first work published by SCPH was the book published during Joshua Wong was in jail due to his conviction overturned by the Hong Kong court in October 2017. The book, Time is on our side: A birthday book for Joshua Wong’, which translated by Netiwit himself, contained translated essays from Martin Luther King Jr. ( Letter from Birmingham Jail) and Liu Xiaobo (Tiananmen Square: The hunger strike declaration, 2 June 1989), as well as a translated interview with Joshua Wong. After that SCPH has published the work of philosopher such as Isaiah Berlin, Liu Xiaobo, Cass Sunstein, Timothy Snyder, Vaclav Havel, Rebecca Solnit as well as many activism work.[40]

Joshua Wong, a prominent activist, said about the publishing as ‘Sam Nak Nisit Samyang Publishing offers to youngsters of Thai a lesson on how to confront authoritarian oppression under a hard-line policy of the regime’[39]

Writing and Translating

Netiwit has written many books on the Thai education he experienced in general and his school in particular; His well-known book is ‘A Bad Student In an Excellent Educational System’ concerning his struggle in high school. He also wrote the opinion on Thai politics, and on Chinese abusing human rights of Uighurs, Hong Kong and Tibetans. In 2018, he wrote a pamphlet called ‘I Can Love My Country Without Having to be Drafted’ explaining why he think the enforced conscription in Thailand is obsolete.[41] Netiwit translated Martin Luther King Jr.'s Letter from Birmingham Jail and Liu Xiaobo's Second June Hunger Strike Declaration to raise funds for the twenty-first birthday of his friend Joshua Wong, who was in jail at the time. Netiwit has also worked with his friends to translate a selection of Isaiah Berlin's essays into Thai and sent it to Deputy Police Commissioner Pol General Srivara Ransibrahmanakul which charged Netiwit with false PR.[42] He also translated ‘On Tyranny’ by Timothy Snyder as well as work of Vaclav Havel, Thomas Paine, Noam Chomsky and Tony Judt. Netiwit stated his opinion against Chinese abusing human rights of minorities he launched his Thai translated book 'I Have No Enemies' the first collected essays of the late Liu Xiaobo, Chinese dissidents, in which Joshua Wong and Perry Link wrote the foreword, and translated work on Uighur devastating situation in China.[43]

Bibliography

Books written
  • ให้เธอไว้อ่านเล่น:คำประกาศความเป็นไทในโรงเรียน (2014)[44]
  • ประวัติศาสตร์ที่อยากอธิบาย (2015)[45]
  • นักเรียนเลวในระบบการศึกษาแสนดี (2016)[46]
  • โลกเปลี่ยน โรงเรียนต้องเปลี่ยน (2017)[47]
  • ประเทศไทยเปลี่ยน เกณฑ์ทหารต้องเปลี่ยน (2018)[48]
  • ฝันให้ไกล ไปให้ถึง: ประชาธิปไตยในระดับนิสิตนักศึกษา (2018)[49]
  • เอาชีวิตรอดในจุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย (2018)

Books translation
  • เวลาอยู่ข้างเรา: หนังสือวันเกิดโจชัว หว่อง (Time is on Our Side: A Book for Joshua Wong's 21st Birthday) แปลโดย เนติวิทย์ โชติภัทร์ไพศาล และภวัต อัครพิพัฒนา (กรุงเทพฯ: มูลนิธิเสฐียรโกเศศ-นาคะประทีป, 2017)[50]
  • แด่ศตวรรษของเรา: ความเรียงสามชิ้นของไอเซยา เบอร์ลิน (Messages to Our Century: Three Essays of Isaiah Berlin) แปลโดย เนติวิทย์ โชติภัทร์ไพศาล ชยางกูร ธรรมอัน และธรณ์เทพ มณีเจริญ (กรุงเทพฯ: มูลนิธิเสฐียรโกเศศ-นาคะประทีป, 2018)[51]
  • ว่าด้วยทรราชย์: 20 บทเรียนจากศตวรรษที่ 20 (On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century) โดย ทิโมธี สไนเดอร์ แปลโดย เนติวิทย์ โชติภัทร์ไพศาล และชยางกูร ธรรมอัน บรรณาธิการแปลโดย วริตตา ศรีรัตนา (กรุงเทพฯ: สำนักพิมพ์สำนักนิสิตสามย่าน, 2018)[52]
  • ตัวข้าไซร้ ไร้ศัตรู: บทความคัดสรรของหลิว เสี่ยวโป (I Have No Enemies: Selected Essays of Liu Xiaobo) โดย หลิว เสี่ยวโป แปลโดย เนติวิทย์ โชติภัทร์ไพศาล ชยางกูร และคณะ (กรุงเทพฯ: สำนักพิมพ์สำนักนิสิตสามย่าน, 2018)
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  25. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-02-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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  27. No.5, Admin (14 March 2018). "เนติวิทย์รับทราบข้อหาคดีคนอยากเลือกตั้งราชดำเนิน". tlhr2014.com. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
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  34. AIT (2020). "An Explaination about the Case". www.amnesty.or.th//. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  35. James Wilson and Cod Satrusayang (2020). "Student activist said his rejection from Amnesty youth board was due to conservative Thai police document". www.thaienquirer.com/. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  36. "Thailand: Conscientious objector blocked NGO board membership by the Thai Ministry of Interior". www.wri-irg.org/. 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
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  38. Forum, Oslo Freedom. "Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal - Speakers". Oslo Freedom Forum. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  39. "About".
  40. "Activists".
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  42. "Srivara files complaint against Netiwit over book promotion". www.nationthailand.com.
  43. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2019-03-28. Retrieved 2019-06-12.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  44. "คำประกาศความเป็นไทในโรงเรียน / เนติวิทย์ โชติภัทร์ไพศาล". tu.ac.th. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  45. "ประวัติศาสตร์ที่อยากอธิบาย". www.goodreads.com. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
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  47. "WAY to READ: โลกเปลี่ยน โรงเรียนต้องเปลี่ยน - waymagazine.org - นิตยสาร WAY". waymagazine.org. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  48. "สั่งซื้อหนังสือ "ประเทศไทยเปลี่ยน เกณฑ์ทหารต้องเปลี่ยน"". Google Docs. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  49. ""ข้อเสนอเรื่องการไหว้ครูของเนติวิทย์" มองการบังคับทำลายความสัมพันธ์ที่แท้จริง". https://www.posttoday.com. Retrieved 10 May 2019. External link in |website= (help)
  50. "Foreword - NETIWIT CHOTIPHATPHAISAL - NETIWIT NTW". netiwit.com. 4 March 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  51. "Essays" (PDF). berlin.wolf.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  52. "ว่าด้วยทรราชย์". www.goodreads.com. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
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