Navon figure

A Navon figure is made of a larger recognisable shape, such as a letter, composed of copies of a smaller different shape. Navon figures are used in tests of visual neglect.[1] David Navon's research demonstrated that global features are perceived more quickly than local features.[2] Jules Davidoff also performed research, but in a remote culture, finding opposite results; the participants more readily identified the local features.[3] Patients with simultanagnosia have difficulty identifying global features, and when presented with a Navon figure will identify only the local features.[4] In a recent study comparing global-local processing in different races,[5] it was found that East Asians demonstrated significantly stronger global processing than Caucasians.

Example

A letter T (global) composed of repeat copies of the letter S (local).

 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
 SS        SSSSS        SS
           SSSSS
           SSSSS
           SSSSS
           SSSSS
           SSSSS
           SSSSS
          SSSSSSS
       SSSSSSSSSSSSS

The Navon effect

Reading Navon figures has been found to affect a range of tasks. It has been shown that just 5 minutes reading out the small letters of Navon figures has a detrimental effect on face recognition.[6][7] The size of the Navon effect has been found to be influenced by the properties of the image.[8] The effect is short lived (lasting less than a couple of minutes).[9]

The Navon effects has also been found in other tasks such as golf putting where reading the small Navon letters leads to poorer putting performance.[10]

gollark: An optimized™ font would just directly convert the bytes to raw pixel values.
gollark: They aren't very efficient at it.
gollark: Nobody is participating?!
gollark: Also, who has NOT finished?
gollark: You use fonts, instead of just converting the text data to patterns of colors and downloading it directly into your brain?

See also

References
  1. Assessing Attention in Unilateral Neglect
  2. Navon, 1977 cited in (1)
  3. Davidoff, J.; E. Fonteneau; J. Fagot (Sep 2008). "Local and global processing: Observations from a remote culture". Cognition. 108 (3): 702–709. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2008.06.004. PMID 18662813.
  4. Simultanagnosia, 2009
  5. McKone, E.; Davies, A.A.; Fernando, D.; Aalders, R.; Leung, H.; Wickramariyaratne, T.; Platow, M.J. (July 2010). "Asia has the global advantage: Race and visual attention". Vision Research. 50 (16): 1540–1549. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2010.05.010. PMID 20488198.
  6. Macrae, C. N.; Lewis, H. L. (2002). "Do I know you? Processing orientation and face recognition". Psychological Science. 13 (2): 194–196. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00436. PMID 11934008.
  7. Perfect, Timothy J. (2003-10-01). "Local processing bias impairs lineup performance". Psychological Reports. 93 (2): 393–394. doi:10.2466/pr0.2003.93.2.393. ISSN 0033-2941. PMID 14650660.
  8. Perfect, Timothy J.; Weston, Nicola J.; Dennis, Ian; Snell, Amelia (2008-10-01). "The effects of precedence on Navon-induced processing bias in face recognition". The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 61 (10): 1479–1486. doi:10.1080/17470210802034678. ISSN 1747-0218. PMID 18609403.
  9. Hills, Peter J.; Lewis, Michael B. (2007-04-01). "Temporal limitation of navon effect on face recognition". Perceptual and Motor Skills. 104 (2): 501–509. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.606.8985. doi:10.2466/pms.104.2.501-509. ISSN 0031-5125. PMID 17566440.
  10. Lewis, Michael B.; Dawkins, Gemma (2014-08-08). "Local Navon letter processing affects skilled behavior: A golf-putting experiment" (PDF). Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 22 (2): 420–428. doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0702-6. ISSN 1069-9384.
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