Nadey Hakim

Nadey S. Hakim FRCS FRCSI FACS FASMBS (born April 1958), is a British-Lebanese professor of transplantation surgery at Imperial College London, general surgeon, bariatric surgeon, writer, musician and sculptor, best known for kidney and pancreas transplantations, and being part of the surgical team that performed the world's first hand transplantation in 1998 and then the double arm transplantation in 2000. A number of his sculptures are on display around the world, including President Macron at the Élysée Palace in Paris, Pope Francis at the Vatican, Michelangelos David in the Madonna del Parto Museum collection, and Kim Jong-un at the Pyongyang Museum in North Korea.

Nadey S. Hakim

FRCS FRCSI FACS FASMBS
Nadey Hakim, 2020
BornApril 1958
NationalityBritish, Lebanese
Education
Years active1984–
Known for
Medical career
ProfessionSurgeon
Institutions
Sub-specialties
Awards
  • Lauréat de la Faculté de Médecine de Paris
  • J. Wesley Alexander Prize
  • Makhzoumi Foundation Prize for Medicine
  • Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur
WebsiteOfficial website

After graduating in medicine from Paris Descartes University and completing his surgical training and Fellowships from Guy's Hospital in London, the Mayo Clinic and the University of Minnesota in the States, the Soviet Union and University College London, he became appointed to St Mary's Hospital where in 1995, he performed London's first pancreas transplantation. He was part of the team that performed the first kidney transplantation in the Arab world in 2003, during the Iraq War, and later developed a kidney transplant technique using an unusually small 2.5 cm incision. The procedure was depicted in Henry Ward's 2010 painting The 'Finger-Assisted' Nephrectomy of Professor Nadey Hakim', commissioned to raise awareness of legal organ donations. Subsequently, in 2013, he performed the first kidney transplantation in Abuja, Nigeria.

Following an 'unfair' dismissal by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust in 2015, he was reinstated in 2016 after a tribunal. In the same year, he received the Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur at a ceremony held at the French Embassy in London. The following year, Imperial appointed him as their president's envoy. Between 2018 and 2019, he became Visiting Professor of Surgery at the Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade, and received an Honorary Doctorate from the Beirut Arab University and a Doctor of Arts degree from the University of Bolton.

His role in writing and editing have included producing more than 23 textbooks and over 150 peer-reviewed papers, being editor-in-chief of International Surgery and an editorial board member for Transplantation Proceedings and Graft. In his role in global health issues, he has been involved in collaborations tackling disease in Africa and has continued with raising the issue of the risks of unregulated trade in organ donation.

As a musician, he plays the clarinet and has featured in performances of the hymn 'Jerusalem', dedicated to the children of Lebanon, and in A Time Remembered as a tribute to Air France pilot, Michel Bacos.

Early life and education

Nadey S. Hakim was born in April 1958[1] into a Christian family in Lebanon, where as a teenager, he witnessed the war. He later recalled that while the city was under fire from bombs and rockets, "the thing I used to do was put my headphones on and listen to music because I played the clarinet. Schools were closed… We didn’t think we would survive."[2] He spent this time reading and learning languages, eventually nine in all including French, Italian, German, Russian, Arabic, Hebrew and Japanese,[1] and fled Lebanon before completing school.[2] He was inspired by his father.[3]

Career
Paris Descartes University: Faculté de Medecine

Hakim is a laureate of Cochin Port Royal Hospital Medical School and received his MD from Paris Descartes University in 1984.[4] He subsequently began his surgical training at Guy's Hospital, London.[5]

In 1988, he completed a fellowship in gastrointestinal surgery from the Mayo Clinic,[1][5] before gaining an International College of Surgeons (ICS) travelling scholarship to the Soviet Union in 1989,[1][6] and then returning to London to finish his thesis on intestinal transplantation and receive his PhD from University College London in 1991.[1][5] In 1993, he completed his surgical training at Guy's, before being awarded a fellowship in transplantation at the University of Minnesota, which he completed in 1995.[1][5]

St Mary's hospital in london

In 1995, he performed London's first pancreas transplantation at St Mary's Hospital[7][8][9] and began the first pancreas transplant programme in South East England.[5][10]

Limb transplantation

Hakim had hoped that the world’s first hand transplantation would be performed in London.[11] Instead, representing Britain,[12] in September 1998, then working at St Mary's Hospital, London, he joined the team led by Jean-Michel Dubernard at the Édouard Herriot Hospital in Lyon, that then performed the world's first hand transplantation, an operation that took 14 hours. The recipient of the donor hand, Clint Hallam, failed to follow aftercare directions and later requested that the transplanted hand be removed.[13][14] Hakim amputated the hand in February 2001 in London.[15][16]

In 2000, he was one of 20 surgeons led by Dubernard, involved in the transplantation of two arms on a 33 year old French man who lost both his arms in an explosive accident fours years earlier.[17]

Kidney transplantation

One of the surgeons who inspired Hakim and whom he met, was the American Joseph Murray, who performed the first successful kidney transplantation in 1954, an operation involving two identical twins and the donor being live.[18]

In an article in Experimental and Clinical Transplantation (2016), Hakim recalled being invited to Yemen by professor Hussain Al Kaff to visit Aden, Yemen to attend the first International Yemeni Conference on Nephro-Urology in March 2003, during the Iraq War.[19] During the visit, a Saudi team led by Faissal Shaheen from the Saudi Centre for Organ Transplantation, together with the Austrians, Robert Fitzgerald, Felix Stockenhuber and Annilies Fitzgerald, and Hakim who led Al Kaff's doctors from Aden, performed 10 operations, consisting of five living related kidney transplantations in one sitting over 20 hours, despite political instability and its near abandonment. These were the first kidney transplantations in the Arab world, which, as a result, led to the establishment of The Arab European Foundation, with the mission "to help poor Arab countries" and the motto of "poverty should not be a barrier to health or education!".[20][21][22]

Hammersmith Hospital, London

During Hakim's appointment as surgical director of the West London Renal and Transplant Centre at Hammersmith Hospital, he developed a kidney transplant technique using an unusually small 2.5 cm incision.[23][24] In 2010 the procedure was depicted in a painting commissioned to raise awareness of legal organ donations, titled "The 'Finger-Assisted' Nephrectomy of Professor Nadey Hakim'", by Henry Ward, and was exhibited at the National Portrait Gallery, London, as part of the BP Portrait Awards.[25][26]

As adjunct professor of transplantation surgery at Imperial College London,[27] in November 2013, he performed the first kidney transplant at the Garki Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria.[28][29] Over the subsequent five days, a total of eight living related kidney transplantations were performed at the hospital, and all using the finger assisted technique.[19]

In 2016, following a dispute about him operating on two private patients and an NHS patient on the same day in 2013, resulting in a subsequent suspension in 2014 and dismissal in 2015, he was reinstated by the Trust after a tribunal concluded that the dismissal was “unfair”.[12][30][31]<[32]

Other roles

Hakim has been an advisor on transplantation issues to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence[23] and has been an examiner for the Royal College of Surgeons of England.[33] His private practice is in Harley Street.[2][23] As a bariatric surgeon, he is a member of The International Bariatric Surgery Review Committee (IBSRC) 2010.[33]

He has worked with a number of journals including editor-in-chief of International Surgery, and as editorial board member for Transplantation Proceedings and Graft,[5] and for the International Journal of Organ Transplantation Medicine.[34] He has edited or authored more than 23 textbooks[9] and published over 150 peer-reviewed papers.[35] With Jean-Michel Dubernard, and Earl Owen, he co-edited the textbook Composite Tissue Allograft. It included an introduction by Sir Roy Calne.[36] He co-edited the book Surgical Complications: Diagnosis and Treatment, which was reviewed by Sir Harold Ellis.[37]

Hakim also plays a political role as a supporter of the Conservative party[30] and has been involved in global health issues including the issue of 'black market organs' and the risks of the unregulated trade in organ donation.[38][39] He has also been involved in collaborations tackling disease in Africa.[40][41]

Art and music
Replica of Michelangelo's David, Nadey Hakim - Monterchi, Italy (2016)

He is a portrait sculptor and in 2016 was winner of the Baron's Prize, Medical Art Society.[3] Hakims list of busts include:

Having learnt to play the clarinet as a child, he continues to play and has recorded a number of CDs.[2] Some pieces have been conducted and performed with composer and multi-instrumentalist, Darryl John Kennedy. The Wisconsin television programme “Look-In”, featured them both performing the hymn Jerusalem, on a CD entitled A Promise for Peace and dedicated to the children of Lebanon.[50] Together, they also performed A Time Remembered, as a tribute to Air France pilot, Michel Bacos.[51]

Awards and honours

In 1989, during his travelling scholarship to the Soviet, Hakim was elected a member of the Soviet Surgical Society.[6] He has been awarded honorary professorships from the universities of Lyon, Peru, Ankara and São Paulo, and has been a visiting professor to several universities including Harvard University and the Cleveland Clinic.[4] He has been president of the section of transplantation of the Royal Society of Medicine[1][9][10] and between 2014 and 2016 was the Society's vice president.[4]

On 4 December 2008, at the World Congress of the ICS,[52] of which he was previously a president,[1][26] Hakim was appointed the first Max Thorek Professor of Surgery, an endowed Chair of Surgery set up in the name of Max Thorek who founded the ICS.[52] In 2010, he was awarded the Bailiff Grand Cross Order of St John of Jerusalem.[53] He became the 35th President of the ICS.[4]

In January 2016, he was appointed to the rank of Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur by President Francois Hollande.[3] The ceremony was held at the French Embassy in London, where he received commendations from both Secretary of State for Health at the time Jeremy Hunt and French ambassador Sylvie Bermann.[12] He was elected vice president of Conservative Health April 2016.[54][55] In June 2017 he was appointed as president's Envoy of Imperial College London and he was also appointed vice-president of the International Medical Sciences Academy.[27]

In March 2018, Hakim was appointed as Visiting Professor of Surgery at the Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade.[56] At this same ceremony, the new book Surgery for Benign Oesophageal Disorders was officially promoted.[56] The following month, he was appointed as Ambassador to the All-party parliamentary group for diabetes.[57] In the same year, he received an Honorary Doctorate from the Beirut Arab University at its 59th anniversary.[58] In 2019, he received a Doctor of Arts degree for his contribution to aesthetics from the University of Bolton.[48]

Family and personal life

Hakim married Nicole[8] and they have four children.[3]

Selected publications

Books
  • Enteric Physiology of the Transplanted Intestine. R. G. Landes, Austin, Texas (1994). ISBN 1570590109. Co-edited with Michael G. Sarr
  • Transplantation Surgery. Springer Verlag, London (2001). doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-3689-7 ISBN 9781849968591. Co-edited with Gabriel Danovitch
  • Pancreas and Islet Transplantation. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2002). ISBN 9780199565863. Co-edited with Robert J. Stratta, Peter Friend and Alan Colman
  • Surgical Complications: Diagnosis and Treatment. Imperial College Press, London (2007). ISBN 9781860946929. Co-edited with Vassilios E. Papalois
  • Composite Tissue Allograft. Imperial College Press, London (2006). ISBN 1-86094-651-8. Co-edited with Jean-Michel Dubernard, Earl Owen
  • Artifial Organs. Springer-Verlag London (2009). doi:10.1007/978-1-84882-283-2. ISBN 978-1-84882-281-8.
  • Living Related Transplantation. Imperial College Press, London (2010). ISBN 978-1-84816-497-0. Co-edited with Ruben Canelo and Vassilios Papalois
  • Bariatric Surgery. Imperial College Press, London (2011). ISBN 9781848165885. Co-edited with Franco Favretti, Bruno Dilemans and Gianni Segato

Book chapters

Articles
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References
  1. Curriculum Vitae: Professor Nadey Hakim. Nadey Hakim, 2016. Imperial College. Accessed 10 November 2019.
  2. "Molded by Civil War, a Leading Lebanese Surgeon's Advice: Never Stop Trying, Never Be Afraid". Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. 2 April 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
  3. ABPL (30 December 2016). "Professor Nadey S. Hakim". www.asian-voice.com. Asian Voice. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
  4. "BAU - Beirut Arab University | Honorary Doctorates". www.bau.edu.lb. Beirut Arab University. 2019. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
  5. "Professor Nadey S. Hakim, KGSJ, MD, PHD, FRCS, FRCSI, FACS, FICS". www.medicsight.com. 2002. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
  6. "Membership of the Soviet Surgical Society": 93. PMC 2499056. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. Banks, Emily (10 December 2015). "Leading surgeon wins case for unfair dismissal". Hampstead Highgate Express. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
  8. Ross Lydall (December 10, 2015). "Sacked surgeon: my name's been cleared... now I want my job back". Evening Standard. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
  9. Mark Duell (December 2, 2015). "Pioneering transplant surgeon, 57, fights for his job after getting sacked for delaying surgery to an NHS patient in favour of a private client, tribunal hears". Daily Mail. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
  10. "Arabic Speaking doctors in london - London4Arabs". london4arabs.com. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  11. Highfield, Roger (12 December 2005). "Britain 'threw away lead in face race'". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  12. Lydall, Ross (17 June 2016). "Medal of honour for top surgeon who fought to win NHS job back". Evening Standard. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  13. "Surgeon agrees to sever transplant hand". BBC News. 21 October 2000. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  14. Maugh, Thomas H. (15 October 1998). "Operational Ethics". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  15. Lawrence K. Altman (27 February 2001). "The Doctor's World; A Short, Speckled History Of a Transplanted Hand". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  16. "Doctor who performed world's first hand transplant recalls complicated surgery, strange aftermath". CBC radio. 24 September 2014. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  17. Blackstock, Colin (15 January 2000). "British surgeon in pioneer two-arm transplant". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  18. "Al Jazeera speaks to Dr. Nadey Hakim: Interview". Al Jazeera. 2012. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
  19. Hakim, Nadey S.; Miner, Elijah; Hakim, David; El Tayyar, Adil (November 2016). "Kidney Transplant in Third World Countries". Experimental and Clinical Transplantation. 14 (3): 19–20. PMID 27805504.
  20. Sayyari, Abdulla Ahmed Al (2008-06-01). "The History of Renal Transplantation in the Arab World: A View From Saudi Arabia". American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 51 (6): 1033–1046. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.01.016. ISSN 0272-6386. PMID 18423811.
  21. Fitzgerald, Robert D.; Stockenhuber, Felix; Fitzgerald, Annelies (2005). "Dealing with the Uncertain and the Unexpected: A Report on the First Kidney Transplantations in Aden, Republic of Yemen". Annals of Transplantation. 1 (1): 44–47. PMID 15926752.
  22. Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation; Masri, Marwan; Haberal, Mehmet (10 May 2013). "Solid-Organ Transplant Activity in MESOT Countries". Experimental and Clinical Transplantation. 11 (Supp 1): 1–8. doi:10.6002/ect.2013.ecte3b.
  23. Sarah Knapton (February 26, 2015). "Surgeon sacked for 'postponing NHS operation to treat a private patient'". Telegraph. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
  24. Service, Guardian News (16 March 2010). "Revolutionising kidney transplants". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
  25. "Picture of the Week" (PDF). British Medical Journal. 341. 7 August 2010.
  26. "The International College of Surgeons Announces the Unveiling of "The Finger Assisted Nephrectomy" Painting at the House of Lords". www.businesswire.com. 11 June 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
  27. "Home - Nadey Hakim: Central Faculty, Office of the President". www.imperial.ac.uk. Imperial College, London. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  28. Okafor, Judd-Leonard (17 November 2013). "Nigeria: Garki Hospital's First Kidney Transplant". All Africa. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  29. Sayyari, Abdulla Ahmed Al (2008-06-01). "The History of Renal Transplantation in the Arab World: A View From Saudi Arabia". American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 51 (6): 1033–1046. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.01.016. ISSN 0272-6386. PMID 18423811.
  30. Hellen, Nicholas (10 January 2016). "NHS surgeon says sacking was linked to his support for Tories". The Sunday Times. ISSN 0956-1382. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  31. Clover, Ben (14 March 2016). "Updated: Judge orders trust to re-employ surgeon after private work row". Health Service Journal. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  32. PmLaw (21 December 2015). "Top transplant surgeon wins unfair dismissal case". PM Law Solicitors. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  33. "Prof. Nadey Hakim". Weymouth Street Hospital. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  34. "International Journal of OrganTransplantation: People". www.ijotm.com. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  35. "Home - Professor Nadey S. Hakim". www.drhak.im. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
  36. Kirk, A. D. (2007). "Book review: Composite Tissue Allograft". American Journal of Transplantation. 7 (4): 1036. doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01707.x. ISSN 1600-6143.
  37. Ellis, Harold (8 September 2007). "Blade runners". BMJ : British Medical Journal. 335 (7618): 515. doi:10.1136/bmj.39317.669213.4E. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1971212.
  38. Laurance, Jeremy (6 October 2006). "Legalise organ sales to ease severe shortage, says transplant surgeon". The Independent. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  39. Dyer, Owen (31 May 2003). "Surgeon calls for legalisation of payment to kidney donors". British Medical Journal. 326 (7400): 1164–c–0. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7400.1164-c. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1174764. PMID 12775599.
  40. Jones, Stephen (21 February 2019). "Sudan collaborations could help tackle disease in Africa | Imperial News | Imperial College London". Imperial News. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  41. Charani, Esmita; Cunnington, Aubrey J.; Yousif, AlaEldin H. A.; Ahmed, Mohammed Seed; Ahmed, Ammar E. M.; Babiker, Souad; Badri, Shahinaz; Buytaert, Wouter; Crawford, Michael A.; Elbashir, Mustafa I.; Elhag, Kamal (1 August 2019). "In transition: current health challenges and priorities in Sudan". BMJ Global Health. 4 (4): e001723. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001723. ISSN 2059-7908. PMC 6730568. PMID 31543996.
  42. Bragagni, Maurizio (14 September 2016). "British sculptor-surgeon's art sat alongside priceless Italian Renaissance Fresco". Medium. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
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  44. Gulliver, John (2 March 2018). "The kidney transplant surgeon with a passion for carving busts". Camden New Journal. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
  45. Gulliver, John (22 November 2018). "I bring Kim and Moon closer together". Camden New Journal. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  46. "Surgeon who sculpted Kim Jong Un and the Queen honoured by the university". Inside.UoB. 18 July 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  47. "Leading surgeon shows an artistic touch with statue tribute to pope - 24/7 Catholic News". The home of Catholic news and comment from the UK. 18 June 2017. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
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  56. Prof. Nadey Hakim Inaugurated into the Honorary Visiting Professor of Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade. HRH Crown Princess Katherine Foundation (8 March 2018).
  57. "Professor Nadey Hakim advises on diabetes and gains honour in Belgrade". S&C Staff Blog. 2018-04-25. Retrieved 2019-06-26.
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