Carpathian Romani

Carpathian Romani, also known as Central Romani or Romungro Romani, is a group of dialects of the Romani language spoken from southern Poland to Hungary, and from eastern Austria to Ukraine.

Carpathian Romani
Central Romani
Native to	Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria, Ukraine, Slovenia
Native speakers	150,000 in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Ukraine (2001 & 2011 censuses)[1]
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Central Zone Romani Carpathian Romani
Language codes
ISO 639-3	rmc
Glottolog	carp1235[2]

North Central Romani is one of a dozen of major dialect groups within Romani, an Indo-Aryan language of Europe. The North Central dialects of Romani are traditionally spoken by some subethnic groups of the Romani people in Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia (with the exception of its southwestern and south-central regions), southeastern Poland, the Transcarpathia province of Ukraine, and parts of Romanian Transylvania. There are also established outmigrant communities of North Central Romani speakers in the United States, and recent outmigrant communities in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Belgium, and some other Western European countries.

Dialects

Elšík [3] uses this classification and dialect examples (geographical information from Matras [4]):

Sub-group	Dialect	Place
Northern Central	Bohemian	Czech Republic (extinct after Porajmos)
	West Slovak	Slovakia
	East Slovak	Slovakia, Czech Republic
	South Polish	Poland
Gurvari	Gurvari	Hungary [5]
Southern Central	Romungro	Hungary
	Roman	Austria
	Vend	Hungary, Slovenia

Bibliography

• Boretzky, Norbert. 1999. Die Gliederung der Zentralen Dialekte und die Beziehungen zwischen Südlichen Zentralen Dialekten (Romungro) und Südbalkanischen Romani-Dialekten. In: Halwachs, Dieter W. and Florian Menz (eds.) Die Sprache der Roma. Perspektiven der Romani-Forschung in Österreich im interdisziplinären und internazionalen Kontext. Klagenfurt: Drava. 210–276.
• Elšík, Viktor, Milena Hübschmannová, and Hana Šebková. 1999. The Southern Central (ahi-imperfect) Romani dialects of Slovakia and northern Hungary. In: Halwachs, Dieter W. and Florian Menz (eds.) Die Sprache der Roma. Perspektiven der Romani-Forschung in Österreich im interdisziplinären und internazionalen Kontext. Klagenfurt: Drava. 277–390.
• Elšík, Viktor. 2003. Interdialect contact of Czech (and Slovak) Romani varieties. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 162, 41–62.
• Elšík, Viktor, and Yaron Matras. 2006. Markedness and language change: The Romani sample. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

References

1. Carpathian Romani at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Central Romani". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
3. Elšík, Viktor (1999). "Dialect variation in Romani personal pronouns" (PDF). p. 2. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
4. Matras, Yaron (2002). Romani: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-02330-0
5. "ROMLEX: Romani Dialects". romani.uni-graz.at.