Mhadalem

Mhadalem (Konkani: म्हादळें) is a Goan percussion instrument.[1] It is a baked clay cylinder covered with monitor lizard skin at both ends.[2] The mhadalem is in danger of dying out and being lost as its use is declining. It has to some extent been replaced by the pakhavaj.[3] Since the gar or monitor lizard whose skin is used as the membrane of the drum is endangered and cannot be hunted, goat skin is sometimes used instead as the membrane, as is happening with the ghumot.[4]

References and Notes
  1. Couto, Maria (2005). Goa: A Daughter's Story. Penguin Books India. p. 275. ISBN 9780143033431.
  2. "Percussion Instruments of Goa, Information on Percussion Instruments of Goa, About Instruments of Goa". www.goaholidayhomes.com. Retrieved 2019-04-06.
  3. Sá, Mário Cabral e (1997). Wind of fire: the music and musicians of Goa. Promilla & Co. p. 127. ISBN 9788185002194.
  4. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/She-goat-skin-gets-a-thumbs-up/articleshow/40861279.cms
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