Mellissia

Mellissia was formerly a monotypic genus in the family Solanaceae with the single species, Mellissia begoniifolia (Saint Helena boxwood), , endemic to the island of Saint Helena. It was named by Joseph Dalton Hooker in honour of John Charles Melliss, a 19th-century engineer and amateur naturalist who worked on Saint Helena. The plant is now known correctly as Withania begoniifolia (Roxb.) Hunz. & Barboza, the genus Mellissia having been subsumed in the genus Withania.[1]

Saint Helena boxwood

Critically Endangered  (IUCN 2.3)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Subfamily: Solanoideae
Tribe: Physaleae
Genus: Mellissia
Hook.f.
Species:
M. begoniifolia
Binomial name
Mellissia begoniifolia
(Roxb.) Hook. f.

The plant formerly known as Mellissia begoniifolia is notable for the subcampanulate calyx which encloses the white corolla, and is strongly accrescent in fruit, as in certain species of Physalis e.g. Physalis philadelphica. Like Physalis, the species belongs to tribe Physaleae of the Solanaceae, but (within that tribe) to subtribe Withaninae, not Physalinae.

The plant was long thought to be extinct but a small population was discovered in 1998 by Stedson Stroud. As of 2011, it was considered "effectively extinct in the wild" by experts at Kew Botanical Garden because there were no longer any flowering plants left in the wild. Only one adult plant was left by 2010, and it was under extreme stress due to drought and pests. That plant died, but some seedlings sprouted from 2011 rains. The survival of the seedlings is questionable.[2]

See also

Flora of St Helena

References
  1. Kew: Plants of the World Online http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/?q=Mellissia+begoniifolia. Retrieved 23.46pm on Wednesday 8/4/20
  2. "Mellissia begoniifolia (St Helena boxwood)". Kew Plants & Fungi. Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on 5 October 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2011.

Further reading
  • Cronk, Q.C.B. (1995) The endemic Flora of St Helena. Anthony Nelson Ltd., Oswestry.


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