Matthiola

Matthiola (/ˌmæθiˈoʊlə/,[1] syn. Mathiola R.Br.), is a genus of flowering plants in the mustard family. It was named after Pietro Andrea Mattioli. This genus contains about 48[2] to 50 species[3][4] of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants and subshrubs. Many are cultivated for their heavily scented, colorful flowers.

Matthiola incana

Matthiola fruticulosa ssp. fruticulosa

Matthiola incana

Matthiola
Matthiola sp. (artist: Sarah Ann Drake)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Brassicales
Family:	Brassicaceae
Genus:	Matthiola W.T.Aiton
Species
See text

Wild Matthiola, Behbahan

Matthiola in Behbahan

The common name stock may be applied to the whole genus, more specifically to varieties and cultivars of Matthiola incana. The common names evening stock and night-scented stock are applied to varieties of Matthiola longipetala (syn. M. bicornis).[5] The common name Virginia stock refers to a separate genus of the same family (Malcolmia maritima).

Matthiola longipetala

Matthiola maderensis

Matthiola tricuspidata

Species

Matthiola acaulis Matthiola adenophora Matthiola afghanica Matthiola albicaulis Matthiola alyssifolia Matthiola anchoniifolia Matthiola anchusoides Matthiola angulosa Matthiola annua Matthiola anoplia Matthiola arabica Matthiola arborescens Matthiola aspera Matthiola australis Matthiola biennis Matthiola boissieri Matthiola bolleana Matthiola bucharica Matthiola capiomontiana Matthiola carnica Matthiola caspica Matthiola chenopodifolia Matthiola chenopodiifolia Matthiola chorassanica Matthiola circinnata Matthiola clausonis Matthiola codringtonii Matthiola coronopifolia Matthiola crassifolia Matthiola crucigera Matthiola czerniakowskae Matthiola daghestanica Matthiola damascena Matthiola deflexa Matthiola dentata Matthiola deserticola Matthiola dimolehensis Matthiola dimorpha Matthiola dumulosa Matthiola elliptica Matthiola erlangeriana Matthiola euboea Matthiola exigua Matthiola farinosa Matthiola fasciculata Matthiola fenestralis Matthiola fischeri Matthiola flavida Matthiola fragrans Matthiola fruticulosa (syn, M. tristis) - sad stock Matthiola ghorana Matthiola glabra Matthiola glabrata Matthiola glandulosa Matthiola glutinosa Matthiola graeca Matthiola graminea Matthiola hesperoides Matthiola humilis Matthiola incana - stock, hoary stock, gilly-flower Matthiola integrifolia Matthiola kralikii Matthiola lacera Matthiola leprosa Matthiola linearis Matthiola littorea Matthiola livida Matthiola lonchophora Matthiola longipetala (syn. M. bicornis) - night-scented stock

Matthiola lunata Matthiola macranica Matthiola macropetala Matthiola maderensis Matthiola maroccana Matthiola masguindali Matthiola montana Matthiola myrtodes Matthiola nana Matthiola nudicaulis Matthiola obovata Matthiola odoratissima Matthiola ovatifolia Matthiola oxyceratia Matthiola oyensis Matthiola parviflora Matthiola parvifolia Matthiola patens Matthiola perennis Matthiola perpusilla Matthiola persica Matthiola phlox Matthiola porphyrantha Matthiola prostrata Matthiola provincialis Matthiola pseudoxyceras Matthiola pumila Matthiola pumilio Matthiola puntensis Matthiola revoluta Matthiola rivae Matthiola robusta Matthiola rostrata Matthiola runcinata Matthiola rupestris Matthiola sabauda Matthiola saxatilis Matthiola scapifera Matthiola serica Matthiola simplicicaulis Matthiola sinuata - sea stock Matthiola smithii Matthiola songarica Matthiola spathulata Matthiola stelligera Matthiola stenopetala Matthiola stephanos-mariae Matthiola stoddarti Matthiola stylosa Matthiola subglabra Matthiola superba Matthiola tatarica Matthiola taurica Matthiola telum Matthiola tenella Matthiola tenera Matthiola thessala Matthiola tianschanica Matthiola tomentosa Matthiola torulosa Matthiola tricuspidata - three-horned stock Matthiola tristis Matthiola trojana[6] Matthiola undulata Matthiola valesiaca Matthiola vallesiaca Matthiola varia Matthiola viburnodes Matthiola vulgaris

Gallery

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  Wild Matthiola in Behbahan, Iran
• 
  Wild Matthiola in Behbahan, Iran

References

1. Sunset Western Garden Book. 1995. 606–07.
2. Jaén-Molina, R., et al. (2009). The molecular phylogeny of Matthiola R. Br.(Brassicaceae) inferred from ITS sequences, with special emphasis on the Macaronesian endemics. Archived 2014-02-28 at the Wayback Machine Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 53(3) 972-81.
3. Matthiola. Flora of China.
4. Sanchez, J. L., et al. (2005). Genetic differentiation of three species of Matthiola (Brassicaceae) in the Sicilian insular system. Archived 2014-02-28 at the Wayback Machine Plant Systematics and Evolution 253(1-4) 81-93.
5. RHS A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
6. Dirmenci, Tuncay; Satil, Fatih; Tümen, Gülendam (2006). "A new species of Matthiola R. Br. (Brassicaceae) from Turkey". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 151 (3): 431–435. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2006.00518.x.

Bibliography

• Pink, A. (2004). Gardening for the Million. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.

External links

• GBIF entry
• Matthiola. USDA Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).
• Matthiola. Flora of Pakistan.
• JSTOR Plant Science entries
• FloraBase entry