Massimo Carminati

Massimo Carminati (Italian pronunciation: [ˈmassimo karmiˈnaːti]; born 31 May 1958), allegedly nicknamed "the last king of Rome",[1] is an Italian underworld figure and former member of far-right terrorist group Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari and criminal gang Banda della Magliana, which were at the centre of sensational allegations of state collusion and Masonic conspiracy during Italy's years of lead. Carminati was investigated for match fixing in 2012. In 2014 he was arrested with 36 others on allegations of running a corrupt network that infiltrated Rome's public administration. He was charged with fraud, money laundering, embezzlement, and the bribing of public officials. In 2017, Carminati was sentenced to 20 years in jail.

Massimo Carminati
Born (1958-05-31) 31 May 1958
Milan, Italy
Other names"The last king of Rome"
OccupationCrime boss, terrorist
Known forMafia Capitale investigation
AllegianceBanda della Magliana
Armed Revolutionary Nuclei
Criminal chargeMafia association, extortion, fraudulent transfer of assets, bribery, bid rigging and false invoicing (2014)
Penalty20 years imprisonment (2017); reduced to 14 years and six months on appeal (2018)

Background

Carminati frequented a bar that was a haunt of Rome criminals and political extremists. He became a particular friend of Valerio Fioravanti, leader of the far right terrorist group Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari ("Armed Revolutionary Nuclei", or NAR). Carminati introduced Fioravanti to some Banda della Magliana members, including their leader Franco Giuseppucci, who became a close friend of Carminati, and Massimo Sparti who later became the main witness against Fioravanti for the 1980 Bologna train station bombing.[2] After Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari and Banda della Magliana ceased to exist through arrests and violent death, Carminati managed to emerge as a figure in his own right.[1]

A clandestine weapons store of the Banda della Magliana was kept in the basement of a government building, it was later found to contain grenades stolen by NAR leader Valerio Fioravanti. The NAR had access to the weapon and ammunition thought likely to have come from the joint arms cache that was used to kill Carmine Pecorelli in 1979.[3] In 1993, contemporaneously with his trial for Mafia association in Palermo,[4] former Italian prime minister Giulio Andreotti, Sicilian mafia boss Gaetano Badalamenti and Carminati, were charged with the murder of Pecorelli by prosecutors in Perugia. The case was circumstantial and based on the word of Mafia turncoat Tommaso Buscetta who had not originally mentioned the allegation about Andreotti when interviewed by Giovanni Falcone.[5][6] Andreotti was acquitted along with his co-defendants in 1999.[7] The prosecution successfully appealed the acquittal and there was a 2002 retrial, in which inconsistent verdicts saw Carminati and defendants accused of setting up the killing being acquitted, while Andreotti was found guilty of ordering the killing, and sentenced to 24 years in prison. Italians of all political allegiances denounced the conviction.[8][9] The Italian supreme court finally cleared Andreotti of the murder in 2003.[10] According to his brother, Fioravanti admitted killing Sicilian politician Piersanti Mattarella.[11] Mattarella's death was also asserted to have been linked to former prime minister Giulio Andreotti through the Sicilian Mafia, which allegedly used its contacts with politicians Salvo Lima and the Salvo cousins to complain to Andreotti about the behaviour of Mattarella, according to Mafia turncoat (pentito) Francesco Marino Mannoia.[4][12] According to the supergrass, Andreotti tried to prevent the Mafia from killing Mattarella.[12][13][14] Fioravanti was also accused of killing for Propaganda Due.[15]

Later activities and imprisonment

Carminati lost his left eye in a gunfight with border guards in 1981 while attempting to illicitly cross into Switzerland.[16] He was initially acquitted with Andreotti in the killing of Pecorelli, but after a prosecution appeal they were found guilty at re-trial stage trial. In 2003 Italy's highest court definitively acquitted them.[17] He was sentenced to four years in prison for his complicity in a raid on the Banca di Roma strongroom deposit boxes, he was regarded as the mastermind behind the burglary. Police reportedly suspect the deposit boxes contained compromising material that Carminati used to compile dossiers on a number of high officials. In 2012 it was reported his name had come up in a match fixing investigation.[1][17]

On 2 December 2014, Carminati was arrested by the Raggruppamento Operativo Speciale on charges of Mafia association, extortion, fraudulent transfer of assets, bribery, bid rigging and false invoicing, in the Mafia Capitale investigation.[18] On 20 July 2017, Carminati was sentenced to 20 years in prison.[19] On 11 September 2018, on appeal, Carminati was sentenced to 14 years and six months.[20]

Carminati is the basis of the character of "Il Nero" in the book Romanzo Criminale, written in 2002 by Giancarlo De Cataldo and referring to the true events of the Banda della Magliana, the Romanzo Criminale film directed by Michele Placido in 2005 based on the same novel, ("Il Nero" is played by Riccardo Scamarcio), as well as the television series directed by Stefano Sollima and Emiliano Coltorti.[21]

He also inspired the character of Samurai in the book Suburra by Giancarlo De Cataldo and Carlo Bonini, from which the 2015 film Suburra by Stefano Sollima was made, in which Samurai is played by Claudio Amendola; the book was also followed by the television series directed by Michele Placido, Andrea Molaioli and Giuseppe Capotondi, in which the character is played by Francesco Acquaroli.[21]

gollark: ```(angel -97392)(tit-for-tat -83669)(devil -85670)(time-machine -78224)(tat-for-tit -112052)(grudger -68152)(random-choice -104122)(apl -97870)(angry-tit-for-tat -92851)(forgiving-grudge -66681)(meapiometics -79127)```
gollark: ```scheme(define get-repeated-score (lambda (strategy accumulator counter) (if (= counter 0) accumulator (get-repeated-score strategy (+ accumulator (get-strategy-scores strategy)) (- counter 1)))))(define get-all-scores (lambda () (define helper (lambda (x) (write (list (car x) (get-repeated-score x 0 49))) (newline))) (map helper strategies)))```Put in this if you want cool BIGGER scores.
gollark: By somewhat narrow margins, but it consistently beats the normal grudger.
gollark: And my slightly improved grudger... wins utterly, great.
gollark: I'll make it run 50 times and sum them.

References
  1. Noack, Rick (5 December 2014). "For Rome's mafia, more refugees means more money". The Washington Post. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
  2. Squires, Nick (3 December 2014). ""Mafia capital": Rome hit by mobster scandal". The Telegraph. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
  3. Puppetmasters: The Political Use of Terrorism in Italy, p. 87–89
  4. The Andreotti Affair: Supergrasses target Andreotti, The Independent, April 16, 1993
  5. NYT, April 12, 1996 Andreotti Is Back in Court, This Time on Murder Charge
  6. Independent, 24 September 1995 ALL THE PRIME MINISTER'S MEN
  7. NYT September 25, 1999, Ex-Premier Andreotti Acquitted of Mafia Murder Conspiracy
  8. Oct 31 2003 Court Clears Andreotti of Murder Charge
  9. NYT, November 19, 2002, Andreotti's Sentence Draws Protests About 'Justice Gone Mad'
  10. Telegraph, 6 May 2013 OBIT Giulio Andreotti
  11. Puppetmasters: The Political Use of Terrorism in Italy by Philip Willan, page 88–89
  12. Dickie, Cosa Nostra, p. 423-24
  13. Mob Rule - Fighting the Mafia and Renewing Sicilian Culture - Review, National Review, October 1, 2001
  14. Puppetmasters: The Political Use of Terrorism in Italy by Philip Willan
  15. Puppetmasters: The Political Use of Terrorism in Italy, p. 301
  16. http://italychronicles.com/rome-corruption-massimo-carminati-the-terrorist-turned-criminal/
  17. Italy Chronicles, Massimo Carminati: The Terrorist Turned Criminal
  18. Roma, perquisizioni e arresti in Regione e Campidoglio. Franco Grilli. Il Giornale. Cronaca. 2 dicembre 2014.
  19. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-40667430
  20. "Mondo di mezzo, sentenza d'appello: 18 anni a Buzzi, 14 anni a Carminati. C'è l'associazione mafiosa" (in Italian). rainews.it. 11 September 2018.
  21. "Massimo Carminati, dal "Nero" di Romanzo criminale al "Samurai" di Suburra" (in Italian). inliberta.it. 16 October 2015.
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