Maslow on Management

Maslow on Management (originally Eupsychian Management: A Journal) is a work on industrial psychology by Abraham Maslow, first published in 1965. Maslow's work is frequently invoked in attempts to explain and predict work behavior.[1] In his work Maslow advocated the eupsychian (meaning moving towards psychological health or self-actualization)[2] management as the ideal model for industrial organizations.[3] Maslow took a keen interest in the application of humanistic psychology beyond one-on-one therapy to larger endeavors in organizations and education settings, where greater numbers of people could be positively affected.[4]

Maslow on Management

First edition (with original title)
Author	Abraham Maslow
Original title	Eupsychian Management: A Journal
Language	English
Subject	Psychology
Publisher	R. D. Irwin (1965)
Publication date	1965
Media type	Print
Pages	277

The idea for Eupsychian Management originated with a journal of Maslow's impressions of his 1962 observations of a California electronics plant. The study resulted in Maslow conceiving a theoretical framework on which research in the area of self-actualization may be applied to industrial organizations.[5] Not wanting to use the word "utopian", Maslow coined the term "eupsychian" to describe human-oriented institutions generated by self-actualized people. He said it could also be used to mean "moving toward psychological health".[6]

Maslow noted the commitment to work in self-actualizing people's lives: "These highly evolved individuals assimilate their work into the identity, into the self, ie, work actually becomes part of the self, part of the individual's definition of himself."[7] These most highly evolved persons would actually assimilate work as part of their personal identity.[8]

Maslow's industrial motivation theory has been criticized for tending to emphasize only identification of second-level outcomes.[9]

Maslow's writings on management

Maslow wrote extensively concerning the application of humanistic psychology to management. Relevant publications include:

• Maslow, Abraham H. Eupsychian management. Homewood, IL: Irwin, 1965 (reprinted as Maslow on management, Wiley, 1998).

• Maslow, Abraham H. The Maslow business reader. Wiley, 2000.

• Maslow, Abraham H. Theory Z. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 1969, 1(2), 31–47. Reprinted in Maslow business reader (pp. 171−184) and A. H. Maslow, The farther reaches of human nature, New York, 1971 (pp. 270–286).

See also

• Motivation
• Theory Z

References

1. Barling, J. "A cross-cultural study of Maslow's motivation theory in industry." South African Journal of Psychology 11, no. 1 (1981): 47-50.
2. Markin, Rom J., and Charles M. Lillis. "Sales managers get what they expect." Business Horizons 18, no. 3 (1975): 51-58.
3. Bell, Emma, and Scott Taylor. "From outward bound to inward bound’: the prophetic voices and discursive practices of spiritual management development." Human Relations 57, no. 4 (2004): 439-466.
4. O'Connor, Dennis, and Leodones Yballe. "Maslow revisited: Constructing a road map of human nature." Journal of Management Education (2007).
5. Lessner, Milton, and Robert R. Knapp. "Self-actualization and entrepreneurial orientation among small business owners: A validation study of the POI." Educational and Psychological Measurement 34, no. 2 (1974): 455-460.
6. Goble, Frank G. The Third Force: The Psychology of Abraham Maslow.
7. Cullen, Dallas. "Maslow, monkeys and motivation theory." Organization 4, no. 3 (1997): 355-373.
8. Jurie, Jay D. "Building capacity: Organizational competence and critical theory." Journal of Organizational Change Management 13, no. 3 (2000): 264-274.
9. Heneman, Herbert G., and Donald P. Schwab. "Evaluation of research on expectancy theory predictions of employee performance." Psychological Bulletin 78, no. 1 (1972): 1.