Maria Bogner

Maria Bogner (née Lux, 1914 – November 17, 2002) was a German fashion designer credited with developing practical stretch pants, thereby profoundly affecting the direction of the ski fashion industry. She created colorful, sexy, and functional stretchy skiwear. Her husband's established ski apparel company, the development of stretch material in the 1950s, and her sewing skills all contributed to her success. Her stretch pants, as modeled by leading ski athletes of the period, provided both sex appeal and practicality as ski garments.[1]

Maria Bogner
Bogner and sister modeling her ski apparel ca. late 1940s.
Born
Maria Lux

1914
Cologne, Germany
DiedNovember 17, 2002(2002-11-17) (aged 87–88)
Tegernsee, Germany
NationalityGerman
OccupationFashion designer
Years active1932-1972
EmployerWilly Bogner, GMBH
Spouse(s)Willy Bogner, Sr.
Children3

Personal life
Skiwear in the 1950s, prior to the adoption of stretch pants.

Bogner was born Maria Lux in 1914 in Cologne, Germany and died on November 17, 2002 in Tegernsee, Germany.[1] In 1937 she married Wilhelm Bogner (Willy Sr.), a German Nordic combined ski champion who competed in the 1930s. Together, they had three children, Rosemarie, Michael, and Wilhelm (Willy Jr.).[2] Willy Bogner's success as a skier allowed him and his future wife, then Maria Lux, to establish a clothing line in 1932, that included outfitting the German national ski team at the 1936 Winter Olympics.[3]

Her husband died in 1977 and she died in 2002.[4]

Career

Skiing Magazine called Bogner, “the mother of modern ski fashion”, citing her outsized influence as a woman on ski culture.[3] Her career began with the development of novel ski garments in the early 1930s and was interrupted by World War II. After the war her ski fashion innovations in style and color, especially with stretch pants, allowed the Bogner business to flourish in the upscale ski apparel market.

1936-45

In 1936 Bogner created an anorak (parka) for the German Olympic ski team of which her fiancé was a member.[2] After their marriage, Bogner became involved in the fashion side of her husband's business, which included importing ski equipment. In addition to ski apparel, they designed and manufactured blouses, traditional Bavarian dresses, as well as hiking apparel.[5] The growth of their business was interrupted by WWII and her husband's internment by the US.[4]

1946-77
Stein Eriksen and other skiers wearing stretch pants in 1967.

While her husband was away and in order to support her three children, Bogner continued to design colorful anoraks that were sold by the thousands.[4] In addition to creating and selling parkas, Bogner also began rebuilding the business by creating other products, such as aprons.[4] In 1950, the Bogners began exporting their colorful products to the US, including Bogner's parkas.[6] In 1955 Bogner began branding the company with a logo, styled as a “B”, on all zippers found on their clothing.[7]

Development of stretch pants

In the early 1950s, the Bogners were manufacturing ski pants in gabardine fabric. They were distinctive both for their durability and the wide choice of bright, appealing colors—a break from the previous standards of black, blue and forest green.[4] A Bianchini textile representative introduced Bogner to a new material, developed by the Swiss company, Heberlein, and marketed under the name, Helanca, which was incorporated into a prototype pair of ski pants.[8] Helanca was a blend of wool and a springy, coiled nylon fiber, which allowed the material to stretch and be durable through multiple wash cycles. The problem was how to sew it successfully, which Bogner solved. Early examples of her stretch pants lost their resiliency after a few seasons. This problem was solved such that by 1955, she was exporting them to the US in 42 different colors. The pants were highly successful, despite costing double what conventional ski pants cost at the time, thanks to the sex appeal of their form-fitting cut and wide variety of colors. The product was marketed effectively in catalogs and advertisements, using attractive young women and celebrity athletes, such as Stein Eriksen, as models.[4]

Business expansion and retirement

The publicity and advertising of the Bogner line of up-scale fashion made it the choice of such celebrity consumers of ski apparel as, Marilyn Monroe, Ingrid Bergman, the Shah of Iran, and Toni Sailer. Bogner apparel was also in demand by ski teams for its aerodynamic efficiency and warmth. By the mid-1960s many other companies were producing stretch pants.[8] Bogner remained active in the company until the early 1970s, when her sons, Michael and Willy Jr., took over the business.[4]

Legacy

Bogner's creation was so widely recognized that she was featured on the cover of the November, 1955 issue of Ski Magazine, wearing her ski apparel.[8] In its 1995 "Skiing for Women" issue, Skiing magazine cited Bogner as a skiing "legend", along with Andrea Mead Lawrence and Martha Rockwell[3]

gollark: The system here (for A levels) is that you just do one set of exams at the end of two years and schools can do mock ones if they want. It *sounds* sensible, except you apply to universities before getting any A level grades and also a significant amount of things depend just on how well you happened to do over one/a few days.
gollark: You have very brief time to revise between exams?
gollark: Huh. Wow.
gollark: Oh, so you just... have... exams... constantly?
gollark: That seems really early, what do you do the *rest* of the year?

References
  1. Allen, E. John B. (2011). Historical Dictionary of Skiing. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810879775.
  2. Terrell, Roy (February 6, 1961). "They Make the Pants". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2018-03-14.
  3. Editors (1995). "Legends: Maria Bogner – For changing the look of skiing forever". Skiing. New York: Ziff-Davis (Skiing for Women): 50. ISSN 0037-6264. Retrieved 2018-02-17.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  4. Masia, Seth (September 2002). "The 50th anniversary of stretch pants". Skiing Heritage Journal. International Skiing History Association. 14 (3): 35–6. ISSN 1082-2895.
  5. Editors. "Bogner". fashionmodeldirectory.com. Fashion Mode Directory. Retrieved 2018-03-15.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  6. Lert, Wolfgang (Autumn 1996). "The Finish Line: Hans Hagemeister brought us good things to ski with". Skiing Heritage Journal. 8 (3): 38–39. ISSN 1082-2895.
  7. Editors. "Bogner Company History". en.bogner.com. Retrieved 2018-03-15.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  8. McCoy, Susan (September 1983). "A stretch in the right direction". Ski Magazine. New York: Times Mirror Magazines, Inc. 48: 162. ISSN 0037-6159.
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