Marc Athanase Parfait Œillet des Murs

Marc Athanase Parfait Œillet des Murs (Paris, 18 April 1804 – Nogent-le-Rotrou, 25 February 1894) was a French amateur ornithologist and local politician and historian.

Château Saint-Jean
Des Murs's illustration of Des Murs's wiretail, a species named after him.
Picture of mayor M. Œillet des Murs in the town hall of Nogent-le-Rotrou

Life

His parents were Jacques Philippe Athanase Œillet Des Murs and Marie Henriette Gard.[1] He entered the magistracy in 1830 and left it in 1838. In 1841 he became a lawyer in the Court of Cassation, but in 1846 retired to the department of Eure-et-Loir,[2] where in 1843 he had bought a castle called the Château St. Jean near the town of Nogent-le-Rotrou and begun extensive restoration work on it.[3][4] He was the mayor of Nogent-le-Rotrou from 1860 to 1868.[2] In 1885, having sunk a good deal of his fortune into the restoration of the Château, he sold it.[3]

He married Caroline Euphrasie Naulot, who survived him.[1]

Ornithology

He published many papers. His major ornithological works include

  • Iconographie Ornithologique,[5] (1849), a book of illustrations and descriptions of birds.
  • The ornithological section of Voyage autour du monde sur la frégate la Vénus: Zoologie[6] (Voyage Around the World on the Frigate Vénus: Zoology), in collaboration with Florent Prévost (1855), in which they described several new species.
  • Traité général d’oologie ornithologique au point de vue de la classification[7] (A General Treatise on Ornithological Oology from the Point of View of Classification), 1860. One reviewer praised the author's knowledge of oology but disagreed with his reliance on resemblances of eggs, with too little attention to other information, in the classification of birds.[8]
  • Leçons élémentaires sur l'histoire naturelle des oiseaux[9] (Elementary Lessons on the Natural History of Birds), a popularization of ornithology, in which he joined Jules Verreaux in collaborating with Jean-Charles Chenu.

History

His main historical work is Histoire des comtes du Perche de la famille des Rotrou de 943 à 1231 (History of the Counts of Perche of the Rotrou Family from 943 to 1231), 1856.

Surname

"Des Murs" is a known French surname meaning "of the walls". "Œillet" means "carnation" (or any Dianthus), so "Œillet des Murs" could be a rare surname meaning "carnation of the walls". Which of those was his surname seems to have been unclear even during his lifetime. His name appears on the title pages of his books as "M. O. des Murs"[10] and as "O. des Murs" with no other names or titles,[5][7] though he signs a dedication "P. O. des Murs".[11] It also appears as "O. des Murs" in books where the names of his co-authors, Chenu and Verreaux[9] and Prévost,[6] are given with initials and surnames, suggesting that he thought of "O." as his initial and "Des Murs" as his surname. Likewise his contribution to Chenu's Encyclopédie d'histoire naturelle is listed as by "M. des Murs".[12] On the other hand, he was cited with the family name "Oeillet des Murs" in his time,[2] on his death certificate[1] and later,[4] and Marc Oeillet des Murs appears as a writer on Normandy.[13][14]

In ornithology he is referred to as "Des Murs".

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References
  1. "Death certificate". 1894. Retrieved 2012-06-13.
  2. Gustave Vapereau (1870). Dictionnaire universel des contemporains. 2. Hachette et Cie. p. 1366. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
  3. Gwénaëlle Hamelin. "Aperçu historique du château Saint-Jean". City of Nogent-le-Rotrou. Archived from the original on 2016-08-20. Retrieved 2012-06-13.
  4. Bulletin de la Société historique et archéologique de l'Orne. 26. 1907. La demeure passa ensuite à M. Reiset (1836), au comte Leclerc de Bussy (1839), à M. Oeillet des Murs (1843) et enfin en 1887 à M. Jousset de Bellesme. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. O. des Murs (1849). Iconographie ornithologique ou nouveau recueil général de planches peintes d'oiseaux. Friedrich Klincksieck. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
  6. Fl. Prévost & O. des Murs (1855). "Oiseaux". Voyage autour du monde sur la frégate la Vénus: Zoologie. Gide et J. Beaudry. pp. 177–284. Retrieved 2012-06-13.
  7. O. des Murs (1860). Traité général d'oologie ornithologique. Friedrich Klincksieck. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
  8. Anonymous (1860). "Review of M. O. Des Murs' 'Oologie Ornithologique'". The Ibis. 2: 335–355. Retrieved 2012-06-14.
  9. J. C. Chenu; O. des Murs & J. Verreaux (1862). Leçons élémentaires sur l'histoire naturelle des oiseaux. 2. L. Hachette et Cie. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
  10. M. O. des Murs. Histoire des comtes du Perche de la famille des Rotrou, de 934 à 1231. Imprimerie d'A. Gouverneur. Retrieved 2012-06-11. The "M." is probably for Monsieur.
  11. Iconographie Ornithologique, page 2.
  12. Cercle de la librairie (1853). Bibliographie de la France. 42. Pillet. p. 620. Retrieved 2012-06-11. Likewise other listings of the book.
  13. Kathleen Thompson (2002). Power and Border Lordship in Medieval France: The County of the Perche, 1000–1226. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. p. 11. ISBN 0-86193-254-4. Retrieved 2012-06-14. In the nineteenth century Marc Oeillet des Murs...
  14. V. Gazeau (2005). Annales de Normandie. 55: 168–170. L'auteur [Kathleen Thompson] réexamine les travaux anciens de Gilles Bry de la Clergerie, de Marc Œillet des Murs et du Vicomte Olivier de Romanet... Missing or empty |title= (help)
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