Marília Chaves Peixoto

Marília Chaves Peixoto
Marília Chaves Peixoto
Born	February 24, 1921
Died	January 5, 1961 (aged 39)
Nationality	Brazilian
Alma mater	Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Occupation	Mathematician and engineer
Spouse(s)	Maurício Peixoto

Marília Chaves Peixoto (24 February 1921 – 5 January 1961)[1] was a Brazilian mathematician and engineer who worked in dynamical systems.[2] Peixoto was the first Brazilian woman to receive a doctorate in mathematics[3] and the first Brazilian woman to join the Brazilian Academy of Sciences.[4]

Career

Peixoto graduated from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in 1943 with a degree in engineering, having also studied mathematics at the university and acted as a monitor for the university's National Faculty of Philosophy. In 1948, she received a doctorate in mathematics, and began teaching at the Escola Politécnica da UFRJ.[1] In 1949, Peixoto published "On the inequalities $y''\geq G(x,y,y',y'')$ " in Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences. Following her work on convex functions, Peixoto was appointed an associate member of the Brazilian Academy of Science on 12 June 1951. She was the first Brazilian woman to join the organization, and the second woman after Marie Curie, a foreign associate of the academy.[4]

Peixoto married Maurício Peixoto in 1946.[2] The pair jointly published "Structural Stability in the plane with enlarged boundary conditions" in 1959,[4] one of several papers which led to Peixoto's theorem.[5]

Personal life

Peixoto had two children, Marta and Ricardo, with Maurício Peixoto.[1]

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References

"Marília Chaves Peixoto, pioneer of science in Brazil". Vermelho. 1 May 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
"Pioneiras da Ciência do Brasil - Portal CNPq" (in Portuguese). National Council for Scientific and Technological Development. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
"Researchers from around the world discuss gender and mathematics in Rio". Exame. 31 July 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
da Silva, Circe Mary (1 December 2006). "Politécnicos ou matemáticos?" [Polytechnicians or mathematicians?]. História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos (in Portuguese). 13 (4): 891–908. doi:10.1590/S0104-59702006000400007. ISSN 0104-5970. PMID 17533730.
Pujals, Enrique R. (2011). "From Peixoto's Theorem to Palis's Conjecture". Springer Proceedings in Mathematics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 1: 743–746. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-11456-4_47. ISBN 978-3-642-11456-4.

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[vermelho-1] "Marília Chaves Peixoto, pioneer of science in Brazil". Vermelho. 1 May 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2018.

[cnpq-2] "Pioneiras da Ciência do Brasil - Portal CNPq" (in Portuguese). National Council for Scientific and Technological Development. Retrieved 30 August 2018.

[3] "Researchers from around the world discuss gender and mathematics in Rio". Exame. 31 July 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2018.

[Silva-4] Silva, Circe Mary (1 December 2006). "Politécnicos ou matemáticos?" [Polytechnicians or mathematicians?]. História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos (in Portuguese). 13 (4): 891–908. doi:10.1590/S0104-59702006000400007. ISSN 0104-5970. PMID 17533730.

[5] Pujals, Enrique R. (2011). "From Peixoto's Theorem to Palis's Conjecture". Springer Proceedings in Mathematics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 1: 743–746. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-11456-4_47. ISBN 978-3-642-11456-4.