Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)

Maoist Communist Party of Turkey (Turkish: Maoist Komünist Partisi abbreviated as MKP) is a Maoist insurgent organization in Turkey. It is the most significant of the Maoist organisations in Turkey; it upholds the legacy of Ibrahim Kaypakkaya. It maintains two armed wings: the People's Partisan Forces (Turkish: Partizan Halk Güçleri or PHG) and People's Liberation Army (Turkish: Halk Kurtuluş Ordusu or HKO).[2] MKP was a part of Revolutionary Internationalist Movement and participates in the Conference of Communist and Workers’ Parties of the Balkans.[3]

Maoist Communist Party

Maoist Komünist Partisi
AbbreviationMKP
FounderCüneyt Kahraman as TKP (M-L)
Cafer Cangöz as MKP
Founded18 April 1994 as TKP(M-L)
15 September 2002 as MKP
Split fromCommunist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist
Youth wingMaoist Youth Union
Women's wingMaoist Women's Union
Armed wingPeople's Liberation Army
People's Partisan Forces
IdeologyCommunism
Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
Political positionFar-left
National affiliationPeoples' United Revolutionary Movement[1]
European affiliationConference of Communist and Workers’ Parties of the Balkans
International affiliationRevolutionary Internationalist Movement (inactive)
International Freedom Battalion
Party flag
Website
mkp-bim.info

History

MKP emerged in 1987 as TKP/ML - Eastern Anatolia Regional Committee (Doğu Anadolu Bölge Komitesi in Turkish, abbreviated as DABK) and broke away from the declining TKP/ML organisation. In 1993 it reunified with TKP/ML, but this proved unsuccessful; it broke away again in 1994 to become the Communist Party of Turkey (Marxist–Leninist) [abbreviated as TKP(ML) - not to be confused with TKP/ML]. After an increasing ideological divide between the TKP/ML and the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement, the Committee of RIM (CoRIM) eventually ejected the ideologically stagnant TKP/ML. In 2003 TKP (ML) morphed into the Maoist Communist Party (MKP). MKP became a member of RIM and over the years gained influence becoming the most significant Maoist organisation in Turkey. MKP is determined to carry out a "Socialist People's War" in Turkey with its armed wing the People's Liberation Army. In 2013 the Party's 3rd congress established the People's Partisan Forces as a second armed wing.

Organisation
Flag of HKO
Flag of PHG

The party has two armed wings: in rural areas Peoples' Liberation Army (Halk Kurtuluş Ordusu in Turkish, abbreviated as HKO) and in cities People's Partisan Forces (Partizan Halk Güçleri in Turkish, abbreviated as PHG).[4]

Maoist Youth Union (Turkish: Maoist Gençlik Birliği) is the youth organization of MKP.

Maoist Women's Union (Turkish: Maoist Kadınlar Birliği) - is women's organization of MKP.

The party has two periodicals titled Devrimci Demokrasi (Revolutionary Democracy) and Sınıf Teorisi (Theory of the Class).[5]

Federation of Democratic Rights (Turkish: Demokratik Haklar Federasyonu abbreviated as DHF) - is independent mass organization related to MKP.

Recent activity

In March 2009, Tamer Bilici, a doctor in service during a 2000 hunger strike in Kandıra F-type prison, was punished by MKP-HKO for being a public enemy because he was blamed for deaths and permanent disabilities of inmates.[6] In September 2009 MKP-HKO claimed responsibility for the death of a retired colonel, Aytekin İçmez. In June 2015, MKP-PHG killed former colonel Fehmi Altinbilek.[7]

Designation as a terrorist organisation

The organisation is listed among the 12 active terrorist organisations in Turkey as of 2007 according to Counter-Terrorism and Operations Department of Directorate General for Security (Turkish police).[8]

Human resources

A study carried out by the Counter-Terrorism and Operations Department of Directorate General for Security over a sample of files about people convicted of being terrorists under Turkish laws including 826 militants from the organisation and the three other currently active left-wing organisations (see reference 1) 65% of the members are aged 14 to 25, 16,8% 25 to 30 and 17,5% are older than 30. University graduates make up 20,4% of the members, high school graduates 33,5%, secondary school graduates 14%, primary school graduates 29,9% and illiterates 1,9% (while they have no sampled literate non-graduate members).[9]

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See also

References
  1. "Peoples' United Revolutionary Movement established for a joint struggle". Firat News Agency. 2016-03-12. Archived from the original on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2016-03-14.
  2. "Declaration on the 3rd Congress of the Maoist Communist Party of Turkey – Northern Kurdistan (MKP)". Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  3. Balkanconference.com
  4. "MAOİST KOMÜNİST PARTİSİ-MKP/HKO". YouTube. 13 February 2007. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  5. "Leftist Parties of Turkey". broadleft.org. Archived from the original on 30 July 2013. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
  6. "MKP: F Tipi katillerinden biri cezalandırıldı". Archived from the original on 2014-12-19. Retrieved 2012-08-26.
  7. Hüseyin TÜCCAR- Erdoğan PAÇİN (2009-09-30). "MKP-HKO emekli albayı öldürdü". Sabah. Retrieved 26 August 2012.
  8. TÜRKİYE'DE HALEN FAALİYETLERİNE DEVAM EDEN BAŞLICA TERÖR ÖRGÜTLERİ: "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-01-14. Retrieved 2008-08-15.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. Zaman. 25.12.2007. "Dikkat: Hangi yasadışı örgüte kimler üye olur?". http://www.iyibilgi.com/haber.php?haber_id=47595 Archived 2016-03-22 at the Wayback Machine
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