Mansfield Training School and Hospital

The Mansfield Training School and Hospital was a state-run facility for the mentally handicapped located in Mansfield, Connecticut, United States. It was active from 1860 to 1993. Its former campus, located at the junction of Connecticut Route 32 and United States Route 44 in Mansfield is a 350-acre (140 ha) historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.[1]

Mansfield Training School and Hospital
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. Historic district
The Knight Hospital
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Location	Jct. of CT 32 & US 44, Mansfield, Connecticut
Coordinates	41°48′24″N 72°17′47″W
Area	350 acres (140 ha)
Built	1917
Architect	Cudworth, Woodworth & Thompson
Architectural style	Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals; Greek Revival; Late Victorian
NRHP reference No.	87001513[1]
Added to NRHP	December 22, 1987

History

The hospital opened in Lakeville in 1860 as the Connecticut School for Imbeciles at Lakeville. Its name was changed to the Connecticut Training School for the Feebleminded at Lakeville in 1915. Two years later, it merged with the Connecticut Colony for Epileptics (founded at Mansfield in 1910) and acquired its present name.[2]

When it opened in 1917, the merged institution had 402 students in residence. By 1932, the resident population had grown to 1,070. During the Depression and World War II, demand for its services increased, resulting in both overcrowding and long waiting lists for new enrollments. Staffing levels increased during the 1960s as philosophies on treatment of mental retardation changed, and there were 1,609 residents and 875 full-time staff as of 1969. During the 1970s and 1980s many residents were relocated from dormitories to on-campus cottages or to group homes located around the state. By 1976 the resident population had dropped to 1,106, and by 1991 just 141 people remained as residents.[3]

In 1993, after numerous lawsuits concerning the conditions of the hospital, Mansfield Training School was closed and its patients sent to outpatient facilities and other institutions.[3] After the closure, some dilapidated buildings were demolished. Other buildings were split between the Bergin Correctional Institution and the University of Connecticut.[3][4]

Historic district

The "Mansfield Training School and Hospital" was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987. The listed area was 350 acres (1.4 km²) and included 53 contributing buildings and seven non-contributing buildings. The majority of the contributing buildings were institutional buildings built between 1914 and 1930, all designed by the same architectural firm.[1][5] Also, the district included a farm that was operated beginning in 1909. The farm supplied the institution with most of its food and provided occupational therapy for people with epilepsy, as farm labor was deemed to prevent epileptic seizures. Children housed in the institution hand-molded the concrete blocks used to construct barns on the farm property.[5]

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Tolland County, Connecticut

References

1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
2. "Brief Descriptions of Connecticut State Agencies: Mansfield State Training School and Hospital". Connecticut Public Library. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
3. Juliane Silver (2010), Finding Aid RG 170:001, Mansfield Training School Inventory of Records, Connecticut State Library website. Revised November 29, 2010.
4. "The Dean's Almanac: Here's to Ewe, UConn". 2007-01-08. Archived from the original on May 13, 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
5. Jan Cunningham and John Herzan (March 10, 1987). "NRHP Inventory-Nomination: Mansfield Training School and Hospital / Mansfield Training School". National Park Service. and Accompanying 16 photos, from 1986