Manihot carthaginensis subsp. glaziovii

Manihot carthaginensis subsp. glaziovii, also known as Manihot glaziovii, the tree cassava or Ceara rubber tree, is a species of deciduous flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, that is native to eastern Brazil.

Tree cassava
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Manihot
Species:
M. carthaginensis
Subspecies:
M. c. subsp. glaziovii
Trinomial name
Manihot carthaginensis subsp. glaziovii
Allem
Synonyms [1]

Description
Manihot carthaginensis subsp. glaziovii in Cotonou, Benin
  • Leaves - palmipartite, peltate; lobes broadly ovate to obovate; green above, glaucous beneath.[2]
  • Flowers - show branched inflorescence. Unisexual flowers are greenish-white or pale yellow with reddish markings.[3]
  • Fruit - globose.

Common names
  • French - manioc de ceara, maniçoba, ceara, caouchouc de ceara
  • Portuguese - manicoba
  • Swahili - mpira
  • Yoruba - gbaguda

Uses

The tree cassava was used a source of rubber, instead of Hevea brasiliensis throughout the world. The plant is introduced largely in the world, but now it is classified as one of the highly invasive plant of the world.[4]

Scientists found various enzymatic and inhibitory activities of tree cassava, which have insecticidal and anti-fungal proteins extracted from the latex of the plant. These proteins are effective against insects such as cowpea weevil, and fungi like Colletotrichum gloesporioides, Fusarium solani and Macrophomina phaseolina.[5] It could be used as graft shoot in a rootstock of edible cassava and increase 10 times the yield per acre.

Invasiveness

The species is invasive in New Caledonia.[6]

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References
  1. "Manihot carthaginensis subsp. Glaziovii (Müll.Arg.) Allem — the Plant List".
  2. http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb2/AFTPDFS/Manihot_glaziovii.PDF
  3. "Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Manihot glaziovii". www.zimbabweflora.co.zw. Retrieved 2020-07-09.
  4. "Manihot glaziovii in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2020-07-09.
  5. Pereira, Lucilene S.; Gomes, Valdirene M.; Fernandes, Kátia V. S.; Sales, Maurício P.; Xavier-Filho, José (1999). "Insecticidal and antifungic proteins of the latex from Manihot glaziovii Muell. Arg". Brazilian Journal of Botany. 22 (1): 27–30. doi:10.1590/S0100-84041999000100005. ISSN 0100-8404.
  6. Hequet, Vanessa (2009). Les espèces exotiques envahissantes de Nouvelle-Calédonie (PDF) (in French). p. 17.

Further reading
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