Mangrove vireo

The mangrove vireo (Vireo pallens) is a species of bird in the family Vireonidae.

Mangrove vireo

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Vireonidae
Genus: Vireo
Species:
V. pallens
Binomial name
Vireo pallens
Salvin, 1863

Description

A drab olive or olive-grey bird, the mangrove vireo has yellow lores and two white wing bars. Sexes are similar. It is approximately 10 cm (3.9 in) long.[2] There are two disjunct populations of this vireo: Caribbean and Pacific. The Caribbean population has both yellow and grey colour phases, while the Pacific population has no colour phases.[3]

Subspecies

There are 10 known subspecies:[3][4][5][6]

  • V. p. angulensis (Parkes, 1990): The Bay Islands of Honduras.
  • V. p. browningi (A. R. Phillips, 1991): Southeastern Nicaragua.
  • V. p. nicoyensis (Parkes, 1990): Peninsula and Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica.
  • V. p. ochraceus (Salvin, 1863): Pacific mangroves from Oaxaca to El Salvador (Sometimes lumped with V. p. paluster).
  • V. p. olsoni (A. R. Phillips, 1991): Parts of Belize.
  • V. p. pallens (Salvin, 1863): Honduras and Nicaragua.
  • V. p. paluster (R. T. Moore, 1938): Pacific mangroves from Sonora to Nayarit (Sometimes lumped with V. p. ochraceus).
  • V. p. salvini (Van Rossem, 1934): Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico and adjacent islands.
  • V. p. semiflavus (Salvin, 1863): Southernmost Campeche, southernmost Quintana Roo, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras.
  • V. p. wetmorei (A. R. Phillips, 1991): Eastern-most Guatemala.

Range and Habitat

It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. The Pacific population is restricted, as the name suggests, to mangroves, while the Caribbean population occupies a wider range of habitats.

Status

The IUCN has classified this species as being of Least Concern.[1]

gollark: I think we still kind of have that in basically all modern memory - the intersection of the cell, row and column or whatever gets written to.
gollark: Wouldn't it be memory graphene then?
gollark: Probably others.
gollark: You would just want elements with lots of stable isotopes and a regular structure, so carbon, silicon, germanium.
gollark: Yes, so stable isotopes.

References
  1. BirdLife International (2012). "Vireo pallens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  2. Garrigues, Richard; Dean, Robert (2007). The Birds of Costa Rica. Zona Tropical. pp. 224–225. ISBN 978-0-9705678-5-7.
  3. Parkes, K.C. Carnegie Museum of Natural History; Section of Birds (1990). "A revision of the Mangrove Vireo, Vireo pallens (Aves: Vireonidae)". ots.ac.cr/. Organization for Tropical Studies. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
  4. "Mangrove Vireo (Vireo pallens) Salvin, 1863". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/. Retrieved 19 January 2014. External link in |website= (help)
  5. "ITIS Standard Report Page: Vireo pallens". https://www.itis.gov/. ITIS. Retrieved 19 January 2014. External link in |website= (help)
  6. "Richmond Index -- Infrageneric". zoonomen.net/. Alan P. Peterson, M.D. 15 December 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
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