Magnolia sprengeri

Magnolia sprengeri, or Sprenger's magnolia, is a species of Magnolia native to China, occurring in Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, and Sichuan in forests or thickets at 1300–2400 m altitude. Named for Carl Ludwig Sprenger, a botanist of note.

Sprenger's magnolia
Magnolia sprengeri flowering in the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, accession #228-2005*A
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Magnoliaceae
Genus: Magnolia
Subgenus: Magnolia subg. Yulania
Section: Magnolia sect. Yulania
Subsection: Magnolia subsect. Yulania
Species:
M. sprengeri
Binomial name
Magnolia sprengeri
Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn

Identification

It is a small deciduous tree, to 20 m in height with pale grayish brown to blackish brown, exfoliating bark. Young twigs are pale yellowish brown. The dark green leaves are obovate, 10–18 cm long and 4.5–10 cm broad, with a 1–3 cm petiole. Fragrant flowers appear before leaves, erect, cup-shaped, 15 cm wide, with 12-14 tepals that are white to rosy-red. The fruit is a cylindric aggregate of follicles 6–18 cm long.

Fossil record

Fossils of Magnolia sprengeri have been described from the fossil flora of Kızılcahamam district in Turkey, which is of early Pliocene age.[1]

Cultivation

It is grown as an ornamental tree for its flowers. Several cultivars have been named, including 'Diva', 'Lanhydrock', and 'Wakehurst'. The cultivars 'Burncoose',[2] 'Copeland Court',[3] and 'Eric Savill'[4] have all won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

The species and its cultivars are hardy to roughly USDA hardiness zone 6. A number of hybrids with other Magnolias have also been developed.

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References
  1. Kasaplıgil, B.-(1975): Pliocene Flora of Güvem village near Ankara, Turkey, Abstracts of the Papers Presented at the XII International Botanical Congress, Akademika Nauk SSSR, 1: 115, Leningrad
  2. "Magnolia sprengeri var. diva 'Burncoose' AGM". Royal Horticultural Society. 2017. Retrieved 2017-01-23.
  3. "Magnolia sprengeri var. diva 'Copeland Court' AGM". Royal Horticultural Society. 2017. Retrieved 2017-01-23.
  4. "Magnolia sprengeri var. diva 'Eric Savill' AGM". Royal Horticultural Society. 2017. Retrieved 2017-01-23.
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