List of critically endangered fishes

As of July 2017, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 455 critically endangered fish species, including 87 which are tagged as possibly extinct.[1][2] 3.0% of all evaluated fish species are listed as critically endangered. The IUCN also lists four fish subspecies as critically endangered.

455 critically endangered fish species (3.0%)643 endangered fish species (4.2%)1245 vulnerable fish species (8.2%)548 near threatened fish species (3.6%)9131 least concern fish species (60%)3191 data deficient fish species (21%)
Fish species (IUCN, 2016-2)
  • 15,219 extant species have been evaluated
  • 12,028 of those are fully assessed[lower-alpha 1]
  • 9679 are not threatened at present[lower-alpha 2]
  • 2343 to 5534 are threatened[lower-alpha 3]
  • 71 to 158 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
    • 65 extinct (EX) species[lower-alpha 4]
    • 6 extinct in the wild (EW)
    • 87 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
    • 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
  1. excludes data deficient evaluations.
  2. NT, LR/cd, LC.
  3. Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
  4. Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Critically Endangered (CR) species face an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

Of the subpopulations of fishes evaluated by the IUCN, 20 species subpopulations and one subspecies subpopulation have been assessed as critically endangered.

Additionally 3191 fish species (21% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN.[3] While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed."[4]

This is a complete list of critically endangered fish species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN. Species considered possibly extinct by the IUCN are marked as such. Species and subspecies which have critically endangered subpopulations (or stocks) are indicated.

Cartilaginous fishes

Includes sharks, rays, skates, and sawfish.

Species

  • Pondicherry shark (Carcharhinus hemiodon) (possibly extinct)
  • Common skate (Dipturus batis)
  • Australian longnose skate (Dipturus confusus)
  • Ganges shark (Glyphis gangeticus)
  • Northern river shark (Glyphis garricki)
  • Irrawaddy river shark (Glyphis siamensis)
  • Natal shyshark (Haploblepharus kistnasamyi)
  • Daggernose shark (Isogomphodon oxyrhynchus)
  • Maltese skate (Leucoraja melitensis)
  • Striped smooth-hound (Mustelus fasciatus)
  • Smalltooth sawfish (Pristis pectinata)
  • Common sawfish (Pristis pristis)
  • Longcomb sawfish (Pristis zijsron)
  • Brazilian guitarfish (Rhinobatos horkelii)
  • Sawback angelshark (Squatina aculeata)
  • Smoothback angelshark (Squatina oculata)
  • Angel shark (Squatina squatina)
  • Java stingaree (Urolophus javanicus) (possibly extinct)
  • Giant Guitarfish (Rhynchobatus djiddensis)"

Subpopulations

  • Sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus) (2 subpopulations)
  • Giant freshwater stingray (Himantura polylepis) (1 subpopulation)
  • Porbeagle (Lamna nasus) (2 subpopulations)
  • Smalltooth sawfish (Pristis pectinata) (2 subpopulations)
  • Common sawfish (Pristis pristis) (4 subpopulations)
  • Spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) (1 subpopulation)

Ray-finned fishes

There are 431 species, four subspecies, four subpopulations of species, and one subpopulations of subspecies of ray-finned fish assessed as critically endangered.

Acipenseriformes

Acipenseriformes includes sturgeons and paddlefishes. There are 17 species and one subpopulation in the order Acipenseriformes assessed as critically endangered.

Sturgeons

Species

  • Dabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) (possibly extinct in the wild)
  • Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii)
  • Sakhalin sturgeon (Acipenser mikadoi)
  • Adriatic sturgeon (Acipenser naccarii) (possibly extinct in the wild)
  • Bastard sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris)
  • Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus)
  • Japanese sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii)
  • Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis)
  • Starry sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus)
  • European sea sturgeon (Acipenser sturio)
  • Kaluga (Huso dauricus)
  • Beluga (Huso huso)
  • Syr Darya sturgeon (Pseudoscaphirhynchus fedtschenkoi) (possibly extinct)
  • Dwarf sturgeon (Pseudoscaphirhynchus hermanni)
  • Amu Darya sturgeon (Pseudoscaphirhynchus kaufmanni)
  • Alabama sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus suttkusi)

Subpopulations

  • White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) (2 subpopulations)

Paddlefish species
  • Chinese paddlefish (Psephurus gladius) (possibly extinct)

Salmoniformes

Species

Subpopulations of species

Subpopulations of subspecies

  • Aral sea trout (Salmo trutta aralensis) (1 subpopulation)

Silversides
  • Atherinella jiloaensis
  • Bedotia sp. 'Manombo'
  • Bedotia sp. 'Sambava'
  • Bedotia sp. 'Vevembe'
  • Bedotia tricolor
  • Sentani rainbowfish (Chilatherina sentaniensis)
  • Lake Wanam rainbowfish (Glossolepis wanamensis)
  • Glass blue-eye (Kiunga ballochi)
  • Alchichica silverside (Poblana alchichica)
  • Red-finned blue-eye (Scaturiginichthys vermeilipinnis)

Toothcarps

Species

  • Patzcuaro allotoca (Allotoca diazi)
  • Opal goodeid (Allotoca maculata)
  • Anablepsoides speciosus
  • Aphanius almiriensis
  • Kızılırmak toothcarp (Aphanius danfordii)
  • Sahara aphanius (Aphanius saourensis)
  • Azraq toothcarp (Aphanius sirhani)
  • Acıgöl toothcarp (Aphanius transgrediens)
  • Aphyolebias claudiae (possibly extinct)
  • Aplocheilichthys sp. 'Baringo'
  • Austrolebias cinereus
  • Devils Hole pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis)
  • Thicklip pupfish (Cyprinodon labiosus)
  • Cachorrito de mezquital (Cyprinodon meeki)
  • Cachorrito cabezon (Cyprinodon pachycephalus)
  • Largefin pupfish (Cyprinodon verecundus)
  • Charco Palma pupfish (Cyprinodon veronicae)
  • Pahrump poolfish (Empetrichthys latos)
  • Epiplatys coccinatus
  • Epiplatys ruhkopfi
  • Fundulopanchax powelli (possibly extinct)
  • Widemouth gambusia (Gambusia eurystoma)
  • Highland splitfin (Girardinichthys turneri)
  • Chapultepec splitfin (Girardinichthys viviparus)
  • Balsas splitfin (Ilyodon whitei)
  • Cuatrocienegas killifish (Lucania interioris)
  • Pachypanchax sakaramyi
  • Pantanodon sp. 'Manombo' (possibly extinct)
  • Broadspotted molly (Poecilia latipunctata)
  • Sulphur molly (Poecilia sulphuraria)
  • Kindia killi (Scriptaphyosemion cauveti)
  • Scriptaphyosemion etzeli
  • Valencia toothcarp (Valencia hispanica)
  • Valencia letourneuxi
  • Monterrey platyfish (Xiphophorus couchianus)
  • Tequila splitfin (Zoogoneticus tequila)

Subspecies

  • Epiplatys fasciolatus josianae
  • Ejagham killi (Fundulopanchax gardneri lacustris)

Cypriniformes

Cypriniformes includes carps, minnows, loaches and relatives. There are 145 species, one subspecies, and one subpopulation in the order Cypriniformes assessed as critically endangered.

Hillstream loaches

True loaches
  • Cobitis illyrica
  • Cobitis jadovaensis
  • Diyarbakir spined loach (Cobitis kellei) (possibly extinct)
  • Bithynian spined loach (Cobitis splendens)
  • Cobitis stephanidisi
  • Cobitis taurica
  • Ayumodoki (Parabotia curtus)

Cyprinids

Species

Subspecies

  • Rhodeus ocellatus smithii

Subpopulations

  • Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (1 subpopulation)

Psilorhynchids

Suckers
  • June sucker (Chasmistes liorus)
  • Razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus)

Osmeriformes

Includes freshwater smelts and allies.

  • Roundhead galaxias (Galaxias anomalus)
  • Lowland longjaw galaxias (Galaxias cobitinis)
  • Eldon's galaxias (Galaxias eldoni)
  • Swan galaxias (Galaxias fontanus)
  • Barred galaxias (Galaxias fuscus)
  • Gollum galaxias (Galaxias gollumoides)
  • Clarence galaxias (Galaxias johnstoni)
  • Bignose galaxias (Galaxias macronasus)
  • Pedder galaxias (Galaxias pedderensis)
  • Longjawed galaxias (Galaxias prognathus)
  • Dusky galaxias (Galaxias pullus)
  • Delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus)
  • Canterbury mudfish (Neochanna burrowsius)
  • Northland mudfish (Neochanna heleios)

Catfishes

Perciformes

There are 144 species, one subspecies, and one subpopulation in the order Perciformes assessed as critically endangered.

Cichlids

Species

Subspecies

  • Chromidotilapia guntheri loennbergii

Percids
  • Diamond darter (Crystallaria cincotta)
  • Vermilion darter (Etheostoma chermocki)
  • Marbled darter (Etheostoma marmorpinnum)
  • Duskytail darter (Etheostoma percnurum)
  • Gymnocephalus ambriaelacus
  • Conasauga logperch (Percina jenkinsi)
  • Asprete (Romanichthys valsanicola)
  • Apron (Zingel asper)

Gobies
  • Futuna's emperor (Akihito futuna)
  • Elizabeth Springs goby (Chlamydogobius micropterus)
  • Edgbaston goby (Chlamydogobius squamigenus)
  • Fin-joined goby (Gobulus birdsongi)
  • Danube delta dwarf goby (Knipowitschia cameliae) (possibly extinct)
  • Ephesus dwarf goby (Knipowitschia ephesi)
  • Acheron spring goby (Knipowitschia milleri)
  • Knipowitschia mrakovcici
  • Dwarf pygmy goby (Pandaka pygmaea)
  • Chornaya tubenose goby (Proterorhinus tataricus)
  • Stiphodon discotorquatus (possibly extinct)
  • Stiphodon rubromaculatus
  • Poso bungu (Weberogobius amadi)

Other Perciformes

Species

  • Galapagos damsel (Azurina eupalama) (possibly extinct)
  • Chinese bahaba (Bahaba taipingensis)
  • Betta miniopinna
  • Betta persephone
  • Krabi mouth-brooding betta (Betta simplex)
  • Betta spilotogena
  • Callionymus sanctaehelenae
  • Dageraad (Chrysoblephus cristiceps)
  • Siamese tigerfish (Datnioides pulcher)
  • Spring pygmy sunfish (Elassoma alabamae)
  • Calico grouper (Epinephelus drummondhayi)
  • Atlantic goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara)
  • Warsaw grouper (Hyporthodus nigritus)
  • Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii)
  • Black mogurnda (Mogurnda furva)
  • Variegated mogurnda (Mogurnda variegata)
  • Paraclinus walkeri
  • Seventy-four seabream (Polysteganus undulosus)
  • Trichonis blenny (Salaria economidisi)
  • Sciaena callaensis (possibly extinct)
  • Giant sea bass (Stereolepis gigas)
  • Southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii)
  • Totoaba macdonaldi

Subpopulations

  • Atlantic wreckfish (Polyprion americanus) (1 subpopulation)

Characiformes

Other ray-finned fish species
  • Duck-billed buntingi (Adrianichthys kruyti)
  • Killarney shad (Alosa killarnensis)
  • Alosa vistonica (possibly extinct)
  • European eel (Anguilla anguilla)
  • Spotted handfish (Brachionichthys hirsutus)
  • Abrau sprat (Clupeonella abrau)
  • Roundnose grenadier (Coryphaenoides rupestris)
  • Pygmy sculpin (Cottus paulus)
  • Cottus rondeleti
  • Southern Kneria 'South Africa' (Kneria sp. 'South Africa')
  • Blind cave brotula (Lucifuga simile)
  • Ellinopygósteos (Pungitius hellenicus)
  • Bocaccio rockfish (Sebastes paucispinus)
  • Alabama cavefish (Speoplatyrhinus poulsoni)
  • River pipefish (Syngnathus watermeyeri)
  • Chinese puffer (Takifugu chinensis)
  • Popta's buntingi (Xenopoecilus poptae)

Other fish species
  • Eightgill hagfish (Eptatretus octatrema)
  • Greek lamprey (Eudontomyzon hellenicus)
  • Chapala lamprey (Lampetra spadicea)
  • West Indian Ocean coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae)
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See also

References
  1. "IUCN Red List version 2016-2". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 8 September 2016.
  2. "Table 9: Possibly Extinct and Possibly Extinct in the Wild Species (IUCN Red List version 20162)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 8 September 2016.
  3. "Limitations of the Data". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  4. "2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.



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