List of émigré musicians from Nazi Europe who settled in Britain

The rise of Nazism and its aftermath led to a wave of Central European intellectuals, many of them Jewish, seeking escape abroad during the 1930s and 1940s due to persecution at home. This list details those composers, performers, publishers and musicologists who ended up living and working in Britain, where they had a significant and lasting influence on musical development.[1]

Primarily composers

Other composers stayed for a short time in Britain before moving on elsewhere. They included Hanns Eisler, Ernst Krenek, Karol Rathaus, Ernst Toch and Kurt Weill[2]

Primarily conductors or performers/teachers

  • Amadeus Quartet (three members of). Arrived 1938 from Austria
  • Walter Goehr (1903-1960). Arrived 1933 from Germany
  • Paul Hamburger (1920-2004). Arrived 1939 from Austria
  • Helene Isepp (1899-1968). Arrived 1938 from Austria[3]
  • Martin Isepp (1930-2011). Arrived 1938 from Austria
  • Louis Kentner (1905-1987). Arrived 1935 from Hungary
  • Maria Lidka (1914-2013). Arrived 1934 from Germany
  • Rawicz and Landauer, piano duo. Arrived 1935 from Austria.
  • Max Rostal (1905-1991). Arrived 1934 from Germany
  • Rudolf Schwarz (1905-1994). Arrived from imprisonment in Germany (via Sweden) in 1947
  • Jan Sedivka (1917-2009). Arrived 1942 from Czechoslovakia
  • Vilém Tauský (1910-2004). Arrived 1940 from Czechoslovakia (via France)
  • Ilse Wolf (1921-1999). Arrived 1939 from Germany[4]

Pianist Artur Schnabel and cellist Emanuel Feuermann stayed for a short time in Britain before moving on[2]

Primarily critics or musicologists

  • Otto Erich Deutsch (1883-1967). Arrived in 1939, returned to Vienna 1951
  • Hans Keller (1919-1985). Arrived 1938 from Austria
  • Else Mayer-Lissmann (1914-1990). Arrived 1938 from Germany[5]
  • Hans Redlich (1903-1968). Arrived 1939, from Germany
  • Peter Stadlen (1910-1996). Arrived 1938 from Austria
  • Erwin Stein (1885-1958). Arrived 1938 from Austria

Theodor Adorno arrived 1934 from Germany (with frequent trips back) but moved on to New York in 1938[2]

Primarily publishers

  • Walter Bergmann (1902-1988). Arrived from Germany, 1939[6]
  • Alfred Kalmus (1889-1972). Arrived 1936 from Austria
  • Ernst Roth (1896-1971). Arrived 1938 from Austria

References
  1. Continental Britons: The Émigré Composers, Notes to Nimbus CD NI5730 (2004)
  2. SOAS, Jewish Music Institute
  3. Helene Isepp biography, Royal College of Music
  4. Ilse Wolf biography, Bach Cantatas
  5. Elsie Mayer-Lissmann biography, Royal College of Music
  6. Walter Bergmann biography, Schott

Further reading
  • Gal, Hans. Music Behind Barbed Wire: A Diary of Summer, 1940 (2014)
  • Gordon, David and Peter. Musical Visitors to Britain (2005)
  • Haas, Michael. 2013. Forbidden Music: The Jewish Composers Banned by the Nazis. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-15430-6 (cloth); ISBN 978-0-300-15431-3 (pbk).
  • Snowman, Daniel, The Hitler Emigrés (2002)
  • Royal College of Music. Project celebrating the work of migrant musicians who fled the Nazis
  • Music and the Holocaust: Composers in Exile
  • Through Lotte's Lens: A film by Tony Britten
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