Leptonetoidea

The Leptonetoidea are a superfamily of haplogyne araneomorph spiders with three families. Phylogenetic studies have provided weak support for the relationship among the families. The placement of one of the families within the Haplogynae has been questioned.

Leptonetoidea
Adult male of Tayshaneta anopica, a member of the Leptonetidae
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Superfamily: Leptonetoidea
Simon, 1890[1]
Families
  • †Praeterleptonetidae
  • †Protoaraneoididae

See text.

Phylogeny

Leptonoidea has been circumscribed to contain the following families:[1]

The three families have been placed in the Haplogynae, one of the two main groups of araneomorph spiders, with the internal relationships as in the following cladogram.[2][3] The clade has only weak support.[4]

 
 

Ochyroceratidae

 
 
 

Leptonetidae

 
 

Telemidae

 
 
 

Subsequent to the analyses that produced the relationships shown above, it was discovered that one leptonetid genus, Archoleptoneta, has a cribellum. Placing Leptonetidae as a derived member of the Haplogynae would require independent evolution of the cribellum. Other characters also suggest that leptonetids are "proto-entelegynes", belonging on their own in a superfamily.[4]

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References
  1. Dunlop, Jason A. & Penney, David (2011). "Order Araneae Clerck, 1757" (PDF). In Zhang, Z.-Q. (ed.). Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa. Auckland, New Zealand: Magnolia Press. ISBN 978-1-86977-850-7. Retrieved 2015-10-31.
  2. Ramírez, Martín J. (2000), "Respiratory system morphology and the phylogeny of haplogyne spiders (Araneae, Araneomorphae)", Journal of Arachnology, 28 (2): 149–157, doi:10.1636/0161-8202(2000)028[0149:RSMATP]2.0.CO;2
  3. Coddington, Jonathan A. (2005), "Phylogeny and classification of spiders" (PDF), in Ubick, D.; Paquin, P.; Cushing, P.E. & Roth, V. (eds.), Spiders of North America: an identification manual, American Arachnological Society, pp. 18–24, retrieved 2015-09-24CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  4. Ledford, J.M. & Griswold, C.E. (2010), "A study of the subfamily Archoleptonetinae (Araneae, Leptonetidae) with a review of the morphology and relationships for the Leptonetidae", Zootaxa, 2391: 1–32, doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2391.1.1, pp. 8–10
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