Labrisomid

Labrisomid
	Malacoctenus boehlkei
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Blenniiformes
Family:	Labrisomidae; C. Hubbs, 1952
Genera
	See text.
	range map

Labrisomids are small blennioids (blennies), percomorph marine fish belonging to the family Labrisomidae. Found mostly in the tropical Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, the family contains about 110 species in 15 genera.[1]

Stockier than the average blenny, labrisomids are elongated nonetheless; their dorsal fin spines outnumber soft rays (which may be absent altogether), and their pelvic fins are long and slender. Like many other blennies, labrisomids have whisker-like structures called cirri on their heads and napes. Scales may be cycloid or absent in labrisomids; many species are brightly coloured. The hairy blenny (Labrisomus nuchipinnis) is the largest species at 23 cm in length; most are far smaller.[1]

Generally staying within shallow coastal regions to depths around 10 m, labrisomids are benthic fish spending most of their time on or near the bottom. Both sandy and rocky substrates are frequented, sometimes at reefs or amongst beds of seagrass. Labrisomids are shy fish and will retreat into crevices if threatened. Crustaceans, gastropods, brittle stars, and sea urchins make up much of the labrisomid diet.[1]

Two genera of labrisomid are noted for their ovoviviparity; Xenomedea and Starksia both retain eggs within their oviducts, where they develop in safety. However, only Starksia species possess gonopodia (modified anal fins used as a copulatory organ).[2]

Some workers have found that the Labrisomidae is paraphyletic.[3]

Genera

The following genera are currently included in this family:[1][4]

Alloclinus C.L. Hubbs, 1927
Auchenionchus Gill, 1860
Brockius Clark L. Hubbs, 1953
Calliclinus Gill, 1860
Cottoclinus McCosker, Stephens & Rosenblatt, 2003
Cryptotrema Gilbert, 1890
Dialommus Gilbert, 1891
Exerpes Jordan & Evermann, 1896
Gobioclinus Gill, 1860
Haptoclinus Böhlke & Robertson, 1974
Labrisomus Swainson, 1839
Malacoctenus Gill, 1860
Nemaclinus Böhlke & Springer, 1975
Paraclinus Mocquard, 1888
Starksia Jordan & Evermann, 1896
Xenomedea Rosenblatt & Taylor, 1971

Timeline

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References

Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2013). "Labrisomidae" in FishBase. October 2013 version.
Carter R. Gilbert (1970). "Two New Atlantic Clinid Fishes of the Genus Starksia". Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences. 33 (3): 193–206. JSTOR 24315093.
Hsiu-Chin Lin (2009). Evolution of the suborder Blennioidei : phylogeny and phylogeography of a shallow water fish clade (Thesis). UC San Diego.
Eschmeyer, W. N.; R. Fricke & R. van der Laan (eds.). "Labrisomidae genera". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 26 April 2019.

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[FishBase-1] Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2013). "Labrisomidae" in FishBase. October 2013 version.

[Gilbert-2] Carter R. Gilbert (1970). "Two New Atlantic Clinid Fishes of the Genus Starksia". Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences. 33 (3): 193–206. JSTOR 24315093.

[3] Hsiu-Chin Lin (2009). Evolution of the suborder Blennioidei : phylogeny and phylogeography of a shallow water fish clade (Thesis). UC San Diego.

[4] Eschmeyer, W. N.; R. Fricke & R. van der Laan (eds.). "Labrisomidae genera". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 26 April 2019.