Kwa-di Tabil-class ferry

The Kwa-di Tabil (kwah-DEE-tah-BALE)[1]-class ferries, previously known as the 100 Vehicle class[2] and later 64 Vehicle class,[3][4] were built by Washington State Ferries to replace the retired Steel Electric ferries. The vessels to serve lower traffic routes and carry up to 64 vehicles. The State of Washington spent approximately $213 million to construct the three ferries in this class.[5]

MV Chetzemoka, the first of the class, sailing into Keystone Harbor (2011)
Class overview
Builders: Todd Pacific Shipyards
Operators: 2010–present: Washington State Ferries
Preceded by: Steel Electric class
Built: 2009–2012
In service: 2010–present
Planned: 3
Completed: 3
Active: 3
General characteristics
Type: Auto/passenger ferry
Tonnage: 4,623
Displacement: 1,515 long tons (1,539 t)
Length: 273 ft 8 in (83.41 m)
Beam: 64 ft (20 m)
Draft: 11 ft (3.4 m)
Decks: 7
Deck clearance: 16 ft 1 in (4.9 m) max
Installed power: Twin 3,000 hp (2,200 kW) diesel engines
Speed: 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) max
Capacity:
  • 748 passengers
  • 64 vehicles (maximum)

Ferries

Ferries in this class include:

History

In November 2007, Washington State Ferries made the decision to remove the 80-year-old Steel Electric ferries from service over safety concerns. Routine inspections revealed serious hull corrosion damage on two of the four old vessels. When the Steel Electrics were removed from service, there were no ferries able to carry vehicles on Port Townsend / Coupeville route as no other vessel could be used in Coupeville's small, shallow Keystone Harbor.[6]

Due to the vessel shortage created by the sudden retirement of the Steel Electric-class ferries, Washington State Ferries (WSF) decided to base the design of the Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries on an existing ferry, Island Home, which runs between Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts and Woods Hole, Massachusetts. The Washington State Legislature authorized and funded vessel construction in February 2008[7] and the first vessel was built on tight 18-month schedule by Todd Pacific Shipyards in Seattle (by state law all new WSF vessels are built in Washington).[7]

The first ferry, Chetzemoka, was christened by Governor Christine Gregoire and began service November 14, 2010[8] on the Port Townsend / Coupeville route. Two boat service returned to the route on July 1, 2011 with the delivery of the second ferry, Salish.[9] Kennewick entered service on February 14, 2012 and was assigned to the Port Townsend / Coupeville route, allowing Chetzemoka to be reassigned to the Point Defiance–Tahlequah route and the 65-year-old ferry Rhododendron to be retired.

Issues

The Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries have had a number of problems since they were delivered. Most seriously, the non-symmetrical design of the ships caused them to list noticeably to one side. After a few months in service, ballast was added to one side of the vessels to correct the list.[10]

Despite promises that the Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries were designed to serve all routes and terminals in the WSF system, they have proven to be ill-suited for many routes.[10] The narrow car decks on the ferries make it difficult to turn vehicles around[10] (necessary on the inter-island route in the San Juan Islands and on the Fauntleroy / Vashon / Southworth route). During a December 2012 and January 2013 fleet emergency, Salish was pressed into service on the well-traveled Bremerton-Seattle run. It was at that time that it was discovered that the diesel fuel-hungry engines on the Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries struggled to make the 15.5 knots (28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph) speed for which they had been designed, and Salish averaged at best 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph).[11]

gollark: On the other hand, through actually having a planning process and not just blindly seeking local minima, a human can make big changes to designs even if the middle ones wouldn't be very good, which evolution can't.
gollark: And despite randomly breaking in bizarre ways, living stuff has much better self-repair than any human designs.
gollark: No human could come up with the really optimized biochemistry we use and make it work as well as evolution did, so in that way it's more "intelligent".
gollark: Intelligence is poorly defined, really.
gollark: There are also things like how eyes are somewhat backward, food/water and air use the same pipes, there is no conscious diagnostics capability, the immune system sometimes randomly declares war on body parts it doesn't like, and the head/neck is a ridiculous vulnerability.

References
  1. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-03-24. Retrieved 2011-07-01.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. "Vessel Planning Study" (PDF). Wsdot.wa.gov. 2008. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
  3. "Island Home Design" (PDF). Leg.wa.gov. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
  4. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-09. Retrieved 2011-07-27.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. "New ferry Kennewick joining Washington fleet". The Seattle Times. January 6, 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  6. "News & Media | Governor Jay Inslee". Governor.wa.gov. Archived from the original on March 12, 2008.
  7. "SB 6794" (PDF). Apps.leg.wa.gov. Retrieved 27 July 2019.}
  8. Gilmore, Susan (14 November 2010). "Washington state's newest ferry, Chetzemoka, christened Sunday". The Seattle Times.
  9. "New state ferry Salish enters service". Komonews.com. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
  10. "The Kwa-di Tabil Class". Evergreenfleet.com. Retrieved 2015-04-16.
  11. "The Salish". Evergreenfleet.com. Retrieved 2015-04-16.
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