Kulob

Kulob (Tajik: Кӯлоб, romanized: Kûlob/Kūloв), also Kulyab (Russian: Куляб, romanized: Kuljab), is a city in Kulob District, Khatlon Province, Tajikistan. Located 203 km south-east of the capital Dushanbe on the Yakhsu River (a right tributary of Panj), it is one of the largest cities in the country and has an estimated population of 100,000. The town is served by Kulob Airport.

Kulob
The 2700th Anniversary monument, Kulob
Kulob
Location in Tajikistan
Kulob
Kulob (West and Central Asia)
Coordinates: 37°54′33″N 69°46′55″E
Country Tajikistan
ProvinceKhatlon
DistrictKulob district
Elevation
580 m (1,900 ft)
Population
 (2019)[1]
 • Total105,500

History

Kulob inscription

In an inscription found in the Kulob area, formerly western Greco-Bactria, and dated to 200-195 BCE,[2] a Greek by the name of Heliodotos, dedicating a fire altar to Hestia, mentions the Greco-Bactrian king Euthydemus I as the greatest of all kings, and his son Demetrius I as "Demetrios Kalinikos" "Demetrius the Glorious Conqueror":[3][2]

τόνδε σοι βωμὸν θυώδη, πρέσβα κυδίστη θεῶν
Ἑστία, Διὸς κ(α)τ᾽ ἄλσος καλλίδενδρον ἔκτισεν
καὶ κλυταῖς ἤσκησε λοιβαῖς ἐμπύροις Ἡλιόδοτος
ὄφρα τὸμ πάντων μέγιστον Εὐθύδημον βασιλέων
τοῦ τε παῖδα καλλίνικον ἐκπρεπῆ Δημήτριον
πρευμενὴς σώιζηις ἐκηδεῖ(ς) σὺν τύχαι θεόφρον[ι]

"Heliodotos dedicated this fragrant altar for Hestia, venerable goddess, illustrious amongst all, in the grove of Zeus, with beautiful trees; he made libations and sacrifices so that the greatest of all kings Euthydemos, as well as his son, the glorious, victorious and remarkable Demetrios, be preserved of all pains, with the help of Tyche with divine thoughts."[4][5]

— Kuliab inscription, 200–195 BC

Later history
Marriage Registry Department in Kulob

The historian Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari refers to the city as early as 737AD, although its founding is said to have been much earlier. Throughout its history, Kulob was known by the name Khatlān or Khatlon in modern Tajik, with its modern name only about 250 years old.[6]

Part of the Khanate of Bukhara since the 16th century (the Emirate of Bukhara since the 18th century), the city changed its name from Khatlon to Kulob in 1750. Following the Russian conquest of Central Asia and the creation of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic within the USSR in 1929, Kulob became one of the largest cities in the republic.[7]

Tomb of Mir Syed Ali Hamdani

During the civil war in the country in the early 1990s, the city served as the main base of the Popular Front militias. Danghara, a village in the Kulob area, is the birthplace of Tajikistan's president Emomali Rahmon.

Kulob Marketplace

In September 2006, Kulob celebrated its 2700th anniversary.[8]

After Tajikistan's independence in 1991, Kulob was one of the three cities in the country where the Russian 201st Motor Rifle Division was deployed (the others are Dushanbe and Qurghonteppa). Following a number of scandals with local residents, Russia unexpectedly pulled its troops from Kulob in November 2015, effectively abandoning the base there.[9]

Geography

Climate

Kulob has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). The average annual temperature is 15.8 °C (60.4 °F). The warmest month is July with an average temperature of 28.3 °C (82.9 °F) and the coolest month is January with an average temperature of 2.2 °C (36 °F). The average annual precipitation is 468.4 mm (18.4") and has an average of 72.8 days with precipitation. The wettest month is March with an average of 94.2 mm (3.7") of precipitation and the driest month is August with an average of 0 mm of precipitation.[10]

Climate data for Kulob
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.2
(36.0)		 4.8
(40.6)		 10.4
(50.7)		 16.9
(62.4)		 21.2
(70.2)		 26.0
(78.8)		 28.3
(82.9)		 26.6
(79.9)		 21.8
(71.2)		 16.2
(61.2)		 10.0
(50.0)		 5.0
(41.0)		 15.8
(60.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 53.8
(2.12)		 64.6
(2.54)		 94.2
(3.71)		 82.5
(3.25)		 59.0
(2.32)		 6.1
(0.24)		 3.7
(0.15)		 0.5
(0.02)		 1.3
(0.05)		 24.0
(0.94)		 33.9
(1.33)		 44.8
(1.76)		 468.4
(18.44)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 7.7 9.2 12.3 11.8 9.6 2.6 1.1 0.0 0.7 4.2 5.7 7.9 72.8
Average relative humidity (%) 75.5 72.2 68.0 63.6 55.0 39.1 34.0 35.1 38.4 49.4 62.4 71.8 55.4
Source: "The Climate of Kulob". Weatherbase. Retrieved 2 August 2014.

Notable people
gollark: You take a string, and say whether it is valid JSON.
gollark: Were you wearing a hat?
gollark: I used the orbital mind control lasers.
gollark: Well, in general, Rust is permitted as a programming language.
gollark: I just did, though.

References
  1. "Population size, Republic of Tajikistan on January 1, 2019" (PDF) (in Tajik). Tajikistan Statistics Agency. 2019. p. 21. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  2. Shane Wallace Greek Culture in Afghanistan and India: Old Evidence and New Discoveries p.206
  3. Osmund Bopearachchi, Some Observations on the Chronology of the Early Kushans, p.48
  4. Shane Wallace Greek Culture in Afghanistan and India: Old Evidence and New Discoveries p.211
  5. Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum: 54.1569
  6. Borjian, Habib (1 November 2013). "Kulab". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  7. Kamoluddin Abdullaev and Shahram Akbarzadeh (2002). Historical Dictionary of Tajikistan. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press.
  8. Shams, Biloli (18 July 2011). "ASIA-Plus". Archived from the original on 5 June 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  9. "Tajikistan: Russian Troops Pull Out of Southern City". Eurasianet,org. 18 November 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  10. "Climate of Kulob". Weatherbase.com. Weatherbase. Retrieved 2 August 2014.
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