Kuhl's creek frog

Kuhl's creek frog or large-headed frog (Limnonectes kuhlii) is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae.

Kuhl's creek frog

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Dicroglossidae
Genus: Limnonectes
Species:
L. kuhlii
Binomial name
Limnonectes kuhlii
(Tschudi, 1838)[2]
Synonyms

Rana kuhlii Tschudi, 1838

Species complex

L. kuhlii was once believed to have a broad distribution in Northeast India (Assam) and Southeast Asia, but a phylogenetic analysis in 2010 demonstrated that there were at least 16 morphologically similar, but genetically distinct evolutionary lineages subsumed under the name.[3]

Already, several populations that were previously identified as L. kuhlii have been formally described as new species: L. fujianensis and L. bannaensis of China, L. nguyenorum and L. quangninhensis of Vietnam, L. jarujini, L. taylori, L. isanensis, and L. megastomias of Thailand, and L. sisikdagu from Indonesia.[2] The original specimen of L. kuhlii was found in Java, and that is the only area where the "true" species occurs with certainty.[2]

Phylogeny

Below is a phylogeny of species within the L. kuhlii species complex (McLeod, et al. 2015).[4]

 
 
 

Limnonectes kuhlii (Java)

 
 

Limnonectes sisikdagu

 
 
 

Limnonectes fragilis

 
 
 
 

Limnonectes bannaensis

 
 
 

Limnonectes namiyei

 
 

Limnonectes fujianensis

 
 
 
 
 

Limnonectes jarujini

 
 
 

Limnonectes nguyenorum

 
 
 

Limnonectes isanensis

 
 

Limnonectes taylori

 
 

Limnonectes megastomias

 
 
 
 
 
 
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References
  1. van Dijk, Peter Paul; Iskandar, Djoko; Inger, Robert; Lau, Michael Wai Neng; Yang, Datong; Ohler, Annemarie; Lu, Shunqing; Sengupta, Saibal; Bordoloi, Sabitry (2004). "Limnonectes kuhlii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T58346A11769961. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T58346A11769961.en.
  2. Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Limnonectes kuhlii (Tschudi, 1838)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 19 April 2014.
  3. McLeod, D.S. (2010). "Of Least Concern? Systematics of a cryptic species complex: Limnonectes kuhlii (Amphibia; Anura: Dicroglossidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 56 (3): 991–1000. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.004. PMID 20385247.
  4. McLeod, Kurlbaum & Hoang, 2015 : More of the same: a diminutive new species of the Limnonectes kuhlii complex from northern Vietnam (Anura: Dicroglossidae). Zootaxa, No. 3947, p. 201–214.


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