Kolachalam Srinivasa Rao

Kolachalam Srinivasa Rao (Telugu: కోలాచలం శ్రీనివాసరావు) (13 March 1854 – 23 June 1919) was a noted dramatist from Bellary, India.

A pleader and a non-professional theatre practitioner from Bellary, Srinivasa Rao belonged to the family of Mallinatha Suri, the world-famous writer acclaimed as Vyakyatha Shiromani. Srinivasa Rao became famous after publishing the English translation of Prapancha Nataka Charitra (The Dramatic History of the World) (Vanivilasa Press, Bellary) in 1908. His family was a very learned one. Even in childhood he was accomplished in Sanskrit and Telugu, and was familiar with Kannada. English was acquired at school. He took to Law. Srinivasa Rao's second elder brother Venkata Rao was a lawyer and in a high position, who was later elected as a member of the Madras Assembly. Under the guidance of his elder brother, Srinivasa Rao's literary effort flourished without a break. He was further helped by the local environment in Bellary where the drama movement was flourishing with redoubled vigour. In such a conducive atmosphere, wrote his magnum opus, as well as dramas, commentaries on the Vedas and other literary works. His first drama was Sunandini Parinayam, published around 1894–95, after which he wrote about 30 plays. A large number of these plays were performed by their drama company Sumanorama Sabha. Bellary Raghava and Srinivasa Rao worked closely in running the affairs of the Sabha.

Sumanaroma Sabha staged two or three plays in the hall of the Sarasa Vinodini Sabha, and the plays were well received. When Sarasa Vinodini Sabha later refused to lend the hall to them, Srinivasa Rao build a new hall for the Sumanorama Sabha, called Vanivilasa Nataka Shala, which was inaugurated by Balgangadhar Tilak. This was the first theatre building in Bellary, the second one being Ramakrishna Vilas (after Dharmavaraṃ Rāmakr̥ṣṇamācāryulu). Both of these were later converted into cinema theatres - Ramakrishna Vilas renamed Star Cinema, and Vanivilas Nataka Shala renamed Prabhat Cinema.[1]

In the preface of his magnum opus, he points to the decadence that had set into Indian language theatres at that point in time, in part because of the decline in morality in the practice of theatre. Finally, after surveying theatre traditions from Japan to the Americas, he provided an exclusive appendix, a list of "rules" like by-laws for contemporary theatre practitioners. Among his recommendations: "Till Hindu society is fully developed physically, greatly reformed morally, and vastly improved intellectually, do not allow a woman to become an actress. Hindu customs and manners do not allow such a course being taken"[2]

References

1. Ponangi Sri Rama Apparao. Dharmavaram Ramakrishnamacharyulu. Sahitya Akademi. Retrieved 20 October 2008.
2. Akshara K V. "Reversal of roles". www.india-seminar.com. Retrieved 20 October 2008.