Kiō

Kiō (棋王) is one of the eight major title tournaments in professional shogi. The word means the 'king of shogi' (棋 ki 'shogi' + 王 ō 'king').

Overview

The tournament started in 1974 as a continuation of the Saikyōshakettei tournament (最強者決定戦), which was held from 1961 to 1973. (The Saikyōshakettei itself was a continuation of the 九、八、七段戦 [1954–1956] and the 日本一杯争奪戦 [1957–1960].) The Kiō tournament was promoted to a title tournament in 1975. The championship match is held from February to March. The challenger for the Kiō title is determined by the first and second preliminary rounds. In the second round, the losers in the semi-finals and final play consolation games, then the winners of the final and consolation-final advance to a two-game playoff. The winner of the consolation games has to win both games to become the challenger while the winner of the final has to win only one of the two games. The first player to win three games in the championship becomes the new Kiō titleholder.[1]

Lifetime Kiō

Lifetime (Eisei) Kiō is the title given to a player who won the championship five times in a row. Active players may qualify for this title, but it is only officially awarded upon their retirement or death.[2] In 1995 (the 20th Kiō Match), Yoshiharu Habu won his fifth Kiō title in a row, thus becoming the first professional to qualify for the title. In 2017, Akira Watanabe won his fifth title in a row to join Habu as the only professionals to have accomplished this feat.[3][4]

Winners

The following table shows a list of past winners.[5]

No. Year Winner Score Opponent
1 1975 Nobuyuki Ōuchi (League)
2 1976 Hifumi Katō 3-0 Nobuyuki Ōuchi
3 1977 Hifumi Katō (2) 3-0 Makoto Nakahara
4 1978 Kunio Yonenaga 3-2 Hifumi Katō
5 1979 Makoto Nakahara 3-1 Kunio Yonenaga
6 1980 Kunio Yonenaga (2) 3-1 Makoto Nakahara
7 1981 Kunio Yonenaga (3) 3-2 Hidemitsu Moriyasu
8 1982 Kunio Yonenaga (4) 3-0 Yasuharu Oyama
9 1983 Kunio Yonenaga (5) 3-1 Hidemitsu Moriyasu
10 1984 Kiyozumi Kiriyama 3-1 Kunio Yonenaga
11 1985 Koji Tanigawa 3-0 Kiyozumi Kiriyama
12 1986 Michio Takahashi 3-1 Koji Tanigawa
13 1987 Koji Tanigawa (2) 3-2 Michio Takahashi
14 1988 Yoshikazu Minami 3-2 Koji Tanigawa
15 1989 Yoshikazu Minami (2) 3-0 Yasuharu Oyama
16 1990 Yoshiharu Habu 3-1 Yoshikazu Minami
17 1991 Yoshiharu Habu (2) 3-1 Yoshikazu Minami
18 1992 Yoshiharu Habu (3) 3-2 Koji Tanigawa
19 1993 Yoshiharu Habu (4) 3-0 Yoshikazu Minami
20 1994 Yoshiharu Habu (5) 3-0 Taku Morishita
21 1995 Yoshiharu Habu (6) 3-0 Michio Takahashi
22 1996 Yoshiharu Habu (7) 3-0 Taku Morishita
23 1997 Yoshiharu Habu (8) 3-1 Masataka Gōda
24 1998 Yoshiharu Habu (9) 3-0 Yasumitsu Sato
25 1999 Yoshiharu Habu (10) 3-1 Toshiyuki Moriuchi
26 2000 Yoshiharu Habu (11) 3-1 Toshiaki Kubo
27 2001 Yoshiharu Habu (12) 3-1 Yasumitsu Sato
28 2002 Tadahisa Maruyama 3-2 Yoshiharu Habu
29 2003 Koji Tanigawa (3) 3-1 Tadahisa Maruyama
30 2004 Yoshiharu Habu (13) 3-0 Koji Tanigawa
31 2005 Toshiyuki Moriuchi 3-1 Yoshiharu Habu
32 2006 Yasumitsu Sato 3-2 Toshiyuki Moriuchi
33 2007 Yasumitsu Sato (2) 3-2 Yoshiharu Habu
34 2008 Toshiaki Kubo 3-2 Yasumitsu Sato
35[6] 2009 Toshiaki Kubo (2) 3-2 Yasumitsu Sato
36[7] 2010 Toshiaki Kubo (3) 3-1 Akira Watanabe
37[8] 2011 Masataka Gōda 3-1 Toshiaki Kubo
38[9] 2012 Akira Watanabe 3-1 Masataka Gōda
39[10] 2013 Akira Watanabe (2) 3-0 Hiroyuki Miura
40[11] 2014 Akira Watanabe (3) 3-0 Yoshiharu Habu
41[12] 2015 Akira Watanabe (4) 3-1 Amahiko Satō
42[4] 2016 Akira Watanabe (5) 3-2 Shōta Chida
43[13] 2017 Akira Watanabe (6) 3-2 Takuya Nagase
44[14] 2018 Akira Watanabe (7) 3-1 Akihito Hirose
45[15] 2019 Akira Watanabe (8) 3-1 Kei Honda

Records
  • Most titles overall: Yoshiharu Habu, 13
  • Most consecutive titles: Yoshiharu Habu, 12 in a row (1991-2002)
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References
  1. "Kiōsen Gaiyō" 棋王戦概要 [Kiō Match Overview] (in Japanese). Japan Shogi Association. Retrieved 28 June 2014.
  2. "Yoku Aru Goshitsumon: Eisei Shōgō no Kitei wa Dō Natteiru no Deshōka" よくあるご質問：永世称号の規定はどうなっているのでしょうか。 [FAQ: What are the requirements for Lifetime Titles?] (in Japanese). Japan Shogi Association. Retrieved 28 June 2014.
  3. "Eisei Shōgō･ Meiyo Shōgō Kakutokusha Ichiran" 永世称号･名誉称号 獲得者一覧 [List of Lifetime Title Holders] (in Japanese). Japan Shogi Association. Archived from the original on 31 August 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
  4. Yamamura, Hideki (27 March 2017). "Watanabe Gorenpa, Eisei Kiō ni Ryuō to Nikan Iji" 渡辺5連覇, 永世棋王に 竜王と2冠維持 [Watanabe wins fifth in a row to become a Lifetime Kiō and continue to simultaneously hold two major titles]. Mainichi Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 28 March 2017.
  5. "Kiōsen Kako no Kekka" 棋王戦過去の結果 [Kiō Match Past Results] (in Japanese). Japan Shogi Association. Retrieved 28 June 2014.
  6. "Kubo Kiō ga Bōei, Nikan Kenji, Satō Kudan ni Sansho Nihai" 久保棋王が防衛, 2冠堅持 佐藤九段に3勝2敗 [Kubo Kiō defends title and remains a 2 crown by defeating Satō 9 dan 3 games to 2]. Japan Press Network 47 News (in Japanese). Kyodo News. 30 March 2010. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  7. "Kubo Kiō ga Sanrenpa, Watanabe Ryūō Kudasu, Shōgi･Dai Sanjūroku Kiōsen" 久保棋王が3連覇, 渡辺竜王下す 将棋･第36期棋王戦 [36th Kiō Match: Kubo Kiō defeats Watanabe Ryūō to holds title for 3rd consecutive year.]. Asahi Shimbun Digital (in Japanese). 18 March 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  8. "Shōgi･Gōda Kudan ga Kiō Dasshu, Jūnenburi Taitoru" 将棋･郷田九段が棋王奪取 10年ぶりタイトル [Shogi's Goda 9 dan captures Kiō title to win first major title in 10 years.]. Asahi Shimbun Digital (in Japanese). 17 March 2012. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  9. "Watanabe ōshō ga Shijō Hachininme Sankan! Kiōi Dasshu, Sangatsu dake de Nikan" 渡辺王将が史上8人目3冠! 棋王位奪取, 3月だけで2冠 [Watanabe ōshō captures the Kiō title to become only the 8th professional ever to simultaneously hold 3 or more major titles! Captures two major title in March alone.]. Sports Nippon (in Japanese). 25 March 2013. Archived from the original on 29 March 2013. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  10. "Watanabe Kiō ga Hatsubōei, Sanrenshō de Miura Kudan Kudasu: Kiōsen" 渡辺棋王が初防衛, 3連勝で三浦九段下す 棋王戦 [Watanabe Kiō successfully defends title for the first time. Defeats Miura 9-dan by winning 3 straight games.]. Asahi Shimbun Digital (in Japanese). 16 March 2014. Archived from the original on 16 March 2014. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  11. "Kiōsen, Watanabe ga Sanrenshō de Sanrenpa, Habu Yonkan o Attō" 棋王戦, 渡辺が3連勝で3連覇 羽生4冠を圧倒 [Watanabe crushes Habu 4-crown by winning three games in a row to hold Kiō title for the third consecutive year.]. Hokkaido Shimbun (in Japanese). 8 March 2015. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  12. "Kiōsen, Watanabe Kiō ga Yonrenpa" 棋王戦, 渡辺棋王が4連覇 [Watanabe wins Kiō for 4th consecutive year]. Sankei Shimbun (in Japanese). 21 March 2016. Retrieved 27 March 2016.
  13. Yamamura, Hideki (30 March 2018). "Kiōsen, Watanabe ga Bōei Rokurenpa Nagase Shichidan Kudasu" 棋王戦, 渡辺が防衛 6連覇 永瀬七段降す [Kiō Match: Watanabe defeats Nagase 7d to win 6th in a row]. Mainichi Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 1 April 2018.
  14. "Shōgi Kiōsen Watanabe Nikan ga Taitoru Bōei Nanarenpa" 将棋 棋王戦 渡辺二冠がタイトル防衛 7連覇 [Watanabe 2-crown defends Kiō title to win it for the 7th consecutive time] (in Japanese). NHK. 17 March 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
  15. "Kiōsen, Watanabe Akira Sankan ga Hachirenpa...Honda Godan Yaburi Sanshō Ippai de Bōei" 棋王戦, 渡辺明三冠が8連覇...本田奎五段破り3勝1敗で防衛 [Akira Watanabe 3-crown defeats Honda 5-dan to defend title and win the Kiō title for the eighth consecutive time]. Yomiuri Shimbun (in Japanese). 17 March 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
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