Ōi (shogi)

Ōi (王位) is one of the eight titles in Japanese professional shogi. The word means "the king's rank" (王 ō 'king' + 位 i 'rank, position').

The annual tournament started in 1960 sponsored by a group of local newspapers which has consisted of Shimbun Sansha Rengō (Three-Newspaper Association).[1][lower-alpha 1] With the addition of Ōi, there were four major shogi titles along with Meijin, Ninth Dan (Ryūō), and Ōshō.

The challenger for the title is determined by three-step preliminary round that comprises 1st heat, league competition and final playoff. Top eight players in 1st heat and top four players of previous year are divided into two six-player leagues. Top one of each league advances to final playoff, and the winner of one-game match becomes the challenger.

The player that wins four games out of seven first in the championship will become the new Ōi title holder. Each championship games assign players a six-hour playtime during two days.[1]

Lifetime Ōi
Shogi pieces used during the fourth game of the 56th Oi sen in 2015.

Lifetime Ōi (永世王位, eisei Ōi) is the title awarded to a player who won the championship five times in a row or ten times in total. Active players may qualify for this title, but it is only officially awarded upon their retirement or death.[2]

Only three professionals have qualified for the Lifetime Oi.[2] They are as follows:

Winners
No. Year Winner Score Opponent
1 1960 Yasuharu Oyama 4–1 Masao Tsukada
2 1961 Yasuharu Oyama (2) 4–1 Yuzō Maruta
3 1962 Yasuharu Oyama (3) 4–0 Motoji Hanamura
4 1963 Yasuharu Oyama (4) 4–2 Hifumi Katō
5 1964 Yasuharu Oyama (5) 4–2 Tatsuya Futakami
6 1965 Yasuharu Oyama (6) 4–0 Daigoroh Satō
7 1966 Yasuharu Oyama (7) 4–1 Michio Ariyoshi
8 1967 Yasuharu Oyama (8) 4–1 Nobuyuki Ōuchi
9 1968 Yasuharu Oyama (9) 4–2 Michio Ariyoshi
10 1969 Yasuharu Oyama (10) 4–2 Kazuyoshi Nishimura
11 1970 Yasuharu Oyama (11) 4–1 Kunio Yonenaga
12 1971 Yasuharu Oyama (12) 4–3 Makoto Nakahara
13 1972 Kunio Naitō 4–1 Yasuharu Oyama
14 1973 Makoto Nakahara 4–0 Kunio Naitō
15 1974 Makoto Nakahara (2) 4–2 Kunio Yonenaga
16 1975 Makoto Nakahara (3) 4–2 Kunio Naitō
17 1976 Makoto Nakahara (4) 4–2 Osamu Katsuura
18 1977 Makoto Nakahara (5) 4–2 Kunio Yonenaga
19 1978 Makoto Nakahara (6) 4–1 Yasuharu Oyama
20 1979 Kunio Yonenaga 4–3 Makoto Nakahara
21 1980 Makoto Nakahara (7) 4–0 Kunio Yonenaga
22 1981 Makoto Nakahara (8) 4–3 Yasuharu Oyama
23 1982 Kunio Naitō (2) 4–2 Makoto Nakahara
24 1983 Michio Takahashi 4–2 Kunio Naitō
25 1984 Hifumi Katō 4–3 Michio Takahashi
26 1985 Michio Takahashi (2) 4–0 Hifumi Katō
27 1986 Michio Takahashi (3) 4–0 Kunio Yonenaga
28 1987 Koji Tanigawa 4–1 Michio Takahashi
29 1988 Keiji Mori 4–3 Koji Tanigawa
30 1989 Koji Tanigawa (2) 4–1 Keiji Mori
31 1990 Koji Tanigawa (3) 4–3 Yasumitsu Satō
32 1991 Koji Tanigawa (4) 4–2 Hiroki Nakata
33 1992 Masataka Goda 4–2 Koji Tanigawa
34 1993 Yoshiharu Habu 4–0 Masataka Goda
35 1994 Yoshiharu Habu (2) 4–3 Masataka Goda
36 1995 Yoshiharu Habu (3) 4–2 Masataka Goda
37 1996 Yoshiharu Habu (4) 4–1 Koichi Fukaura
38 1997 Yoshiharu Habu (5) 4–1 Yasumitsu Satō
39 1998 Yoshiharu Habu (6) 4–2 Yasumitsu Satō
40 1999 Yoshiharu Habu (7) 4–0 Koji Tanigawa
41 2000 Yoshiharu Habu (8) 4–3 Koji Tanigawa
42 2001 Yoshiharu Habu (9) 4–0 Nobuyuki Yashiki
43 2002 Koji Tanigawa (5) 4–1 Yoshiharu Habu
44 2003 Koji Tanigawa (6) 4–1 Yoshiharu Habu
45 2004 Yoshiharu Habu (10) 4–1 Koji Tanigawa
46 2005 Yoshiharu Habu (11) 4–3 Yasumitsu Satō
47 2006 Yoshiharu Habu (12) 4–2 Yasumitsu Satō
48 2007 Koichi Fukaura 4–3 Yoshiharu Habu
49 2008 Koichi Fukaura (2) 4–3 Yoshiharu Habu
50 2009 Koichi Fukaura (3) 4–3 Kazuki Kimura
51 2010 Akihito Hirose 4–2 Koichi Fukaura
52 2011 Yoshiharu Habu (13) 4–3 Akihito Hirose
53 2012 Yoshiharu Habu (14) 4–1[6] Takeshi Fujii
54 2013 Yoshiharu Habu (15) 4–1[7] Hisashi Namekata
55 2014 Yoshiharu Habu (16) 4–2–1[8][lower-alpha 2] Kazuki Kimura
56 2015 Yoshiharu Habu (17) 4–1[10] Akihito Hirose
57 2016 Yoshiharu Habu (18) 4–3[11] Kazuki Kimura
58 2017 Tatsuya Sugai 4–1[12] Yoshiharu Habu
59 2018 Masayuki Toyoshima 4–3[13] Tatsuya Sugai
60 2019 Kazuki Kimura (1) 4–3[14] Masayuki Toyoshima

Records
  • Most titles overall: Yoshiharu Habu, 18
  • Most consecutive titles: Yasuharu Oyama, 12 in a row (1960-1971)
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See also

Notes
  1. Despite its name, Shimbun Sansha Rengō is currently formed by six newspapers: Hokkaido Shimbun, Tokyo Shimbun, Chunichi Shimbun, Kobe Shimbun, Tokushima Shimbun and Nishinippon Shimbun.[1]
  2. Game three ended in impasse after 178 moves and was officially recorded as a draw. This was the first drawn championship-round game in the history of the tournament. It was also the first time in 22 years that a championship-round game in one of the seven major title matches ended in impasse.[9]

References
  1. 王位戦について [About the Oi Tournament] (in Japanese). 新聞三社連合. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
  2. 永世称号の規定はどうなっているのでしょうか。 [What are the requirements for lifetime titles?] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
  3. 物故棋士一覧　（1955年以降） [List of deceased professionals (from 1955)] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
  4. 棋士紹介: 中原誠 [Player introduction: Makoto Nakahara] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
  5. 棋士紹介: 羽生善治 [Player introduction: Yoshiharu Habu] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
  6. "Shōgi･Dai Gojūsanki Ōisen Fujii Shisutemu, Habu ni Oyobazu" 将棋･第53期王位戦 藤井システム, 羽生に及ばず [Shogi-53rd Ōi Match: Fujii System no match for Habu]. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). August 28, 2012. Retrieved September 7, 2015.
  7. "Habu Ōi Sanrenpa Tsūsan Jūgoki" 羽生王位3連覇 通算15期 [Habu Ōi wins title for 3rd consecutive time and 15th time overall]. Hokkaido Shimbun (in Japanese). Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 18, 2017.
  8. "Dai Gojugoki Oisen Habu ga Kachi Boei" 第55期王位戦 羽生が勝ち防衛 [55th Oisen: Habu wins and defends title]. Hokkaido Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved September 7, 2015.
  9. "Ōisen Daisankyoku wa Jishōgi ni Hisei no Kimura, Nebatte Seiritsu" 王位戦第3局は持将棋に 非勢の木村, 粘って成立 [Kimura hangs on in an inferior position as game three of the Ōi match ends in impasse.]. Kobe Shimbun (in Japanese). August 6, 2014. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
  10. "Habu Ōi ga Bōei, Gonen Renzoku Tsūsan Jūnanakime" 羽生王位が防衛, 5年連続通算17期目 [Habu Ōi defends title for 5th consecutive year and 17th time overall]. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). August 27, 2015. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
  11. "Habu ga Taitoru Bōei, Kimura Hachidan Yaburu, Shōgi Ōisen Dai Nana-kyoku" 羽生がタイトル防衛 木村八段破る 将棋王位戦第7局 [Shogi Ōi Match Game 7: Habu defends title by defeating Kimura 8d]. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). September 27, 2016. Retrieved September 28, 2016.
  12. Yamamura, Hideki (August 30, 2017). "Sugai, Hatsu Taitoru no Ōi Kakutoku, Shikkan no Habu wa Nikan ni" 菅井, 初タイトルの王位獲得 失冠の羽生は2冠に [Sugai wins Oi match for first title, Habu defeated and loses title to become 2 crown]. Mainichi Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved August 31, 2017.
  13. "Ōi Dashu de Toyoshima Nikan ni; Shōgi, Hitori Ichi Taitoru Kuzureru" 王位奪取で豊島二冠に 将棋, 1人1タイトル崩れる [Toyoshima captures Ōi title to become 2-crown, and ends period of each major title being held by different person]. The Nikkei (in Japanese). September 27, 2018. Retrieved September 28, 2018.
  14. "「Chūnensei no Hoshi」Yonjūrokusai・Kimura ga Shin Ōi Shōgi Sainenchō Hatsu Taitoru" 「中年の星」46歳・木村が新王位　将棋最年長初タイトル [’Middle-age star’: 46-year-old Kimura is the new Ōi title holder; becomes oldest player to win major title for first time.]. The Nikkei (in Japanese). September 26, 2019. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
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