Kazys Grinius

Kazys Grinius ([kɐˈzʲiːs ˈɡʲrʲɪnʲʊs] (listen), 17 December 1866 – 4 June 1950) was the third President of Lithuania, and held that office from 7 June 1926 to 17 December 1926.[1]

Kazys Grinius
3rd President of Lithuania
In office 7 June 1926 – 17 December 1926
Preceded by	Aleksandras Stulginskis
Succeeded by	Jonas Staugaitis (Acting)
Personal details
Born	(1866-12-17)17 December 1866 Selema, Augustów Governorate, Russian Empire
Died	4 June 1950(1950-06-04) (aged 83) Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Political party	Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union
Spouse(s)	Joana Pavalkytė-Griniuvienė Kristina Arsaitė-Grinienė
Children	Liūtas Grinius (died 1989)
Alma mater	Imperial Moscow University (1893)

Early life

Grinius was born in Selema, near Marijampolė, in the Augustów Governorate of Congress Poland, which was part of the Russian Empire.

He studied medicine at the University of Moscow and became a physician. As a young man, he became involved in Lithuanian political activities, and was persecuted by the Tsarist authorities. In 1896, he was one of the founders of the Lithuanian Democratic Party (LDP) and Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union (LVLS) party.

That same year he married Joana Pavalkytė. For some time they lived in Virbalis. In 1899, their son Kazys was born, and in 1902, their daughter Gražina was born. During World War I they lived in Kislovodsk. In 1918, during a Red Army attack his wife and daughter were killed. They were buried in Kislovodsk cemetery.

Career

When Lithuania regained its independence in 1918, Grinius became a member of the Constituent Assembly as a member of the Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union party. He served as Prime Minister from 1920 until 1922, and signed a treaty with the Soviet Union.

He was elected President by the Third Seimas, but served for only six months, as he was deposed in a coup led by Antanas Smetona, under the pretext that there was an imminent communist plot to take over Lithuania. (Smetona took the Presidency after two others held the office for less than a day each.)

When Nazi Germany invaded Lithuania in 1941, Grinius refused to collaborate with the Germans because of his opposition to the occupation of Lithuania by any foreign power. He fled to the West, when the Soviet army reoccupied Lithuania in 1944, and emigrated to the United States in 1947.[1]

He died in Chicago, Illinois in 1950.[1] After Lithuania regained its independence in 1990, his remains were returned and buried there.

See also

• List of rulers of Lithuania

References

1. "Kazys Grinius". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 17 October 2009.

External links

• Information about Kazys Grinius

Preceded by Ernestas Galvanauskas	Prime Minister of Lithuania 19 June 1920 – 2 February 1922	Succeeded by Ernestas Galvanauskas
Preceded by Aleksandras Stulginskis	President of Lithuania 7 June 1926 – 17 December 1926	Succeeded by Jonas Staugaitis (acting)