Kanuma, Tochigi

Kanuma (鹿沼市, Kanuma-shi) is a city located in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 August 2020, the city had an estimated population of 94,926 in 36,795 households[1], and a population density of 190 persons per km². The total area of the town is 490.64 km2 (189.44 sq mi).

Kanuma

鹿沼市
City
Kanuma City Hall
Flag
Seal
Location of Kanuma in Tochigi Prefecture
Kanuma
 
Coordinates: 36°34′1.5″N 139°44′42.2″E
CountryJapan
RegionKantō
PrefectureTochigi
Area
 • Total490.64 km2 (189.44 sq mi)
Population
 (August 2020)
 • Total94,926
 • Density190/km2 (500/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
- TreeCryptomeria
- FlowerSatsuki azalea
Phone number0289-64-2111
Address1688-1 Imamiyachō, Kanuma-shi, Tochigi-ken 322-0068
WebsiteOfficial website
Imamiya Shrine Festival

Geography

Kanuma is located in central Tochigi Prefecture. The cities is located in the northern part of the Kanto region. The western half of the city area is occupied by the Ashio Mountains, and the eastern half by a diluvial plateau called Kanuma Plateau. The city is bordered by the prefectural capital of Utsunomiya to the east.

Surrounding municipalities

Tochigi Prefecture

Gunma Prefecture

Climate

Kanuma has a Humid continental climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kanuma is 12.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1501 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.3 °C, and lowest in January, at around 1.4 °C.[2]

Climate data for Kanuma（1981-2010）
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.0
(62.6)		 21.2
(70.2)		 26.2
(79.2)		 29.5
(85.1)		 34.0
(93.2)		 37.0
(98.6)		 36.3
(97.3)		 36.5
(97.7)		 35.6
(96.1)		 31.4
(88.5)		 24.0
(75.2)		 23.2
(73.8)		 37.0
(98.6)
Average high °C (°F) 7.7
(45.9)		 8.4
(47.1)		 11.8
(53.2)		 17.7
(63.9)		 21.8
(71.2)		 24.5
(76.1)		 27.9
(82.2)		 29.6
(85.3)		 25.7
(78.3)		 20.5
(68.9)		 15.2
(59.4)		 10.4
(50.7)		 18.4
(65.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 1.3
(34.3)		 2.0
(35.6)		 5.5
(41.9)		 11.3
(52.3)		 16.2
(61.2)		 19.8
(67.6)		 23.2
(73.8)		 24.5
(76.1)		 20.7
(69.3)		 14.9
(58.8)		 8.8
(47.8)		 3.6
(38.5)		 12.6
(54.7)
Average low °C (°F) −3.9
(25.0)		 −3.3
(26.1)		 −0.3
(31.5)		 5.2
(41.4)		 11.1
(52.0)		 15.8
(60.4)		 19.6
(67.3)		 20.8
(69.4)		 17.0
(62.6)		 10.4
(50.7)		 3.8
(38.8)		 −1.4
(29.5)		 7.9
(46.2)
Record low °C (°F) −10.9
(12.4)		 −11.3
(11.7)		 −9.3
(15.3)		 −4.7
(23.5)		 1.0
(33.8)		 7.8
(46.0)		 11.4
(52.5)		 12.2
(54.0)		 5.5
(41.9)		 0.1
(32.2)		 −4.3
(24.3)		 −9.1
(15.6)		 −11.3
(11.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 36.8
(1.45)		 43.7
(1.72)		 91.1
(3.59)		 129.2
(5.09)		 151.2
(5.95)		 190.6
(7.50)		 227.7
(8.96)		 249.7
(9.83)		 234.9
(9.25)		 154.9
(6.10)		 75.6
(2.98)		 33.6
(1.32)		 1,618.8
(63.73)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 4.0 5.4 9.5 11.0 12.5 14.9 16.3 13.4 13.9 10.1 6.8 3.5 121.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours 194.5 180.6 183.3 179.8 163.1 113.2 115.4 141.0 116.3 140.0 162.4 189.0 1,877.8
Source 1: 理科年表
Source 2: Japan Meteorological Agency (averages：1981-2010、peaks：1888-present)[3][4]

Demographics

Per Japanese census data,[5] the population of Kanuma has remained relatively steadily over the past 30 years.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1920 68,981—    
1930 74,561+8.1%
1940 77,462+3.9%
1950 98,504+27.2%
1960 91,896−6.7%
1970 89,196−2.9%
1980 95,999+7.6%
1990 101,098+5.3%
2000 104,764+3.6%
2010 103,257−1.4%

History

Kanuma was the castle town for a 25,000 koku feudal domain in the early Edo period. Even after the domain was suppressed by the Tokugawa shogunate, the area continued to prosper from its location with a number of post stations on the Nikkō Reiheishi Kaidō. The town of Kanuma was created on April 1, 1889 with the establishment of then modern municipalities system. It was raised to city status on October 10, 1948. On January 1, 2006, the town of Awano (from Kamitsuga District) was merged into Kanuma.

Government

Kanuma has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 24 members. Kanuma contributes three members to the Tochigi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Tochigi 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy

The economy of Kanuma is primarily agricultural. Hemp was once a major cash crop, but has been supplanted by soba and strawberries.

Education

Kanuma has 24 primary schools and ten middle schools operated by the city government. The city has four public high schools operated by the Tochigi Prefectural Board of Education.[6]

Transportation

Railway

JR East – Nikkō Line

Tobu Railway – Tobu Nikkō Line

Highway

Local attractions

External relations

Noted people
gollark: Although I only ever ended up writing something like one nontrivial Rust program.
gollark: I mostly end up thinking the same thing, which is why my complex stuff is primarily done in TypeScript, but for things when performance matters I do use Rust.
gollark: For some stuff, probably.
gollark: Well, C(++) has better compatibility, but Rust has saner build systems and does not have C(++)'s near-total lack of safety.
gollark: Everyone knows you need to base it on random programming blog posts complaining/praising languages instead.

References
  1. "Kanuma City official statistics" (in Japanese). Japan.
  2. Kanuma climate data
  3. "平年値（年ごとの値）". Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved 2012-08-10.
  4. "観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）". Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved 2012-08-10.
  5. Kanuma population statistics
  6. "Elementary and junior high schools". Kanuma City. 3 April 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
  7. Bakken, Ryan (2003-10-21). "Japanese Residents Will Dedicate New Garden". Grand Forks Herald.

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