Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
The Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary is a forest located near Visakhapatnam. It has been under the control of Andhra Pradesh Forest Department since 10 March 1970. Earlier the land was under the control of Maharajah of Vizianagaram. It was named after the local hillock Kambalakonda. It is a dry evergreen forest mixed with scrub and meadows and covers an area of 70.70 square kilometers. The indicator species is the Indian leopard.[1]
| Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary | |
|---|---|
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
 Kambalakonda WIldlife Sanctuary morning view | |
.svg.png)  Location of Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary in Andhra Pradesh, India | |
| Location | Andhra Pradesh, India |
| Nearest city | Visakhapatnam |
| Coordinates | 17°49′31″N 83°18′31″E |
| Area | 70.70 km2 (17,470 acres) |
| Established | 10 March 1970 |
| Governing body | Andhra Pradesh Forest Department |
Eastern Ghats view in Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
Calotes versicolor basking on grass at Kambalakonda
View of Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary from Gudilova
_East_Indian_screw_tree_seed_at_Kambalakonda_09.JPG)
Helicteres isora (east Indian screw tree) at Kambalakonda
Carissa spinarum flowers at Kambalakonda
Polyalthia cerasoides red berries bunch at Kambalakonda
Pachliopta hector moving on grass leaf at Kambalakonda
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Purple-rumped sunbird (Leptocoma zeylonica)
_at_Kambalakonda.jpg)
Red cedar fruit Erythroxylum monogynum at Kambalakonda
_spotted_deer_at_Kambalakonda.jpg)
Axis axis (spotted deer) at Kambalakonda
Geography
The sanctuary is located from latitudes of 17.34° N to 17.47° N and longitudes of 83.04° E to 83.20° E. The location corresponds to an area west of National Highway 16 on the northern side of Visakhapatnam and Pendurthi in Visakhapatnam district. It can be reached by road about 3 km from Visakhapatnam, opposite to zoo park.
The sanctuary has a dry evergreen forest mixed with scrub and meadows. The terrain is hilly with steep slopes.
Flora and fauna
Flora
There is diverse flora and fauna in this sanctuary representing the Eastern Ghats. Floral diversity is high and includes:
| Common name | Formal name | Local name |
|---|---|---|
| Indian licorice | Abrus precatorius | గురువింద |
| Tree of Heaven | Ailanthus excelsa | పెదమాను |
| Sage-leaved alangium | Alangium salviifolium | ఊడుగ |
| Neem tree | Azadirachta indica | వేప |
| Indian thorny bamboo | Bambusa bambos | ముళ్ళవెదురు |
| Bidi leaf tree | Bauhinia racemosa | తెల్ల ఆరె |
| Mountain pomegranate | Catunaregam spinosa | మంగ |
| East Indian satinwood | Chloroxylon swietenia | బిల్లుడు |
| Buttercup tree | Cochlospermum religiosum | కొండగోగు |
| Golden shower tree | Cassia fistula | రేల |
| Bush plum tree | Carissa spinarum | వాక |
| Indian rosewood | Dalbergia sissoo | ఇరుగుడుసేవ |
| Banyan tree | Ficus benghalensis | మర్రి |
| Hairy fig tree | Ficus hispida | బొడ్డ |
| Indian fig tree | Ficus racemosa | మేడి |
| White fig tree | Ficus virens | జువ్వి |
| Indian boxwood | Gardenia latifolia | పెదకరింగ |
| Dhaman tree | Grewia tiliaefolia | తడ |
| White teak | Gmelina arborea | గుమ్మడి టేకు |
| Indian screw tree | Helicteres isora | నులి తడ |
| Indian ash tree | Lannea coromandelica | గుంపెన |
| Ironwood tree | Manilkara hexandra | పాల |
| Indian mulberry | Morinda tinctoria | తగర |
| Jungle berry | Polyalthia cerasoides | దుద్దుగ |
| Dinnerplate tree | Pterospermum suberifolium | కనకచంపకం |
| Jamun tree | Syzygium cumini | నేరేడు |
| Red cutch tree | Senegalia chundra | చండ్ర |
| Teak | Tectona grandis | టేకు |
| White babul | Vachellia leucophloea | తెల్లతుమ్మ |
| Indigo tree | Wrightia tinctoria | ఆంకుడు |
Fauna
There is a varied fauna[2] present in the sanctuary.
Mammals
| Common name | Formal name | Observed |
|---|---|---|
| Indian muntjac | Muntiacus muntjak | Common |
| Indian spotted chevrotain | Moschiola indica | Common |
| Indian leopard | Panthera pardus fusca | Rare |
| Indian jackal | Canis aureus indicus | Rare |
| Indian wild dog | Cuon alpinus | Rare |
| Indian pangolin | Manis crassicaudata | Rare |
| Indian boar | Sus scrofa cristatus | Common |
| Indian crested porcupine | Hystrix indica | Common |
| Indian hare | Lepus nigricollis | Common |
| Rusty-spotted cat | Prionailurus rubiginosus | Rare |
| Jungle cat | Felis chaus | Common |
| Madras treeshrew[3] | Anathana ellioti | Rare |
| Ruddy mongoose | Herpestes smithii | Common |
| Sambar deer | Rusa unicolor | Common |
| Spotted deer | Axis axis | Common |
| Asian palm civet | Paradoxurus hermaphroditus | Common |
Reptiles
| Common name | Formal name | Observed |
|---|---|---|
| Indian python | Python molurus | Rare |
| Rat snake | Ptyas mucosus | Common |
| Indian cobra | Naja naja | Common |
| Common Indian bronzeback | Dendrelaphis tristis | Common |
| Common Asian vine snake | Ahaetulla nasuta | Rare |
| Russell's viper | Daboia russelii | Rare |
| Indian chameleon | Chamaeleo zeylanicus | Common |
| Bengal monitor | Varanus bengalensis | Common |
Birds
| Common name | Formal name | Observed[4] |
|---|---|---|
| Indian paradise flycatcher | Terpsiphone paradisi | Common |
| Rufous treepie | Dendrocitta vagabunda | Common |
| Black drongo | Dicrurus macrocercus | Common |
| Indian golden oriole | Oriolus kundoo | Rare |
| Indian peafowl | Pavo cristatus | Rare |
| Grey francolin | Francolinus pondicerianus | Rare |
| Laughing dove | Spilopelia senegalensis | Common |
| Spotted dove | Spilopelia chinensis | Common |
| Red-wattled lapwing | Vanellus indicus | Common |
| Rose-ringed parakeet | Psittacula krameri | Common |
| Pied crested cuckoo | Clamator jacobinus | Common |
| Barn owl | Tyto alba | Rare |
| Spotted owlet | Athene brama | Common |
| Green bee-eater | Merops orientalis | Common |
| Indian grey hornbill | Ocyceros birostris | Rare |
| Indian roller | Coracias benghalensis | Common |
| Red-whiskered bulbul | Pycnonotus jocosus | Common |
| Indian robin | Copsychus fulicatus | Common |
| Baya weaver | Ploceus philippinus | Common |
| White wagtail | Motacilla alba | Common |
| Pied kingfisher | Ceryle rudis | Common |
| Banded bay cuckoo | Cacomantis sonneratii | Rare |
| Purple-rumped sunbird | Nectarinia zeylonica | Common |
| Painted spurfowl | Galloperdix lunulata | Rare |
| White-bellied sea eagle | Haliaeetus leucogaster | Rare |
Butterflies
| Common name | Formal name | Observed[5] |
|---|---|---|
| Lemon pansy | Junonia lemonias | Common |
| Anomalous nawab | Charaxes agraria | Common |
| Indian sunbeam | Curetis thetis | Common |
| Plain tiger | Danaus chrysippus | Common |
| Peacock pansy | Junonia almana | Rare |
| Common banded peacock | Papilio crino | Rare |
| Great eggfly | Hypolimnas bolina | Common |
| Common crow | Euploea core | Common |
| Danaid eggfly | Hypolimnas misippus | Common |
| Lime swallowtail | Papilio demoleus | Common |
| Blue tiger | Tirumala limniace | Common |
| Common Mormon | Papilio polytes | Common |
| Mottled emigrant | Catopsilia pyranthe | Common |
| Common jay | Graphium doson | Common |
| Dark grass blue | Zizeeria karsandra | Common |
| Common gull | Cepora nerissa | Common |
| Monkey puzzle | Rathinda amor | Common |
| Common pierrot | Castalius rosimon | Common |
| Baronet | Euthalia nais | Rare |
Gallery
Pentatomid nymph at Kambalakonda, Visakhapatnam
Capparis zeylanica shrub kambalakonda, Visakhapatnam
Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary, Visakhapatnam
Indian peafowl at Kambalakonda, Visakhapatnam
Reflections at Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
Forest at Kambalakonda Visakhapatnam
Rest area at Kambalakonda Ecopark
Greenery at Kambalakonda Eco Park
Eastern Ghats of Kambalakonda_at_Kambalakonda_02.jpg)
Mottled emigrant butterflies (Catopsilia pyranthe) at Kambalakonda
Huge anthill at Kambalakonda.jpg)
A dragon fly (helicopter) at Kambalakonda
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See also
References
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2006/09/28/stories/2006092803301900.htm
- "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2017.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- http://eghats.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Avifauna-of-Kambalakonda.pdf
- http://www.ijpaes.com/admin/php/uploads/500_pdf.pdf
External links
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