Kalyna (cipher)
Kalyna (Ukrainian: Калина, Viburnum opulus) is a symmetric block cipher. It supports block sizes of 128, 256 or 512 bits; the key length is either equal to or double the block size.
| General | |
|---|---|
| First published | 2010; 2014/2015 (Standard) |
| Related to | Rijndael (AES) |
| Certification | DSTU 7624:2014 (Ukraine) |
| Cipher detail | |
| Key sizes | 128, 256 or 512 bits |
| Block sizes | 128, 256 or 512 bits |
| Structure | SPN |
| Rounds | 10, 14 or 18 (depending on key size) |
Kalyna was adopted as the national encryption standard of Ukraine in 2015 (standard DSTU 7624:2014) after holding Ukrainian national cryptographic competition. Kalyna is a substitution-permutation network and its design is based on the Rijndael (AES) encryption function having quite different key schedule, another set of four different S-boxes and increased MDS matrix size.
Kalyna has 10 rounds for 128-bit keys, 14 rounds for 256-bit keys and 18 rounds for 512-bit keys. Independent researchers proposed some attacks on reduced-round variants of Kalyna, but all of them have a very high complexity and none of them are practical.
| Word size | Block size | Key size | Identification | Rounds |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 bits | 128 bits | 1×128 = 128 bits | Kalyna-128/128 | 10 |
| 2×128 = 256 bits | Kalyna-128/256 | 14 | ||
| 256 bits | 1×256 = 256 bits | Kalyna-256/256 | ||
| 2×256 = 512 bits | Kalyna-256/512 | 18 | ||
| 512 bits | 1×512 = 512 bits | Kalyna-512/512 |
References
- Roman Oliynykov, Ivan Gorbenko, Oleksandr Kazymyrov, Victor Ruzhentsev, Oleksandr Kuznetsov, Yurii Gorbenko, Oleksandr Dyrda, Viktor Dolgov, Andrii Pushkaryov, Ruslan Mordvinov, Dmytro Kaidalov. A New Encryption Standard of Ukraine: The Kalyna Block Cipher. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive, p650 (2015) https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/650
- Roman Oliynykov, Ivan Gorbenko, Viktor Dolgov and Viktor Ruzhentsev. Results of Ukrainian national public cryptographic competition. Tatra Mt. Math. Publ. 47 (2010), 99–113. DOI: 10.2478/v10127-010-0033-6 https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/tmmp.2010.47.issue-1/v10127-010-0033-6/v10127-010-0033-6.xml
- Roman Oliynykov. Kalyna block cipher presentation (in English) http://www.slideshare.net/oliynykov/kalyna-english
- Akshima, Donghoon Chang, Mohona Ghosh, Aarushi Goel, Somitra Kumar Sanadhya. Single Key Recovery Attacks on 9-Round Kalyna-128/256 and Kalyna-256/512. Volume 9558 of the series Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 119–135. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-30840-1_8
- Riham Altawy, Ahmed Abdelkhalek, Amr M. Youssef. A Meet-in-the-Middle Attack on Reduced-Round Kalyna-b/2b. IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, Vol. E99-D, No.4, pp. 1246–1250. http://search.ieice.org/bin/summary.php?id=e99-d_4_1246
