Jogaku zasshi

Jogaku zasshi (女学雑誌; meaning Education of Women Magazine in English) was a Japanese women's magazine published in Tokyo, Japan, during the Meiji era between July 1885 and February 1904. It is the first women's magazine in the country.[1]

Jogaku zasshi
EditorIwamoto Yoshiharu
CategoriesWomen's magazine
FounderIwamoto Yoshiharu
Kondō Kenzō
Year founded1885
First issueJuly 1885
Final issueFebruary 1904
CountryJapan
Based inTokyo
LanguageJapanese
OCLC13749099

History and profile

The first issue of Jogaku zasshi appeared in July 1885.[2] The founders were Iwamoto Yoshiharu and Kondō Kenzō.[3] It was launched as a successor of their former magazine, Jogaku shinshi, that was launched in 1884.[3] Iwamoto also edited the magazine.[2] Early editions of Jogaku zasshi featured plain informative articles which soon became more sophisticated and more literary-oriented to compete with its rival Kokumin no Tomo which was started in February 1887.[2]

In May 1887 Iwamoto Yoshiharu published an article in Jogaku zasshi criticising Japanese prime minister Ito Hirobumi who held a costume party at the official residence.[2] It led to six-week closure of the magazine by the Japanese government.[2] From June 1892 the magazine began to publish articles on literature and social reform one week and articles on family and home another week to accommodate the conservative tendencies of Meiji era.[2] It targeted women and played a significant role in introducing Christianity to the Japanese society and in advocating the western lifestyle.[4]

Although Jogaku zasshi was a women's magazine, the early contributors were mainly male with some exceptions such as Nakajima Shôen (1863-1901), Shimizu Shikin (1867-1933), Miyake Kaho (1868-1944) and Wakamatsu Shizuko (1864-1896).[5] The contributions of the latter two were fiction and translations.[5] However, from 1889 women writers became dominant in the magazine.[3] Next year there were eight women as permanent editorial staff.[3] Well-known contributors included Hoshino Tenchi (1862-1950), Shimazaki Tōson (1872-1943), Kitamura Tōkoku (1868-1894) and Ishibashi Ningetsu (1865-1926).[6] In addition to these literary figures Japanese educator and journalist Fukuzawa Yukichi (1835–1901) was also a frequent contributor of Jogaku zasshi.[7]

The contributors and particularly, the editor of the magazine, Iwamoto Yoshiharu, encouraged women to become active in life, including becoming writers instead of being passive readers.[5][6] They also advocated equal rights for women and marriages based on love and harshly criticised the lack of social awareness among women.[7] In line with these views an interview with Ogino Ginko who was the first Japanese female physician was published in Jogaku zasshi in October 1893.[8]

Over time the magazine lost its influence and finally folded with the issue published in February 1904.[2] During its lifetime Jogaku zasshi produced a total of 526 issues.[9]

gollark: It can run forever and produce no output if it's Turing-cōmplete.
gollark: Halting problem, remember?
gollark: Er, no, impossible.
gollark: Meaningful? Of course not.
gollark: ¿?

References
  1. Akiko Okada (2009). "Christian Reformism and Literature in Jogaku zasshi". Japanese Sociological Review. 60 (2): 242–258. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  2. Michael C. Brownstein (1980). "Jogaku Zasshi and the Founding of Bungakukai" (PDF). Monumenta Nipponica. 35 (3): 319–335. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  3. Margaret Mehl. "Book review (Frauenerziehung und Frauenbild im Umbruch. Ideale von Mädchenerziehung, Frauenrolle und weiblichen Lebensentwürfen in der frühen Jogaku zasshi (1885-1889))". Monumenta Nipponica. 60 (1).
  4. Akiko Okada (2006). "Westernization and Japanese-ness in Jogaku-Zasshi". The Annual review of sociology (19): 61–71. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  5. Hitomi Yoshio (2017). "The Ideal Woman and Jogaku zasshi: Translating Womanhood in Late 19th-Century Japan" (PDF). Waseda Rilas Journal (5). Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  6. Mara Patessio (2001). "Iratsume and Journals for Women in the Early Meiji Period" (Conference paper). Semantic Scholar. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  7. Barbara Sato (February 2018). "Gender, consumerism and women's magazines in interwar Japan". Routledge Handbook of Japanese Media. Routledge.
  8. Ellen Nakamura (2008). "Ogino Ginko's Vision: "The Past and Future of Women Doctors in Japan" (1893)". U.S.-Japan Women's Journal. 34 (3). Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  9. "Jogaku Zasshi (Education of Women Magazine) (女学雑誌)". Japanese Corpus. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.