Jean Victor Audouin

Jean Victor Audouin (27 April 1797 – 9 November 1841), sometimes Victor Audouin, was a French naturalist, an entomologist, herpetologist, ornithologist, and malacologist.

Jean Victor Audouin
Born(1797-04-27)27 April 1797
Paris, France
Died9 November 1841(1841-11-09) (aged 44)
Paris, France
NationalityFrench
Scientific career
Fields
InstitutionsMuséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
Société entomologique de France
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences

Biography

Audouin was born in Paris and was educated in the field of medicine. In 1824 he was appointed assistant to Pierre André Latreille, professor of entomology at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, where in 1833 he became Latreille's successor. In 1838 he became a member of the French Academy of Sciences.[1]

His principal work, Histoire des insectes nuisibles à la vigne (1842), was completed after his death by Henri Milne-Edwards and Émile Blanchard.[2] Many of his papers appeared in the Annales des sciences naturelles, which, with Adolphe Theodore Brongniart and Jean-Baptiste Dumas, he founded in 1824,[3] as well as in the proceedings of the Société entomologique de France, of which he was one of the founders in 1832.[1][4] In 1833, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Audouin also contributed to other branches of natural history. With Brongniart and Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent, he was co-author of the Dictionnaire Classique d'Histoire Naturelle,[4] and with Henri Milne-Edwards, he collaborated on a study of marine animals found in French coastal waters. He also completed Marie Jules César Savigny's ornithological section of Description de l'Egypte (1826). Audouin also studied amphibians and reptiles, and from 1827 to 1829 he described four new species of lizards[5] and one new species of frog.[6]

In 1843, mycologist David Gruby named the fungal species Microsporum audouinii after him.[7] Audouin's gull (Larus audouinii) is an ornithological species named in his honor,[8] as is the red alga Audouinella, and in the French language, the term poche copulatrice d'Audouin (the copulatory pouch of Audouin) is another name for the spermatheca.[9][10]

Publications
  • Histoire des insectes nuisibles à la vigne et particulièrement de la Pyrale qui dévaste les vignobles des départements de la Côte-d'Or, de Saône-et-Loire, du Rhône, de l'Hérault, des Pyrénées-Orientales, de la Haute-Garonne, de la Charente-Inférieure, de la Marne et de Seine-et-Oise, avec l'indication des moyens qu'on doit employer pour la combattre... Paris, Fortin, Masson, 1842
gollark: Wait, do I need to sacrifice RAMs or something to "God" to make it work?
gollark: Do all the monotheistic gods have annoying APIs like this?
gollark: Is Satan easier to reach?
gollark: Does this obey *any actual networking standard*?
gollark: I can't find "God".

References
  1. Chisholm 1911.
  2. Librairie Descarres Quelques livres rares ou curieux présentés au Salon International du Livre Ancien
  3. Archive.org Annales des sciences naturelles
  4. Correspondence familiale Audouin, Jean Victor (1797-1841) et ses descendants
  5. The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
  6. Amphibian Species of the World 6.0, an Online Reference. research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia.
  7. Introduction to the History of Mycology by Geoffrey Clough Ainsworth
  8. British Trust for Ornithology Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii
  9. L'organisation interne des abeilles
  10. Google Books L'Apiculteur, Volumes 37-38 by Société centrale d'apiculture
Attribution
  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Audouin, Jean Victor". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Further reading
  • J. Théodoridès, 1968. Les débuts de la biologie marine en France: Jean-Victor Audouin et Henri-Milne Edwards, 1826-1829. Premier Congrès International d’Histoire de l’Océanographie, Monaco (1966). Bulletin de l’Institut Océanographique (Monaco), Numéro Special 2(2): 417-437
  • Theodorides, Jean (1970). "Audouin, Jean Victor". Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 328–329. ISBN 0-684-10114-9.
  • J. Théodoridès, 1978. Un zoologiste de l’époque romantique, Jean-Victor Audouin (1797-1841). Secrétariat d’État aux Universités, Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques, Mémoires de la Section des Sciences 6: 128 pp
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