Jakup Kardović
Jakup Kardović or Kadrović(1869–1945) was an Islamic cleric and commander of a detachment of the Muslim militia of Rožaje during the Second World War. In November 1941, Kardović distinguished himself during the Battle for Novi Pazar, when he fought against the Chetniks.
Jakup Kardović | |
|---|---|
| Born | March 10, 1869 Biševo, Rožaje, Ottoman Empire |
| Died | February 11, 1945 (aged 75) Rožaje, Yugoslavia (modern-day Montenegro) |
| Allegiance | |
| Years of service | 1941—1945 |
| Unit | detachment of Sandžak Muslim militia from Rožaje |
| Battles/wars | World War II in Yugoslavia
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During World War II
Mullah Jakup was born in the village of Biševo, which is some 4-5 kilometers close to the city of Rožaje. He belonged to a group of notable Muslims from Sandžak. This group advocated using extreme force against Serbs who opposed their feudal obligation (imposed after the Axis occupation of Yugoslavia) to give a quarter of their income to their newly appointed Muslim landlords.[1] He would then join the Sandžak Muslim militia afterwards.
In November 1941, Kardović participated in the Battle for Novi Pazar when the Chetniks alongside the Partisans attempted to capture the city of Novi Pazar. Together with forces of Koničanin and Biko Drešović as well as some Albanian volunteers led by Shaban Polluzha, his forces attacked the rear flanks of the Chetniks which caused them to retreat, ensuring the successful defence of the city and earning the defending forces their victory.[2]
The defenders' success in the battle was celebrated in Novi Pazar, as people waved Albanian flags and shouted glorifying Greater Albania. However, armed bands from the city killed dozens of Serbs in Novi Pazar in only a couple of hours. Drešović's men carried decapitated heads stuck on the bayonets of their rifles and threw them in the garbage. To prevent further killings, Mulla Jakub proposed to imprison all Serbs older than 18 years. Ahmetović accepted this proposal with the intention to use imprisoned Serbs as hostages in the future negotiations with Chetniks.[3]
The occupying Axis forces rewarded Jakup for the actions he undertook with Adem Kurtagić and Šefko Bećiragić, when all Orthodox villages were burnt and their population massacred. During one night, they killed 17 members of Bulatović family in Bjela Crkva and 16 members of Beloica family from Bukovica.[4]
On February 3, 1944 the units of the Muslim militia under command of Mullah Jakup and also Biko Drešević, Sinan Salković and Faik Bahtijarević attacked villages around Kolašin. They were supported by Balli Kombëtar forces from Drenica.[5]
After World War II
After the end of the Second World War, Kardović was sentenced to death and executed as a war criminal by the new authorities of Yugoslavia.[6] The Bosniak Cultural Community organized a commemorative manifestation in honor of Kardović on June 2, 2013, the International Scientific conference "Mullah Jakub Kardović".[7]
References
- Istorijski zapisi. Istorijski institut SR Crne Gore c. 1979. p. 140.
- Ćuković 1964, p. 173.
- Ćuković 1964, p. 174.
- Istorijski zapisi. Istorijski institut SR Crne Gore c. 1979. p. 139.
- Božović, Branislav; Vavić, Milorad (1991). Surova vremena na Kosovu i Metohiji: kvislinzi i kolaboracija u drugom svetskom ratu. Institut za savremenu istoriju. p. 388.
- Istorijski zapisi. Istorijski institut SR Crne Gore c. 1979. p. 140.
Мула-Јакуб Кардовић ..... осуђени су на смрт послије ослобођења као ратни злочинци.
- "MANIFESTACIJA SJEĆANJA NA MULA JAKUP-EF. KARDOVIĆA". Bosniak Cultural Community. 2013. Retrieved 11 June 2014.
Sources
- Ćuković, Mirko (1964). Sandžak. Nolit-Prosveta.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)