Isabel Ingram

Isabel Ingram Mayer, née Ingram (March 7, 1902 – 1988) was an American tutor to Wanrong, the Empress Consort of Puyi, the Last Emperor of China.

Isabel Ingram Mayer
Isabel Ingram (right) with Reginald Johnston and Wanrong in the Forbidden City.
Born
Isabel Myrtle Ingram

(1902-03-07)March 7, 1902
Beijing, Great Qing
Died1988 (aged 85–86)
Arlington, Virginia, United States
NationalityAmerican
OccupationAuthor and tutor

Early life

Born March 7, 1902, in Beijing, Ingram was the daughter of American Congregational missionary James Henry Ingram (1858-1934) and Myrtle Belle (Prough) Ingram (1871-1941), his second wife. Her passport and a New York Times article (cited below) give her sisters as Miriam Ingram and Ruth Ingram. Other siblings were Kathryn Ingram (Rowe), Robert Ingram, and Lewis Ingram.[1]

Tutor to Wanrong in the Forbidden City

Ingram was the tutor to Wanrong, the last empress of China. She lived in the Forbidden City, where she taught Wanrong, who was married to Puyi in December 1922. Ingram graduated from Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, in 1922, the same year she returned to China, and began teaching Wanrong.

Accounts of Isabel Ingram in Richard Halliburton, The New York Times and Time

Famous in his era, travel-adventure writer Richard Halliburton wrote his parents in December 1922, saying that he called on "the young American tutoress of the Empress of China." He added that he found the visit quite interesting. The young Ingram was petite and quite attractive. He wrote that on Christmas Eve he "went for a walk about the city wall with Miss Ingram," and also said that "the Royal Pair were only married a day or two before," adding that "this girl" and Reginald Johnston, Pu Yi's tutor, were the only people of European stock "at the great ceremony."[2] In his book The Royal Road to Romance,[3] he wrote that the empress was not to be outdone by the emperor with his tutor, and that Ingram taught her the speech, modes, and manners of the West. As well, the two girls tried to look like one another and traded clothes.

A 21 November 1934 New York Times article states that the empress received part of her education from two American women. It names the women as Miriam Ingram and Isabel Ingram, and says they are daughters of a Congregational missionary from Philadelphia. The article further explains that from them the empress learned English, history and something about life in the Western world.[4]

On 12 May 1924, Time magazine had a piece titled "Henry The Democrat," "Henry" referring to a name adopted by Puyi, who, according to Time had a "beautiful consort" with the court name, Elizabeth (Wanrong). The article states, "Elizabeth was accompanied by Miss Isabel Ingram, graduate of Wellesley, her American tutor."[5]

Scholarly writing

As a reflection of her interest in Chinese art and culture, for The Pennsylvania Museum Bulletin she wrote "A Scroll of the Eight Views by Chang Lung Chang"[6] as well as "The Siren Collection of Chinese Sculpture,"[7] both between 1927 and 1929.

Passport data

According to Ingram's American passport, in case of death or accident she wished that a sister Ruth Ingram, be notified at Peking Union Medical College.

A note on Ingram's passport reads, "Travelling to British ports, Egypt, Palestine, and the United Kingdom en route to the United States of America. British Consulate, Peking. 23/2/27."[8] On 12 April 1927 it was stamped by the harbour police in Ceylon. It bears other stamps, including Italy, Singapore, Greece, and Port Said. In 1928, she returned to China. At the time of her father's death in 1934, she lived in Edgewood, Maryland with her husband, William Mayer, a captain in the United States Army.

gollark: DST bad:- vast work for programmers, has caused many bugs- not even consistent times place to place, so even more problems- causes problems for less smart clocks without access to timezone databases e.g. watches, wall clocks- essentially the most "government" thing ever - someone identified a "problem" with stuff happening at the wrong times, so the solution was to *edit the very fabric of time itself* and not push for changed working hours
gollark: Hmm, we need generalized timezones, lyricly, then. What if I want to be on Mars?
gollark: It's very hot constantly and they don't think the alleged benefits matter?
gollark: Yes. Thus, time zone.
gollark: DST is EXTREMELY bad for MULTIPLE reasons.

References
  1. James Henry Ingram, 1933 Reminiscences
  2. Richard Halliburton: His Story of His Life's Adventure, As Told in Letters to His Mother and Father. ASIN B0007EGFUS.
  3. Halliburton, Richard (1925). The Royal Road to Romance (Travelers' Tales Classics). ISBN 1885211538.
  4. Times, Wireless To The New York (21 November 1934). "EMPRESS TO LEAVE MANCHUKUO HOME; Troubled by Nerves, She Will Spend Winter in Dairen House of the Japanese Governor. INSISTED ON RECOGNITION Yueh Hua Overrode Attempts to Keep Her in Background as One-Time Commoner". The New York Times.
  5. "CHINA: Henry the Democrat". 12 May 1924 – via www.time.com.
  6. Ingram, Isabel (1 January 1927). "A Scroll of the Eight Views by Chang Lung Chang". Bulletin of the Pennsylvania Museum. 23 (117): 19–25. doi:10.2307/3794348. JSTOR 3794348.
  7. Ingram, Isabel (1 January 1929). "The Sirén Collection of Chinese Sculpture: II". Bulletin of the Pennsylvania Museum. 25 (130): 25–33. doi:10.2307/3794499. JSTOR 3794499.
  8. "sabel Ingram's 1927 Passport". Flickr. February 1927.
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