Ilse Thiele

Ilse Thiele (4 November 1920 – 10 January 2010) was an East German politician.[2] She was a member of the powerful Central Committee of the country's ruling SED (party) between 1954 and 1989.[2] She served as the Chair of the national Democratic Women's League from 1953 till 1989.[2][3]

Ilse Thiele
Thiele in 1987
Chairwoman of the Democratic Women's League of Germany
In office September 1953 – November 1989
Preceded by	Elli Schmidt
Succeeded by	Eva Rohmann
Member of the Volkskammer
In office 1954 – March 1990
Personal details
Born	Ilse Neukrantz 4 November 1920 Berlin, Germany
Died	10 January 2010(2010-01-10) (aged 89) Berlin, Germany
Political party	KPD SED
Spouse(s)	Heinz Thiele (1913–2002)[1]
Children	3
Occupation	Politician

Life

Early years

Ilse Neukrantz was born in Berlin's central Lichtenberg quarter. Her father was a warehouseman who was later employed in clerical work. Her mother was a milliner. Ilse and her brother Heinz Neukrantz attended junior and middle school locally.[2] From 1937 till 1945, she worked as a stenographer by court.[2]

Politicised housewife

The war ended in May 1945 and with it came the end of Nazi Germany and of one-party government. Ilse Thiele, now a housewife in Wietze (near Celle), joined the Communist Party. By the next year, she had relocated to the Soviet occupation zone in what remained of Germany. Here, in April 1946, the contentious merger of the old Communist Party with the Moderate-left SPD paved the way for a return to one-party government, and Thiele was one of the thousands of Communist Party members who quickly took the opportunity to sign their membership over to the new Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED / Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands).[2]

Still working as a stenographer with various employers, in 1946, she joined the Trade Unions Federation (FDGP / Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund). Between 1948 and 1950 she served as a local councilor with responsibility for social affairs in Berlin-Lichtenberg. Between 1946 and 1952, she was also a member of the party leadership team in Lichtenberg. In 1950, she became the Berlin regional secretary for the Democratic Women's League (Demokratischer Frauenbund Deutschlands, DFD). In 1950/51, she also studied at the Karl Marx Party Academy.[2]

Political establishment

In 1953, Ilse Thiele succeeded Elli Schmidt[4] as national president of the Democratic Women's League, one of several quasi-political mass movements that were a feature of East Germany's Soviet based constitutional structure.[2][5] Thiele would continue to head up the DFD till November 1989.[2] The role was an important one: Thiele's long tenure contrasted with her predecessor's fall from grace, and may have reflected her own ferocious loyalty to the national leadership, especially during the politically nervous early 1950s.[3]

At the heart of power

In April 1954, Thiele became one of the 91 members of the Party Central Committee. The constitutional structure of the German Democratic Republic insisted on the leading role of the party, and central committee membership placed her at the heart of decision making in a system which required government ministers merely to carry out the policy decisions of the party. Thiele remained a Central Committee member for two and a half decades, until the Central Committee itself resigned in November 1989 as part of the run-up to reunification.[6]

"With great patience Comrade Walter Ulbricht teaches [us] how to find the way to the heart and to the mind of every woman.”

"Genosse Walter Ulbricht lehrt, mit großer Geduld den Weg zum Herzen und zum Verstand jeder Frau zu finden."

Ilse Thiele quoted in 1961[3]

From 1954 through till March 1990, Ilse Thiele also sat as a member of the National legislature (Volkskammer).[2] Despite her membership of the ruling SED (party), in the assembly, she represented not the SED but the DFD. Between 1950 and 1986, the SED always received more than 99% of the votes cast in general election, but the DFD was one of a number of bloc parties and mass movements that nevertheless received a fixed quota of seats in the Volkskammer.

Ilse Thiele, President of the DFD and the GDR WIDF representative (Cairo airport, 1967)

In 1954, she became a member of the Presidium of the National Front,[7] the organisational alliance of second tier political parties and mass movements used by the SED to manage and, where necessary, control these elements. In 1971, she joined the national Council of State, remaining a member till January 1990.[2]

Internationally, from 1964 till 1989, she was a vice-president of the Women's International Democratic Federation,[2] which, during the Cold war years, was widely seen as a left-leaning pro-Soviet confederation.

Death

Ilse Thiele died in Berlin early in 2010, a couple of months after her 89th birthday.[2]

Awards and honours

• 1957: Clara Zetkin Medal
• 1965: Patriotic Order of Merit in Gold[8]
• 1985: Order of Karl Marx

References

1. Heinz Thiele: born 11 November 1913, died 30 December 2002, buried Georgen-Parochial-Friedhof 2, 10249 Berlin
2. Helmut Müller-Enbergs. "Thiele, Ilse geb. Neukrantz *4.11.1920, † 10.1.2010 Vorsitzende des DFD, Mitglied des Staatsrats" (in German). Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur: Biographische Datenbanken. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
3. "FRAUENARBEIT: Unter anderen Umständen SOWJETZONE". Der Spiegel (online). 5 April 1961. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
4. Helmut Müller-Enbergs; Horst Laude. "Schmidt, Elli * 9.8.1908, † 30.7.1980SED-Funktionärin, Vorsitzende des DFD". Wer war wer in der DDR? (in German). Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur: Biographische Datenbanken. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
5. Kasza, Gregory J. (1995): The Conscription Society. Administered Mass Organizations, New Haven/London.
6. Barbara Donovan; BOX-FOLDER-REPORT: 27-6-5 (6 December 1989). "East German Politburo and Central Committee Resign". RAD Background Report/216. OSA, Budapest. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
7. Handbuch der Volkskammer 4. Wahlperiode
8. Neues Deutschland 7 May 1965