Hjörleifshöfði

Hjörleifshöfði
Hjörleifshöfði
	A view of Hjörleifshöfði from the foothills of Katla to the northwest
Highest point
Elevation	221 m (725 ft)
Coordinates	63°25′00″N 18°46′00″W
Geography
	Hjörleifshöfði Map of Iceland showing the location of Hjörleifshöfði
Location	Vestur-Skaftafellssýsla, Southern Region, Iceland
Geology
Mountain type	Inselberg

Hjörleifshöfði (Icelandic: ['çœːrˌleifs'hœːfˌði]) is a 221 m (725 ft)-high inselberg in southern Iceland. It consists of palagonite. The mountain is located on the Mýrdalssandur outwash plain about 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Vík í Mýrdal, and was an island in the Atlantic Ocean.

Name

The name was given to the mountain by one of the first legendary settlers mentioned in the Landnámabók.

According to this, Hjörleifr Hróðmarsson was the brother-in-law of Ingólfur Arnarson, Iceland's first official settler. He settled at Hjörleifshöfði towards the end of the ninth century. There, however, he was slain by his slaves. The slaves fled to Vestmannaeyjar, where Ingólfur took his revenge for his friend and slew them.

On the top of the mountain is a mound called Hjörleifshaugur, where Hjörleifr is said to be buried.[1]

Geology

The mountain is of volcanic origin but was covered by ice or seawater at the time of its formation, so it has a similar past as the nearby larger Hafursey mountain. Then it was an island surrounded by sea. At the time of the settlement of Iceland, it was already connected to the mainland, but there was still a fjord at its side, which was used to shore ships.

Later, the jökulhlaups, connected with the eruptions of the Katla volcano in Mýrdalsjökull, gathered so much sand and gravel that it was now not at the shore but surrounded by the mainland and the fjord was filled.

After the eruption of Katla in 1918, a tongue of land, Kötlutangi, led out into the sea so far that it was regarded as the southernmost point of Iceland. Meanwhile, however, the sea eroded it to the point that this title again belongs to the peninsula of Dyrhólaey.[2]

Farm

By AD 874 there was a farm of the same name on the mountain. After the outbreaks of Katla in 1660 or 1721 it had been moved up.

The farm was regarded as relatively well-off because of the side-income from the hunt for seabirds and the collection of eggs.[3]

In popular culture

The area was used for location filming for the 2016 Star Wars spinoff film Rogue One.[4]

gollark: There are lots of ways to make it break stuff less.

gollark: Or all currently existing AI has weird conceptual limitations like being unable to think about thinking about thinking (or other two level deep meta-thinking).

gollark: Or AI which is technically usable but needs exponentially increasing amounts of computing power for linear intelligence increases.

gollark: Or invariably deletes itself or goes crazy after a while.

gollark: Or you've got AI which seems to work, but runs on some stupidly alien mental architecture and can barely communicate with us.

References

Einarsson, Hg. T.; Magnússon, H. (1989). Íslandshandbókin. Náttúra, saga og sérkenni [Iceland handbook. Nature, history and characteristics] (in Icelandic). 2. Reykjavík: Örn og Örlygur. p. 698.
Einarsson, Hg. T.; Magnússon, H. (1989). Íslandshandbókin. Náttúra, saga og sérkenni [Iceland handbook. Nature, history and characteristics] (in Icelandic). 2. Reykjavík: Örn og Örlygur. p. 697 f.
Einarsson, Hg. T.; Magnússon, H. (1989). Íslandshandbókin. Náttúra, saga og sérkenni [Iceland handbook. Nature, history and characteristics] (in Icelandic). 2. Reykjavík: Örn og Örlygur. p. 698 f.
Han, Angie (23 September 2015). "Star Wars Bits: Star Wars Costume Exhibit, John Boyega Talks Episode VII, Rogue One Shoots in Iceland". /Film. Retrieved 23 December 2016.

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[1] Einarsson, Hg. T.; Magnússon, H. (1989). Íslandshandbókin. Náttúra, saga og sérkenni [Iceland handbook. Nature, history and characteristics] (in Icelandic). 2. Reykjavík: Örn og Örlygur. p. 698.

[2] Einarsson, Hg. T.; Magnússon, H. (1989). Íslandshandbókin. Náttúra, saga og sérkenni [Iceland handbook. Nature, history and characteristics] (in Icelandic). 2. Reykjavík: Örn og Örlygur. p. 697 f.

[3] Einarsson, Hg. T.; Magnússon, H. (1989). Íslandshandbókin. Náttúra, saga og sérkenni [Iceland handbook. Nature, history and characteristics] (in Icelandic). 2. Reykjavík: Örn og Örlygur. p. 698 f.

[4] Han, Angie (23 September 2015). "Star Wars Bits: Star Wars Costume Exhibit, John Boyega Talks Episode VII, Rogue One Shoots in Iceland". /Film. Retrieved 23 December 2016.