Higham Ferrers (UK Parliament constituency)

Higham Ferrers was a parliamentary borough in Northamptonshire, which was represented in the House of Commons from 1558 until 1832, when it was abolished by the Great Reform Act. It was one of the very small number of English boroughs in that period which was entitled to elect only one rather than two Members of Parliament.

Higham Ferrers
Former Borough constituency for the House of Commons
1558–1832
Number of members	One
Replaced by	North Northamptonshire

History

The borough consisted of the parish of Higham Ferrers, a small market town in the east of Northamptonshire. In 1831, the population of the borough was 965, and it contained 169 houses; a further two houses were in the town but outside the boundaries of the borough.

Higham Ferrers was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1556 and was first summoned to elect a representative to the Parliament of 1557–1558. The right to vote was exercised by the Mayor, aldermen, burgesses (members of the town corporation), and freemen, provided they were householders in the borough and not receiving alms; in 1831 this comprised a total of 33 voters. Since the corporation elected its own successors and had the right to create freemen (which was sparingly used), this ensured that the power was self-perpetuating and usually entirely under the influence of the local landowner or "patron".

In the first few years of its existence, during the early Elizabethan period, Higham Ferrers seems to have been entirely under the sway of the Duchy of Lancaster, electing Duchy officers as its MPs, but later in the same reign the influence of the local landed families became more evident, in particular the Hattons and the Montagus of Boughton. From the start of the 18th century, however, the Watson-Wentworth family, later Marquesses of Rockingham, owned the borough and exercised an unchallenged right to nominate its MP; on the death of the 2nd Marquess in 1784, the patronage passed to his nephew and heir, the Earl Fitzwilliam, who still retained it at the time of the Reform Act.

Higham Ferrers was abolished as a constituency by the Reform Act, those of its inhabitants who were qualified subsequently voting in the Northern division of the county.

Members of Parliament

1558–1640

Parliament	Member
1558	Ralph Lane[1]
1559 (Jan)	John Purvey[2]
1562/3	John Purvey[2]
1571	Christopher Hatton[2]
1572	Edmund Downing[2]
1584 (Nov)	Humphrey Mildmay[2]
1586 (Sep)	Humphrey Mildmay[2]
1588 (Oct)	Richard Swale[2]
1593	Henry Montagu[2]
1597	Henry Montagu[2]
1601 (Sep)	Henry Montagu[2]
1604–1611	Sir Goddard Pemberton
1614	Rowland St John
1620–1625	Sir Charles Montagu
1626	Sir Thomas Dacres
1626 (Feb)	Sir George Sondes
1628	Sir George Sondes
1629–1640	No Parliaments summoned

1640–1832

Year		Member	Party
November 1640		Sir Christopher Hatton	Royalist
September 1642	Hatton disabled from sitting – seat vacant
1645		Edward Harby
1653	Higham Ferrers was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament and the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate
January 1659		James Nutley
May 1659		Edward Harby
April 1660		Sir Thomas Dacres
1661		Lewis Palmer
1679		Sir Rice Rudd
1685		Sir Lewis Palmer
January 1689		Sir Rice Rudd[lower-alpha 1]
February 1689		Hon. Lewis Watson
July 1689		Thomas Andrew
1698		Thomas Ekins
1702		Thomas Pemberton
1703		Thomas Watson-Wentworth[lower-alpha 2]
1714		Charles Leigh
1722		Thomas Watson-Wentworth
1724		John Finch
May 1741		Henry Finch[lower-alpha 3]
December 1741		Henry Seymour Conway	Whig
1747		John Hill
1753		Hon. John Yorke
1768		Frederick Montagu
June 1790		Viscount Duncannon[lower-alpha 4]
December 1790		John Lee
1793		Serjeant James Adair	Whig
1798		Stephen Thurston Adey	Whig
1801		Francis Ferrand Foljambe	Whig
1807		William Windham	Whig
1810		Viscount Duncannon	Whig
1812		William Plumer	Whig
1822		Viscount Normanby	Whig
1826		Major-General Frederick Cavendish Ponsonby	Whig
1830		Viscount Howick	Whig
April 1831		Viscount Milton	Whig
July 1831		Charles Pepys	Whig
October 1831		John Ponsonby	Whig
1832	Constituency abolished

Notes

1. Rudd was also elected for Carmarthenshire, which he chose to represent, and did not sit again for Higham Ferrers
2. Wentworth was re-elected in 1714, but had also been elected for Malton, which he chose to represent, and did not sit for Higham Ferrers in this Parliament
3. Finch was also elected for Malton, which he chose to represent, and never sat for Higham Ferrers
4. Duncannon was also elected for Knaresborough, which he chose to represent, and never sat for Higham Ferrers

References

1. "History of Parliament". Retrieved 2 October 2011.
2. "History of Parliament". Retrieved 2 October 2011.

• Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807)
• D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
• Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808)
• J. E. Neale, The Elizabethan House of Commons (London: Jonathan Cape, 1949)
• T. H. B. Oldfield, The Representative History of Great Britain and Ireland (London: Baldwin, Cradock & Joy, 1816)
• Edward Porritt and Annie G Porritt, The Unreformed House of Commons (Cambridge University Press, 1903)
• J Holladay Philbin, Parliamentary Representation 1832 – England and Wales (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965)
• Henry Stooks Smith, The Parliaments of England from 1715 to 1847 (2nd edition, edited by FWS Craig – Chichester: Parliamentary Reference Publications, 1973)
• Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "H" (part 3)