Herpomycetales

The Herpomycetales is an order of Fungi within the class Laboulbeniomycetes. The order includes a single dioecious genus, Herpomyces, with 27 accepted species[1] of obligate ectoparasites that are associated exclusively with cockroaches. Like the Laboulbeniales order, they produce cellular thalli. However, the thalli of Herpomyces are developmentally and morphologically unique[2][3][4][5].

Herpomycetales
Female thallus of Herpomyces chaetophilus, removed from a Periplaneta americana cockroach
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Ascomycota
Class:
Laboulbeniomycetes
Order:
Herpomycetales

Haelew. & Pfister (2019)
Families

Herpomycetaceae

The order was described in 2019 based on the phylogenetic analysis of three gene regions[6]. A more recent phylogeny found that Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales are not sister clades[7], which provides evidence for the idea that the thallus originated at least twice in the class Laboulbeniomycetes. This is in line with the fact that thalli of both orders are developmentally and morphologically different.

The draft genome of Herpomyces periplanetae has been sequenced and assembled[8]—the only one in the class thus far. Herpomyces periplanetae is a very widespread parasite on the antennae of adult cockroaches in the genus Periplaneta, like the common American cockroach, Periplaneta americana.

References
  1. Gutierrez, Alejandra C.; Ordoqui, Eliana; Leclerque, Andreas; López Lastra, Claudia (2020). "A new species of Herpomyces (Laboulbeniomycetes: Herpomycetales) on Periplaneta fuliginosa (Blattodea: Blattidae) from Argentina". Mycologia: 1–8. doi:10.1080/00275514.2020.1726134. ISSN 0027-5514.
  2. Hill, Terry W. (1977). "Ascocarp ultrastructure of Herpomyces sp. (Laboulbeniales) and its phylogenetic implications". Canadian Journal of Botany. 55 (15): 2015–2032. doi:10.1139/b77-228. ISSN 0008-4026.
  3. Tavares, Isabelle I. (1965). "Thallus development in Herpomyces Paranensis (Laboulbeniales)". Mycologia. 57 (5): 704–721. doi:10.1080/00275514.1965.12018258. ISSN 0027-5514.
  4. Tavares, Isabelle I. (1966). "Structure and development of Herpomyces stylopygae (Laboulbeniales)". American Journal of Botany. 53 (4): 311–318. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1966.tb07341.x.
  5. Tavares, Isabelle I. (1980). "Notes on perithecial development in the Euceratomycetaceae fam. nov. (Laboulbeniales, Laboulbeniineae) and Herpomyces (Herpomycetineae)". Mycotaxon. 11: 485–492.
  6. Haelewaters, Danny; Pfliegler, Walter P.; Gorczak, Michał; Pfister, Donald H. (April 2019). "Birth of an order: Comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study excludes Herpomyces (Fungi, Laboulbeniomycetes) from Laboulbeniales". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 133: 286–301. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2019.01.007.
  7. Blackwell, Meredith; Haelewaters, Danny; Pfister, Donald H. (2020-03-17). "Laboulbeniomycetes: Evolution, natural history, and Thaxter's final word". Mycologia: 1–12. doi:10.1080/00275514.2020.1718442. ISSN 0027-5514.
  8. Haelewaters, Danny; Okrasińska, Alicja; Gorczak, Michał; Pfister, Donald H. (2020-02-06). Rokas, Antonis (ed.). "Draft Genome Sequence of the Globally Distributed Cockroach-Infecting Fungus Herpomyces periplanetae Strain D. Haelew. 1187d". Microbiology Resource Announcements. 9 (6): MRA.01458–19, e01458–19. doi:10.1128/MRA.01458-19. ISSN 2576-098X. PMC 7005119. PMID 32029554.
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