Henneguya zschokkei

Henneguya zschokkei, also known as Henneguya salminicola,[2][3] milky flesh or tapioca disease,[1] is a species of a myxosporean parasite of certain species of salmon of genus Oncorhynchus.

Henneguya zschokkei
Henneguya zschokkei in salmon
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Myxosporea
Order: Bivalvulida
Family: Myxobolidae
Genus: Henneguya
Species:
H. zschokkei
Binomial name
Henneguya zschokkei
(Gurley, 1894)
Synonyms[1]
  • Henneguya salminicola Ward, 1919

Henneguya salminicola is the first and thus far only known multicellular animal that completely lacks a mitochondrial genome and typical mitochondria, meaning it does not use aerobic respiration to produce energy, but some other, yet unknown, way.[4] Thus it does not breathe oxygen.[5]

Description

The Henneguya salminicola parasite is found in fish as an ovoid spore with two anterior polar capsules and two long caudal appendages.[6]

Hosts

Known hosts of Henneguya zschokkei include:[7]

Lack of mitochondrial genome

The anaerobic nature of Henneguya zschokkei was accidentally discovered by scientists at Tel Aviv University, who published their results in February 2020.[4] Professor Dorothee Huchon and colleagues noticed that this animal was missing a mitochondrial genome.[8][9][10]

gollark: It's producing several orders of magnitude more energy than the nukes would produce doing... sun things.
gollark: The sun is in fact quite large.
gollark: You can't destroy the sun with, what, a few billion nukes?
gollark: Wait, we can just make new ones and destroy them before they do.
gollark: That one might turn red, you see.

See also
Taxa
Structures

References
  1. "Henneguya salminicola". fishpathogens.net. Oregon State University. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. Retrieved 2020-02-28.
  2. Ward, Henry B. (1919). "Notes on North American Myxosporidia". The Journal of Parasitology. 6 (2): 49–64. doi:10.2307/3270895. ISSN 0022-3395. JSTOR 3270895.
  3. Greenwood, Veronique (28 February 2020). "This Parasite Doesn't Need Oxygen to Survive - But that's not the weirdest thing about this jellyfish cousin that turns up in the muscles of salmon". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
  4. Yahalomi, Dayana; Atkinson, Stephen D.; Neuhof, Moran; Chang, E. Sally; Philippe, Hervé; Cartwright, Paulyn; Bartholomew, Jerri L.; Huchon, Dorothée (2020-02-19). "A cnidarian parasite of salmon (Myxozoa: Henneguya) lacks a mitochondrial genome". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 201909907. doi:10.1073/pnas.1909907117. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 32094163.
  5. Brandon Specktor (24 February 2020). "Scientists discover first known animal that doesn't breathe". Live Science.
  6. Meyers, T. R.; Burton, T.; Bentz, C.; Starkey, N.; (July 2008). Common diseases of wild and cultured fishes in Alaska (PDF). Fish Pathology Laboratories. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Yukon River Drainage Fisheries Association.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  7. Buchtová, H.; Dyková, I.; Vršková, D.; Krkoška, L.; (2004). "Záchyt lososa masivně infikovaného myxosporidií Henneguya zschokke" [Myxosporidia Henneguya zschokkei massive infection in a salmon]. Veterinářství (in Czech) (54): 47–48. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  8. Andrew, Scottie (26 February 2020). "Scientists discovered the first animal that doesn't need oxygen to live. It's changing the definition of what an animal can be". CNN. Retrieved 2020-02-28.
  9. Shah, Gunjan (27 February 2020). "Scientists discover Henneguya salminicola, a life form that lives without oxygen". Republic World. India: Republic. Retrieved 2020-02-28.
  10. "Unique non-oxygen breathing animal discovered: The tiny relative of the jellyfish is parasitic and dwells in salmon tissue". ScienceDaily. 25 February 2020. Retrieved 2020-02-28.

Further reading
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