Heliothela wulfeniana

Heliothela wulfeniana is a species of moth in the family Crambidae first described by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1763.[2]

Heliothela wulfeniana
Dorsal view
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Lepidoptera
Family:
Crambidae
Genus:
Heliothela[1]
Species:
H. wulfeniana
Binomial name
Heliothela wulfeniana
(Scopoli, 1763)
Synonyms
  • Phalaena wulfeniana Scopoli, 1763
  • Phalaena Pyralis atralis Hübner, 1788 (nec Fabricius 1775)
  • Heliothela atralis ab. albocilialis Rebel, 1941
  • Heliothela coerulealis Caradja, 1916
  • Heliothela huebneri Koçak, 1980
  • Heliothela praegalliensis Frey, 1880
  • Pyralis helwigiana Fabricius, 1794
  • Pyralis undulalis Schrank, 1802

Distribution and habitat

Heliothela wulfeniana can be found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Great Britain, Norway and Portugal. The range of this species extends from France and Spain in the west to Central Europe and the Mediterranean to the European part of Russia. Outside of Europe, it can also be found in the Caucasus and the Altai, as well as in Turkey and Central Asia.[3][4]

Habitat

These moths inhabit xerophilic sandy environments with sparse vegetation.

Description
Mounted specimen

Heliothela wulfeniana has a wingspan of 16–19 mm.[5] The thorax and abdomen of these moths are brownish. Legs are whitish. The upperside of the forewings is dark brownish black, with small metallic lead-gray dots. A showy white spot is present on the paler brown hindwings. The outer margins of the wings are fringed with gray-bluish scales.[4]

Biology

Adults of these diurnal moths fly from May to June and in mid-August. They feed on pollen and nectar of flowers of various plants, mainly of bindweed (Convolvulus ), yarrow (Achillea) and thyme (Thymus). The females lay the eggs on the leaves of the host plants. The caterpillars hatch after five to six days. The adult caterpillars live in the hollow stems of the plant. These larvae feed on mints (Mentha) and Viola species, including Viola curtisii, Viola tricolor and Viola arvensis.[5][6] They pupate in the soil near the host plant.[7][8]

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References
  1. "GlobIZ search". Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Retrieved 2012-03-22.
  2. BioLib.cz
  3. Fauna Europaea
  4. Barry Goater, Matthias Nuss, Wolfgang Speidel: Pyraloidea I (Crambidae, Acentropinae, Evergestinae, Heliothelinae, Schoenobiinae, Scopariinae). In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt, L. Lyneborg (Hrsg.): Microlepidoptera of Europe - Apollo Books, ISBN 87-88757-33-1, S. 110
  5. Microlepidoptera.nl (in Dutch)
  6. Funet
  7. Karl Traugott Schütze: Die Biologie der Kleinschmetterlinge unter besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Nährpflanzen und Erscheinungszeiten. Handbuch der Microlepidopteren. Raupenkalender geordnet nach der Illustrierten deutschen Flora von H. Wagner. Frankfurt am Main. - Internationalen Entomologischen Vereins e. V., 1931, S. 165 (in German)
  8. Patrice Leraut: Zygaenids, Pyralids 1. In: Moths of Europe. 1. edition. Volume III. NAP Editions, 2012, ISBN 978-2-913688-15-5, S. 185


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