Harriet P. Dustan

Harriet Pearson Dustan, MD (1920–1999) was an American physician who is known for her pioneering contributions to effective detection and treatment of hypertension. She was the first woman to serve on the Board of Governors of the American Board of Internal Medicine.

Harriet Pearson Dustan

MD
Born1920
Craftsbury Common, Vermont
DiedJune 27, 1999
Alma materUniversity of Vermont
OccupationPhysician and Cardiologist
Years active1944–1990
EmployerCleveland Clinic
University of Alabama School of Medicine
United States Veterans Administration
University of Vermont
Known forHypertension research and treatment
Board member ofAmerican Board of Internal Medicine
American Heart Association
American College of Physicians (ACP) Board of Regents
AwardsAmerican Medical Association's Scientific Achievement Award
Lifetime Achievement Award of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research
American College of Cardiology's Distinguished Service Award

Early life and education

Dustan was born in 1920 in Craftsbury Common, Vermont to Helen Paterson and William Lyon Dustan.[1] She attended Craftsbury Academy for her primary and secondary education before receiving her Bachelors of Science (cum laude) and medical degrees from the University of Vermont.[2][3] Following graduation, she received her training in internal medicine at Mary Fletcher Hospital, which is now the Medical Center Campus at Fletcher Allen Health Care, in Burlington Vermont. She then moved to Montreal to do her residency in internal medicine at Royal Victoria Hospital.[4]

Medical career

Following her residency, Dustan returned to Burlington in 1946 to help establish the medical student teaching program at Bishop DeGosbriand Hospital. In 1948, she moved to the Cleveland Clinic[4] to work as a research fellow and in 1951 joined the staff of the Clinic's Research Division. She later became the Division's vice chairman from 1971 to 1977. Following her tenure as vice chairman, she moved to Alabama to join the faculty at University of Alabama at Birmingham as director of the Cardiovascular Research and Training Center and professor of medicine.[1] Her contributions and leadership earned her the distinction of being named distinguished professor of the university in 1985. In 1987, she became 1 of 12 Distinguished Physicians (DP) of the United States Veterans Administration in their Department of Medicine and Surgery. The DP program was established in 1968 to attract doctors who had made significant contributions to medical science and have enjoyed long and distinguished careers.[5] She retired from her position in 1990 and returned to Vermont, where she became a visiting professor of Pharmacology and Medicine at the University of Vermont College of Medicine.

Throughout her career, Dustan held a number of leadership and advisory positions, leaving a lasting footprint on the medical community. In 1973, she became the first woman on the Board of Governors of the American Board of Internal Medicine.[3][4] She was also an active member of the American Heart Association from 1973 to 1979, serving as its second woman president (1977–1978), chairing its Ethics and Research Committees, and acting as the first editor-in-chief of its journal, Hypertension.[6] She also served as a member of the Board of Regents of the American College of Physicians from 1979 to 1984 and on the Advisory Board of the NIH's National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, establishing national clinical practice guidelines.[4]

Research contributions

During her medical career, Dustan was involved in a series of innovations that have advanced the detection and treatment of hypertension.[7] At the Cleveland Clinic, she worked in the Research Division with Drs. Irvine Page and Arthur C. Corcoran where she became a leading force in the field of hypertension.[8][9] There, she was among the first to suggest that reducing dietary sodium could lower hypertension and risk for other cardiac disorders.[10][11][12] In addition to recommendations for hypertension prevention, she advanced the medical field's understanding of the mechanisms underlying hypertension and helped develop early anti-hypertensive treatments. For instance, she studied the effects of serotonin in constricting blood vessels, which is now a treatment used in antidepressants.[3] She also worked to characterize the role of the blood enzyme renin in hypertension—which is an often underdiagnosed cause of hypertension—and studied the effects of discontinuing anti-hypertensive medications in patients with hypertension.[13] She was also a member of the team that established selective renal arteriography to track circulation in the kidneys and develop a reference standard by which to guide treatment and interventions.[14][15] In so doing, her work transformed hypertension from a death sentence to a treatable disease.

Legacy

Following her death on June 27, 1999, Dr. Edward D. Frohlich, a colleague and scientist at the Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, noted Dr. Dustan's keen intellect, delightful sense of humor, and service to humanity.[3] In 2008, the American Heart Association established the Harriet Dustan Award in her honor, which is presented to female investigators who have made outstanding contributions in the field of hypertension.[6]

Awards and honors
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References
  1. Oral History Collection on Women in Medicine (PDF). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Medical College of Pennsylvania. 1978. pp. 5–6.
  2. University of Vermont, College of Medicine Bulletin. University of Vermont College of Medicine Catalogs. 1944. p. 61.
  3. Frohlich, Edward D. (August 1999). "Harriet Pearson Dustan". Hypertension. 34 (2): 162–163. doi:10.1161/01.hyp.34.2.162. PMID 10454434.
  4. "Changing the Face of Medicine: Dr. Harriet Pearson Dustan". National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
  5. Eckenhoff, J. E. (February 1990). "20 years of the VA's Distinguished Physician program". Academic Medicine. 65 (2): 94–95. doi:10.1097/00001888-199002000-00006. ISSN 1040-2446. PMID 2405868.
  6. "Harriet Dustan Award". professional.heart.org. Retrieved 2018-07-25.
  7. Page, Irvine H.; Dustan, Harriet P. (1973). Hypertension Drug Treatment. American Heart Association.
  8. Dustan, H P (April 1970). "Etiology and pathogenesis of hypertension". California Medicine. 112 (4): 86–87. ISSN 0008-1264. PMC 1501321. PMID 5436376.
  9. Dustan, H P (May 1970). "Treatment of hypertension". California Medicine. 112 (5): 77–78. ISSN 0008-1264. PMC 1501228. PMID 5496546.
  10. Dustan, Harriet P.; Corcoran, A. C.; Page, Irvine H. (December 1956). "Renal Function in Primary Aldosteronism 1". Journal of Clinical Investigation. 35 (12): 1357–1363. doi:10.1172/JCI103392. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 441717. PMID 13385334.
  11. Tarazi, R. C.; Hirano, J.; Dustan, H. P.; Masson, G. M. (May 1968). "[Role of sodium in arterial hypertension]". Pathologie et Biologie. 16 (9): 547–554. PMID 4879106.
  12. Dustan, H. P.; Kirk, K. A. (June 1989). "Corcoran lecture: the case for or against salt in hypertension. Arthur Curtis Corcoran, MD (1909-1965). Tribute and prelude to Corcoran Lecture of 1988". Hypertension. 13 (6 Pt 2): 696–705. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.13.6.696. ISSN 0194-911X. PMID 2661426.
  13. "Functional correlates of plasma renin activity in hypertensive patients. - Semantic Scholar". 1970. Retrieved 2018-07-25.
  14. Meaney, T. F.; Dustan, H. P. (December 1963). "Selective Renal Arteriography in the Diagnosis of Renal Hypertension". Circulation. 28 (6): 1035–1041. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.28.6.1035. ISSN 0009-7322. PMID 14082916.
  15. McCormack, Lawrence J.; Poutasse, Eugene F.; Meaney, Thomas F.; Noto, Thomas J.; Dustan, Harriet P. (August 1966). "A pathologic-arteriographic correlation of renal arterial disease". American Heart Journal. 72 (2): 188–198. doi:10.1016/0002-8703(66)90442-X. ISSN 0002-8703. PMID 5915557.
  16. Meghann Williams (2017-09-26). "This is a listing of all recipients of ACP National Awards" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-07-25. Retrieved 2018-07-25.
  17. 2459005 (2018-07-24). "HONORARY DEGREES | CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY" (PDF). Retrieved 2018-07-25.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  18. American College of Cardiology Distinguished Awardees
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