Harmothoe

Harmothoe is a genus of marine Polychaete worms belonging to the family Polynoidae. The name comes from an Amazon.

Harmothoe
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Order: Phyllodocida
Family: Polynoidae
Genus: Harmothoe
Kinberg, 1856
Type species
Harmothoe spinosa
Kinberg, 1856

The genus is one of many in the family that contain bioluminescent species.[1]

Species

The genus Harmothoe includes 152 species as of June 2020[2]:

  • Harmothoe abyssicola Bidenkap, 1895
  • Harmothoe aculeata Andrews, 1891
  • Harmothoe acuminata Willey, 1902
  • Harmothoe aequespina (Langerhans, 1884)
  • Harmothoe africana Augener, 1918
  • Harmothoe africanus (Hartman, 1976)
  • Harmothoe anoculata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1975)
  • Harmothoe antarctica (McIntosh, 1885)
  • Harmothoe antilopes McIntosh, 1876
  • Harmothoe areolata (Grube, 1860)
  • Harmothoe asiatica Uschakov & Wu, 1962
  • Harmothoe aspera (Hansen, 1878)
  • Harmothoe assimilis (Örsted, 1843)
  • Harmothoe atra Horst, 1915
  • Harmothoe augeneri Salazar-Silva, 2010
  • Harmothoe australis Kirkegaard, 1995
  • Harmothoe balboensis Monro, 1928
  • Harmothoe bellani Barnich & Fiege, 2000
  • Harmothoe benthaliana McIntosh, 1885
  • Harmothoe benthophila Ehlers, 1913
  • Harmothoe beringiana Annenkova, 1952
  • Harmothoe borealis (Théel, 1879)
  • Harmothoe branchiata Hartman, 1976
  • Harmothoe campoglacialis Hilbig & Montiel, 2000
  • Harmothoe capensis (Willey, 1904)
  • Harmothoe capitulifera Ditlevsen, 1911
  • Harmothoe casabullicola Brito, Nuñez & Bacallado, 1991
  • Harmothoe cascabullicola Brito, Núñez & Bacallado, 1991
  • Harmothoe cedrici Barnich, Beuck & Freiwald, 2013
  • Harmothoe charlottae Hutchings & Murray, 1984
  • Harmothoe ciliata Monro, 1936
  • Harmothoe cilielytris Uschakov, 1962
  • Harmothoe clavigera (M. Sars, 1863)
  • Harmothoe coeliaca de Saint-Joseph, 1888
  • Harmothoe commensalis Rozbaczylo & Cañete, 1993
  • Harmothoe cornuta (Potts, 1910)
  • Harmothoe craigsmithi Pettibone, 1993
  • Harmothoe crassicirrata Johnson, 1897
  • Harmothoe crosetensis (McIntosh, 1885)
  • Harmothoe crucis (Grube, 1856)
  • Harmothoe cylindrica Imajima, 1997
  • Harmothoe dannyi Barnich, Beuck & Freiwald, 2013
  • Harmothoe dearborni Pettibone, 1955
  • Harmothoe derjugini (Annenkova, 1937)
  • Harmothoe dictyophora (Grube, 1878)
  • Harmothoe dinardensis Nolte, 1936
  • Harmothoe discoveryae Pettibone, 1993
  • Harmothoe eltanina (Hartman, 1967)
  • Harmothoe ernesti Augener, 1931
  • Harmothoe evei Kirkegaard, 1980
  • Harmothoe exanthema (Grube, 1856)
  • Harmothoe extenuata (Grube, 1840)
  • Harmothoe fernandi Barnich & Fiege, 2009
  • Harmothoe flaccida (Potts, 1910)
  • Harmothoe forcipata (Marenzeller, 1902)
  • Harmothoe fragilis Moore, 1910
  • Harmothoe fraserthomsoni McIntosh, 1897
  • Harmothoe fuligineum (Baird, 1865)
  • Harmothoe fullo (Grube, 1878)
  • Harmothoe fusca (McIntosh, 1885)
  • Harmothoe fuscaspinae Salazar-Silva, 2003
  • Harmothoe gilchristi Day, 1960
  • Harmothoe glabra (Malmgren, 1865)
  • Harmothoe globifera (Sars G.O., 1873)
  • Harmothoe globosa Pettibone, 1990
  • Harmothoe glomerosa Imajima, 1997
  • Harmothoe gordae Pettibone, 1990
  • Harmothoe goreensis Augener, 1918
  • Harmothoe grisea (Grube, 1870)
  • Harmothoe gruzovi Averincev, 1972
  • Harmothoe hanleyi Salazar-Silva, 2010
  • Harmothoe helderensis Nolte, 1936
  • Harmothoe hirsuta Johnson, 1897
  • Harmothoe hollisi Pettibone, 1989
  • Harmothoe holothuricola Izuka, 1912
  • Harmothoe hyalonemae Martin, Rossel & Uriz, 1992
  • Harmothoe imbricata (Linnaeus, 1767)
  • Harmothoe impar (Johnston, 1839)
  • Harmothoe ingolfiana Ditlevsen, 1917
  • Harmothoe johnstoni (McIntosh, 1876)
  • Harmothoe joubini Fauvel, 1913
  • Harmothoe juvenalis Hartmann-Schröder, 1962
  • Harmothoe kieliensis Nolte, 1936
  • Harmothoe lanceocirrata Treadwell, 1928
  • Harmothoe liaoi Barnich, Sun & Fiege, 2004
  • Harmothoe longidentis Salazar-Silva, 2003
  • Harmothoe longisetis (Grube, 1863)
  • Harmothoe macginitiei Pettibone, 1955
  • Harmothoe macnabi Pettibone, 1985
  • Harmothoe macquoriensis Averincev, 1978
  • Harmothoe macrolepidota (Schmarda, 1861)
  • Harmothoe madrynensis Barnich, Orensanz & Fiege, 2012
  • Harmothoe magellanica (McIntosh, 1885)
  • Harmothoe marerubrum Wehe, 2006
  • Harmothoe mariannae Barnich & Fiege, 2009
  • Harmothoe melanicornis Britaev, 1981
  • Harmothoe meteroae Augener, 1931
  • Harmothoe micraspis Eliason, 1962
  • Harmothoe muiri Salazar-Silva, 2010
  • Harmothoe multisetosa (Moore, 1902)
  • Harmothoe norvegica Bidenkap, 1895
  • Harmothoe notochaetosa Lopez & San Martín, 1996
  • Harmothoe oculinarum (Storm, 1879)
  • Harmothoe ornatus (Hartman, 1967)
  • Harmothoe pagenstecheri Michaelsen, 1896
  • Harmothoe panamensis Kirkegaard, 1995
  • Harmothoe paraminuta Hartmann-Schröder, 1984
  • Harmothoe paxtoni Averincev, 1978
  • Harmothoe pentactae (Giard, 1886)
  • Harmothoe picta Saint-Joseph, 1888
  • Harmothoe pokoui Intes & Le Loeuff, 1975
  • Harmothoe praeclara (Haswell, 1883)
  • Harmothoe profunda Day, 1963
  • Harmothoe propinqua (Malmgren, 1867)
  • Harmothoe pulchella (Kinberg, 1856)
  • Harmothoe quadriceps Grube in Augener, 1922
  • Harmothoe quadrituberculata Augener, 1922
  • Harmothoe rarispina (M. Sars, 1861)
  • Harmothoe reticulata (Claparède, 1870)
  • Harmothoe rottnestensis Hanley, 1993
  • Harmothoe ruthae Miranda & Brasil, 2014
  • Harmothoe saldanha Day, 1953
  • Harmothoe sanctaehelenae Day, 1949
  • Harmothoe serrata Day, 1963
  • Harmothoe setosissima (Lamarck, 1818)
  • Harmothoe sexdentata (Marenzeller, 1902)
  • Harmothoe sinensis Barnich, Sun & Fiege, 2004
  • Harmothoe spinifera (Ehlers, 1864)
  • Harmothoe spinosa Kinberg, 1856
  • Harmothoe spongicola Hanley & Burke, 1991
  • Harmothoe stephensoni Pettibone, 1993
  • Harmothoe sylliformia Treadwell, 1928
  • Harmothoe synaptae Saint-Joseph, 1906
  • Harmothoe tahitiensis Pettibone, 1993
  • Harmothoe talismani Roule, 1898
  • Harmothoe tenuisetis (McIntosh, 1885)
  • Harmothoe triannulata Moore, 1910
  • Harmothoe tridestinensis Nolte, 1936
  • Harmothoe trimaculata (Treadwell, 1924)
  • Harmothoe turbinata Hanley & Burke, 1991
  • Harmothoe vagabunda Pettibone, 1985
  • Harmothoe vesiculosa Ditlevsen, 1917
  • Harmothoe villosa Treadwell, 1926
  • Harmothoe vinogradovae Averincev, 1978
  • Harmothoe viridis Loshamn, 1981
  • Harmothoe viscayensis Nolte, 1936
  • Harmothoe vittata Trautsch, 1889
  • Harmothoe vossae Salazar-Silva, 2003
  • Harmothoe waahli (Kinberg, 1856)
  • Harmothoe watsoni McIntosh, 1919
  • Harmothoe westoni Salazar-Silva, 2010
  • Harmothoe yendoi Izuka, 1912
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References

  1. Herring, Peter J. (1987). "Systematic distribution of bioluminescence in living organisms". Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence. 1 (3): 147–163. doi:10.1002/bio.1170010303. PMID 3503524.
  2. Read, Geoffrey B.; Fauchald, Kristian (2020). "The World Polychaeta Database".



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