Grand-Îlet

Grand-Îlet (officially in French: Grand-Îlet des Saintes) is an island in the Îles des Saintes archipelago, in the Lesser Antilles. It belongs to the commune (municipality) of Terre-de-Haut into the French department of Guadeloupe.

Grand-Îlet

Grand-Îlet view from Terre-de-Haut Island
Grand-Îlet Show map of Guadeloupe Grand-Îlet Show map of Lesser Antilles Grand-Îlet Show map of Caribbean
Geography
Location	Caribbean sea
Coordinates	15°50′15″N 61°35′30″W
Archipelago	Îles des Saintes
Total islands	9
Major islands	Terre-de-Bas Island
Area	0.84 km^2 (0.32 sq mi)
Highest elevation	165 m (541 ft)
Highest point	Morne Grosse Pointe
Administration
France
Overseas department	Guadeloupe
Canton	les Saintes
commune	Terre-de-Haut
Mayor	Louis Molinié
Demographics
Population	uninhabited
Additional information
Natural Reserve of Conservatoire du littoral.[1] Catégorie IV IUCN.[2]

Geography

Grand-Îlet is located, 1,200 m (0.75 mi) south of Terre-de-Haut Island.

Of triangular shape, It ends by three headlands: Grosse Pointe in the east is an abrupt cliff which plunges into Dominica Passage, Basse Pointe in the north of the island overlooking la Redonde, in front of which is located a series of sharpened rocks called les Quilles and Pointe des Colibris on the west, forming with the eastern headland of la Coche, the dangerous passage called Passe des Dames. The island is about 900 m (0.56 mi) from east to west and 1,200 m (0.75 mi) from north to south. The official size is 84 hectares (although some mistakes appear with a calculated 48 hectares) . Its highest mount, Morne Grosse Pointe hill culminates at 165 m (540 ft). It contain two coves: Anse du Grand Etang, a rocky inlet characterized by its large pond and Anse des Colibris, on the west side of the island.

Grand-Îlet Passage is formed by Basse Pointe headland and la Redonde.[3]

Fauna

The island is frequented by sea turtles, which come to reproduce there, but it is the home of the seabirds: magnificent frigatebird (Fregata magnificens), brown booby, masked booby, terns, double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus), pelican, petrels nest on the cliff of the island. Red-footed booby (Sula sula) and blue-footed booby (Sula nebouxii) are only observable on Grand-Îlet, among the islands of Guadeloupe department. The waste of these birds results in a strong concentration of guano on the rocks and beaches.

The beaches of the island are rich in crabs, in particular the blue land crabs, the blackback land crabs and the sand fiddler crab.

The wading birds of Lesser Antilles live in the large pond of the island.

Natural reserve and diving

Since 1994,[4] the island is the property of Conservatoire du littoral and is placed under the protection of the agency even if the municipality of Terre-de-Haut and the National Forests Office of Guadeloupe stay the administrators. It is a space protected and classified category IV IUCN.[5]

The xerophile forest as all the islands of the archipelago of les Saintes is also protected, in particular wood of Eugenia axillaris, endemic species of the archipelago, among the Lesser Antilles.

Grand Îlet is included in the area of the natural reserve of the islands of les Saintes.[6] It is a remarkable site of submarine observation, due to the presence of a diving sec in full swell. It is a submarine mountain which the base is at less 25 m (82 ft) and the top at less 5 m (16 ft) below sea level. The place abounds in an incredible variety of sponges, gorgonians, corals and fishes of the Antilles, attracting the divers.[7]

Notes and references

1. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-10. Retrieved 2011-12-17.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
2. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-10. Retrieved 2011-12-17.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
3. http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58011188/f8.image
4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-04-15. Retrieved 2011-12-17.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
5. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-10. Retrieved 2011-12-17.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
6. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-04-15. Retrieved 2011-12-17.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
7. http://www.guadeloupe-fr.com/accueilPatrimoine/les-saintes/fonds-sous-marins/article=456/

• Conservatoire du littoral (2010), Dacota (ed.), La Guadeloupe entre terre et mer
• Sylvestre, Richard (2010), Association génération découverte avec la participation du Parc national et la Région Guadeloupe (ed.), Sept trésors des Antilles, tome 1